List of WLAN channels explained

Wireless LAN (WLAN) channels are frequently accessed using IEEE 802.11 protocols. The 802.11 standard provides several radio frequency bands for use in Wi-Fi communications, each divided into a multitude of channels numbered at 5 MHz spacing (except in the 45/60 GHz band, where they are 0.54/1.08/2.16 GHz apart) between the centre frequency of the channel. The standards allow for channels to be bonded together into wider channels for faster throughput.

860/900 MHz (802.11ah)

802.11ah operates in sub-gigahertz unlicensed bands. Each world region supports different sub-bands, and the channels number depends on the starting frequency on the sub-band it belongs to. Therefore there is no global channels numbering plan, and the channels numbers are incompatible between world regions (and even between sub-bands of a same world region).

The following sub-bands are defined in the 802.11ah specifications:

Region	Subband (MHz)	Bandwidths (MHz)	Channel count
Australia	915–928	1, 2, 4, 8	data-sort-true=13	13, 6, 3, 1
China	(755–787)	data-sort-value="0"	(1, 2, 4, 8)
Europe	863–868	data-sort-value=1	1,	data-sort-value=7	5, —
	917.4–919.4	1	data-sort-value=7	2
Japan	916.5–927.5	1	11
Korea	917.5–923.5	1, 2, 4	data-sort-value=6	6, 3, 1
New Zealand	data-sort-value=915–928 style="text-align: center;"	915–928	1, 2, 4, 8	data-sort-true=13	13, 6, 3, 1
Singapore	866–869	1, 2	data-sort-true=8	3, 1
	920–925	1, 2, 4	data-sort-Blue=8	5, 2, 1
Taiwan	(839–848.5)	data-sort-value=0	(1, 2, 4)
United States^[1]	902–928	1, 2, 4, 8, 16	data-sort-value=26	26, 13, 6, 3, 1
Indonesia	920-923	250 kHz		-					group=A	refs Refn	obsolete	name=obsolete	group -->

2.4 GHz (802.11b/g/n/ax/be)

14 channels are designated in the 2.4 GHz range, spaced 5 MHz apart from each other except for a 12 MHz space before channel 14.^[2] The abbreviation F₀ designates each channel's fundamental frequency.

	F0 (MHz)	DSSS						OFDM													Most of world ^[3] ^[4] ^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8] <	-- Please don't add unreferenced entries to this table. Also don't add them if they match the ETSI 13 channels, this is covered in the text -->	North America ^[9]	Japan
		Frequency range (MHz)	Channel 22 MHz					Frequency range (MHz)	Channel 20 MHz				40 MHz
1	2412	2401–2423	1	2	3		2402–2422	1	2	3			rowspan=2		rowspan=3		rowspan=4		rowspan=13
2	2417	style=color:darkgray	2406–2428			4	style=color:darkgray	2407–2427	4	<	-- 40 MHz -->
3	2422	style=color:darkgray	2411–2433			5	style=color:darkgray	2412–2432	5	<	-- 40 MHz -->
4	2427	style=color:darkgray	2416–2438			6	style=color:darkgray	2417–2437			6		<	-- 40 MHz -->
5	2432	style=color:darkgray	2421–2443	7			2422–2442	7			<		-- 40 MHz -->
6	2437	2426–2448	8		style=color:darkgray		2427–2447	8			<		-- 40 MHz -->
7	2442	style=color:darkgray			2431–2453		9	style=color:darkgray	2432–2452		9	<	-- 40 MHz -->
8	2447	style=color:darkgray			2436–2458		10	style=color:darkgray	2437–2457				10	rowspan=6
9	2452	style=color:darkgray			2441–2463	11	2442–2462	11	rowspan=5
10	2457	style=color:darkgray		2446–2468	12		style=color:darkgray	2447–2467	12				rowspan=4
11	2462	2451–2473	13	style=color:darkgray			2452–2472	13	rowspan=3
12	2467	style=color:darkgray	2456–2478	style=color:darkgray			2457–2477	-- 40 MHz -->	rowspan=2
13	2472	style=color:darkgray	2461–2483	2462–2482
14	2484	2473–2495	14
Notes: In the 2.4 GHz bands bonded 40 MHz channels are uniquely named by the primary and secondary 20 MHz channels, e.g. 9+13. In the 5 GHz bands they are denoted by the center of the wider band and the primary 20 MHz channel e.g. 42[40] In the US, 802.11 operation on channels 12 and 13 is allowed under low power conditions. The 2.4 GHz Part 15 band in the US allows spread-spectrum operation as long as the 50 dB bandwidth of the signal is within the range of 2,400–2,483.5 MHz^[10] which fully encompasses channels 1 through 13.A Federal Communications Commission (FCC) document clarifies that only channel 14 is forbidden and that low-power transmitters with low-gain antennas may operate legally in channels 12 and 13.^[11] Channels 12 and 13 are nevertheless not normally used in order to avoid any potential interference in the adjacent restricted frequency band, 2,483.5–2,500 MHz,^[12] which is subject to strict emission limits set out in 47 CFR § 15.205.^[13] Per recent FCC Order 16–181, "an authorized access point device can only operate in the band when it is operating under the control of a Globalstar Network Operating Center and that a client device can only operate in the band when it is operating under the control of an authorized access point"^[14] Channel 14 is valid only for DSSS and CCK modes (Clause 18 a.k.a. 802.11b) in Japan. OFDM (i.e., 802.11g) may not be used. (IEEE 802.11-2007 § 19.4.2) Nations apply their own RF emission regulations to the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Network operators should consult their local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time. Most of the world will allow the first thirteen channels in the spectrum.

Interference happens when two networks try to operate in the same band, or when their bands overlap. The two modulation methods used have different characteristics of band usage and therefore occupy different widths:

• The DSSS method used by legacy 802.11 and 802.11b (and the 11b-compatible rates of 11 g) use 22 MHz of bandwidth. This is from the 11 MHz chip rate used by the coding system. No guard band is prescribed;^[15] the channel definition provides 3 MHz between 1, 6, and 11.
• The OFDM method used by 802.11a/b/g/n occupies a bandwidth of 16.25 MHz. The nameplate bandwidth is set to be 20 MHz, rounding up to a multiple of channel width and providing some guard band for signal to attenuate along the edge of the band.^[16] This guardband is mainly used to accommodate older routers with modem chipsets prone to full channel occupancy, as most modern Wi‑Fi routers are not prone to excessive channel occupancy.

While overlapping frequencies can be configured at a location and will usually work, it can cause interference resulting in slowdowns, sometimes severe, particularly in heavy use. Certain subsets of frequencies can be used simultaneously at any one location without interference (see diagrams for typical allocations). The consideration of spacing stems from both the basic bandwidth occupation (described above), which depends on the protocol, and from attenuation of interfering signals over distance. In the worst case, using every fourth or fifth channel by leaving three or four channels clear between used channels causes minimal interference, and narrower spacing still can be used at further distances.^{[17] [18]} The "interference" is usually not actual bit-errors, but the wireless transmitters making space for each other. Interference resulting in bit-error is rare. The requirement of the standard is for a transmitter to yield when it decodes another at a level of 3 dB above the noise floor,^[19] or when the non-decoded noise level is higher than a threshold P_th which, for Wi-Fi 5 and earlier, is between -76 and -80 dBm.

As shown in the diagram, bonding two 20 MHz channels to form a 40 MHz channel is permitted in the 2.4 GHz bands. These are generally referred to by the centres of the primary 20 MHz channel and the adjacent secondary 20 MHz channel (e.g. 1+5, 9+13, 13–9, 5–1). The primary 20 MHz channel is used for signalling and backwards compatibility, the secondary is only used when sending data at full speed.

3.65 GHz (802.11y)

Except where noted, all information taken from Annex J of IEEE 802.11y-2008

This range is documented as only being allowed as a licensed band in the United States. However, not in the original specification, under newer frequency allocations from the FCC, it falls under the Citizens Broadband Radio Service band. This allows for unlicensed use, under Tier 3 GAA rules, provided that the user doesn't cause harmful interference to Incumbent Access users or Priority Access Licensees and accepts all interference from these users,^[20] and also follows of all the technical requirements in CFR 47 Part 96 Subpart E.

A 40 MHz band is available from 3655 to 3695 MHz. It may be divided into eight 5 MHz channels, four 10 MHz channels, or two 20 MHz channels.

The division into 5 MHz channels consumes all eight possible channel numbers, and so (unlike other bands) it is not possible to infer the width of a channel from its number. Instead each wider channel shares its channel number with the 5 MHz channel just above its mid frequency:

• channel 132 can be either 3660-3665 or 3655-3665;
• channel 133 can be either 3665-3670 or 3655-3675;

and so on.

Channel	Span
	5 MHz	10 MHz	20 MHz
131	3655–3660 (F₀=3657.5)	3655–3665 (F₀=3660) <	--10 MHz-->	3655–3675 (F₀=3665) <	--20 MHz-->
132
	3660–3665 (F₀=3662.5)
133
	3665–3670 (F₀=3667.5)	3665–3675 (F₀=3670) <	--10 MHz-->
134
	3670–3675 (F₀=3672.5)
135
	3675–3680 (F₀=3677.5)	3675–3685 (F₀=3680) <	--10 MHz-->	3675–3695 (F₀=3685) <	--20 MHz-->
136
	3680–3685 (F₀=3682.5)
137
	3685–3690 (F₀=3687.5)	3685–3695 (F₀=3690) <	--10 MHz-->
138
	3690–3695 (F₀=3692.5)

4.9–5.0 GHz (802.11j) WLAN

Channel	Center frequency (MHz)	Frequency range (MHz)	Channel			Japan	United States
			10 MHz	20 MHz	40 MHz
184	4920	4910–4930	183, 184, 185	184	184+188 188-184 <	--40 MHz-->	rowspan=4
188	4940	4930–4950	187, 188, 189	188
192	4960	4950–4970	192 <	--20 MHz-->	192+196 196-192 <	--40 MHz-->
196	4980	4970–4990	196
(191)	4955	4945–4965	11, 13, 15	21		rowspan=2
(195)	4975	4965–4985	15, 17, 19	25
8	5040	5030–5050	7, 8, 9	8		rowspan=3
12	5060	5050–5070	11, —	12
16	5080	5070–5090		16

In Japan since 2002, 80 MHz of spectrum from 4910 to 4990 MHz has been available for both indoor and outdoor use, once registered.

Until 2017, an additional 60 MHz of spectrum from 5030 to 5090 MHz was available for registered use, however it has since been re-purposed and can no longer be used.^[21]

50 MHz of spectrum from 4940 to 4990 MHz (WLAN channels 20–26) are in use by public safety entities in the United States. Within this spectrum there are two non-overlapping channels allocated, each 20 MHz wide. The most commonly used channels are 22 and 26.

5 GHz (802.11a/h/n/ac/ax/be)

20 MHz	(MHz)	Frequency range (MHz)	index			US FCC U-NII band(s)	Australia	United States ^[22]	Canada ^[23] ^[24]	United Kingdom ^[25]	Europe ^[26] ^[27] ^[28] ^[29] ^[30] ^[31]	Russia ^[32]	Japan ^[33] ^[34] ^[35]	India ^[36] ^[37] ^[38]	Singa- pore ^[39] ^[40]	China ^[41] ^[42]	Israel ^[43]	Korea ^[44] ^[45]	Turkey ^[46]	South Africa ^[47]	Brazil ^[48]	Taiwan ^[49]	New Zealand ^[50]	Bahrain ^[51]	Vietnam ^[52]	Indonesia ^[53]	Philippines ^[54]
				80 MHz	160 MHz
32	5160	5150–5170				U-NII-1		rowspan=10
36	5180	5170–5190	<	--40 MHz-->	42 <		--80 MHz-->	50 <	--160 MHz-->	rowspan=8
40	5200	5190–5210
44	5220	5210–5230	<	--40 MHz-->
48	5240	5230–5250
52	5260	5250–5270	<	--40 MHz-->	58 <	--80 MHz-->	U-NII-2A		rowspan=5
56	5280	5270–5290
60	5300	5290–5310	<	--40 MHz-->
64	5320	5310–5330
68	5340	5330–5350	-- --> <	--80 MHz-->		style="border-bottom: 0px black"
72	5360	5350–5370	U-NII-2B	rowspan=6 colspan=21
76	5380	5370–5390	rowspan=2
80	5400	5390–5410
84	5420	5410–5430	--80 MHz-->
88	5440	5430–5450
92	5460	5450–5470	rowspan=2	-			5350-5470	U-NII-2B	colspan=20 -->
96	5480	5470–5490	-->	-->	-->	U-NII-2C	-- -->		rowspan=20
100	5500	5490–5510	<	--40 MHz-->	106 <		--80 MHz-->	114 <	--160 MHz-->	rowspan=11
104	5520	5510–5530		rowspan=11
108	5540	5530–5550	<	--40 MHz-->
112	5560	5550–5570
116	5580	5570–5590	<	--40 MHz-->	122 <		--80 MHz-->
120	5600	5590–5610		rowspan=3
124	5620	5610–5630	<	--40 MHz-->
128	5640	5630–5650
132	5660	5650–5670	<	--40 MHz-->	138 <		--80 MHz-->		rowspan=11
136	5680	5670–5690
140	5700	5690–5710	<	--40 MHz-->
144	5720	5710–5730		U-NII-2C/3
		5730–5735	U-NII-3	colspan=14
149	5745	5735–5755		<	--40 MHz-->	155 <	--80 MHz-->	163 <	--160 MHz-->	rowspan=4
153	5765	5755–5775
157	5785	5775–5795		<	--40 MHz-->
161	5805	5795–5815
165	5825	5815–5835		<	--40 MHz-->	171 <	--80 MHz-->		rowspan=4
169	5845	5835–5855	U-NII-3/4		rowspan=3
173	5865	5855–5875	<	--40 MHz-->	U-NII-4		rowspan=2
177	5885	5875–5895
20 MHz	(MHz)	Frequency range (MHz)		80 MHz	160 MHz	US FCC U-NII band(s)	Australia	United States	Canada	United Kingdom	Europe	Russia	Japan	India	Singapore	China	Israel	Korea	Turkey	South Africa	Brazil	Taiwan	New Zealand	Bahrain	Vietnam	Indonesia	Philippines
Notes:

Caption

Text	Meaning
	Compliant equipment may emit in this band without special restrictions.
	Equipment shall not emit in this band.
	Equipment emitting in this band shall not be used outdoors.
	Equipment must comply with DFS restrictions.
	Equipment must comply with SRD restrictions.
	Equipment must comply with DFS restrictions and shall not be used outdoors.
	Equipment must comply with TPC restrictions and shall not be used outdoors.
	Equipment must comply with DFS and TPC restrictions.
	Equipment must comply with DFS, TPC, and SRD restrictions.
	Equipment must comply with DFS and TPC restrictions and shall not be used outdoors.
	Users must register with the applicable regulatory authority before using this band.
	Information regarding regulations in this band is not available.
Notes:

Country-specific information

United States

Source:^[55]

In 2007, the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices operating in the bands of 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities. This is to avoid interference with weather-radar and military applications.^[56] In 2010, the FCC further clarified the use of channels in the 5.470–5.725 GHz band to avoid interference with TDWR, a type of weather radar system.^[57] In FCC parlance, these restrictions are now referred to collectively as the Old Rules. On 10 June 2015, the FCC approved a new ruleset for 5 GHz device operation (called the New Rules), which adds 160 and 80 MHz channel identifiers, and re-enables previously prohibited DFS channels, in Publication Number 905462.^[58] This FCC publication eliminates the ability for manufacturers to have devices approved or modified under the Old Rules in phases; the New Rules apply in all circumstances

Source:^[59] "To help meet the increasing demand for Wi-Fi and other unlicensed services, the FCC's new rules will make 45 megahertz of the 5.9 GHz band available for unlicensed use. This spectrum's impact will be further amplified by the fact that it is adjacent to an existing Wi-Fi band which, when combined with the 45 megahertz made available today, will support cutting edge broadband applications. These high-throughput channels—up to 160 megahertz wide—will enable gigabit Wi-Fi connectivity for schools, hospitals, small businesses, and other consumers. The Report and Order adopts technical rules to enable full-power indoor unlicensed operations in the lower 45 megahertz portion of the band immediately, as well as opportunities for outdoor unlicensed use on a coordinated basis under certain circumstances. Under the new rules, ITS services will be required to vacate the lower 45 megahertz of the band within one year."

United Kingdom

The UK's Ofcom regulations for unlicensed use of the 5 GHz band is similar to Europe, except that DFS is not required for the frequency range 5.725–5.850 GHz and the SRD maximum mean e.i.r.p is 200 mW instead of 25 mW.^[60]

Additionally, 5.925–6.425 GHz is also available for unlicensed use, as long as it is used indoors with an SRD of 250 mW.

Germany

Germany requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz as well; in addition, the frequency range 5.150–5.350 GHz is allowed only for indoor use, leaving only 5.470–5.725 GHz for outdoor and indoor use.^[61]

Since this is the German implementation of EU Rule 2005/513/EC, similar regulations must be expected throughout the European Union.^{[62] [63]}

European standard EN 301 893 covers 5.15–5.725 GHz operation, and v2.1.1 has been adopted.^[64] 6 GHz can now be used.^[65]

Austria

Austria adopted Decision 2005/513/EC directly into national law.^[66] The same restrictions as in Germany apply, only 5.470–5.725 GHz is allowed to be used outdoors and indoors.

Japan

Japan's use of 10 and 20 MHz-wide 5 GHz wireless channels is codified by Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (ARIB) document STD-T71, Broadband Mobile Access Communication System (CSMA).^[67] Additional rule specifications relating to 40, 80, and 160 MHz channel allocation has been taken on by Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).^[68]

Brazil

In Brazil, the use of TPC is required in the 5.150–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz bands is required, but devices without TPC are allowed with a reduction of 3 dB.^[69] DFS is required in the 5.250–5.350 GHz and 5.470–5.725 GHz bands, and optional in the 5.150–5.250 GHz band.^[70]

Australia

some of the Australian channels require DFS to be utilised (a significant change from the 2000 regulations, which allowed lower power operation without DFS). As per AS/NZS 4268 B1 and B2, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 MHz and 5470–5725 MHz bands shall implement DFS in accordance with sections 4.7 and 5.3.8 and Annex D of ETSI EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(2). Also as per AS/NZS 4268 B3 and B4, transmitters designed to operate in any part of 5250–5350 MHz and 5470–5725 MHz bands shall implement TPC in accordance with sections 4.4 and 5.3.4 of ETSI EN 301 893 or alternatively in accordance with FCC paragraph 15.407(h)(1).

New Zealand

New Zealand regulation differs from Australian.^[71]

Philippines

In the Philippines, the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) allows the use of 5150 MHz to 5350 MHz and 5470 MHz to 5850 MHz frequency bands indoors with an effective radiated power (ERP) not exceeding 250 mW. Indoor Wireless Data Network (WDN) equipment and devices shall not use external antenna. All outdoor equipment/radio station whether for private WDN or public WDN shall be covered by appropriate permits and licenses required under existing rules and regulations.^[72]

Singapore

Singapore regulation requires DFS and TPC to be used in the 5.250–5.350 GHz band to transmit more than 100 mW effective radiated power (EIRP), but no more than 200 mW, and requires DFS capability on 5.250–5.350 GHz below or equal to 100 mW EIRP, and requires DFS and TPC capabilities on 5.470–5.725 below or equal to 1000 mW EIRP. Operating 5.725–5.850 GHz above 1000 mW and below or equal to 4000 mW EIRP shall be approved on exceptional basis.

South Korea

In South Korea, the Ministry of Science and ICT has public notices. 신고하지 아니하고 개설할 수 있는 무선국용 무선설비의 기술기준, Technical standard for radio equipment for radio stations that can be opened without reporting. They allowed 160 MHz channel bandwidth from 2018 to 2016–27.^[73]

China

China MIIT expanded allowed channels to add UNII-1, 5150–5250 MHz, UNII-2, 5250–5350 MHz (DFS/TPC), similar to European standards EN 301.893 V1.7.1.^[74] China MIIT expanded allowed channels to add U-NII-3, 5725–5850 MHz.^[75]

Indonesia

Indonesia allows use of the band with maximum EIRP of and maximum bandwidth of, and the band with the same maximum EIRP and maximum bandwidth of for indoor use. Outdoors, use of the band with maximum EIRP of is allowed, with a maximum bandwidth of .^{[76] [77]}

India

In exercise of the powers conferred by sections 4 and 7 of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 (13 of 1885) and sections 4 and 10 of the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933 (17 of 1933) and in supersession of notification under G.S.R. 46(E), dated 28 January 2005 and notification under G.S.R. 36(E), dated 10 January 2007 and notification under G.S.R. 38(E), dated 19 January 2007, the Central Government made the rules, called the Use of Wireless Access System including Radio Local Area Network in 5 GHz band (Exemption from Licensing Requirement) Rules, 2018. The rules include criteria like 26 dB bandwidth of the modulated signal measured relative to the maximum level of the modulated carrier, the maximum power within the specified measurement bandwidth, within the device operating band; measurements in the 5725–5875 MHz band are made over a bandwidth of 500 kHz; measurements in the 5150–5250 MHz, 5250–5350 MHz, and 5470–5725 MHz bands are made over a bandwidth of 1 MHz or 26 dB emission bandwidth of the device. No licence shall be required under indoor and outdoor environment to establish, maintain, work, possess or deal in any wireless equipment for the purpose of low power wireless access systems. Transmitters operating in 5725–5875 MHz, all emissions within the frequency range from the band edge to 10 MHz above or below the band edge shall not exceed an EIRP of ; for frequencies 10 MHz or greater above or below the band edge, emission shall not exceed an EIRP of .^{[78] [79]}

5.9 GHz (802.11p)

The 802.11p amendment published on 15 July 2010, specifies WLAN in the licensed band of 5.9 GHz (5.850–5.925 GHz).

Channel	Center frequency (MHz)	Frequency range (MHz)	10 MHz	20 MHz	Band name	United States	United Kingdom	Europe	Japan
172	5860	5855–5865	10 <	--10 MHz-->	DSRC	rowspan=5
174	5870	5865–5875	10 <	--10 MHz-->
176	5880	5875–5885	10 <	--10 MHz-->
178	5890	5885–5895	10 <	--10 MHz-->
180	5900	5895–5905	10 <	--10 MHz-->
182	5910	5905–5915	10<	--10 MHz-->	<	--20 MHz-->	C-V2X	rowspan=9
183 (proposed)	5915	5905–5925	<	--10 MHz-->	20<	--20 MHz-->
184	5920	5915–5925	10<	--10 MHz-->	<	--20 MHz-->	rowspan=7
187	5935	5930–5940	10 <	--10 MHz-->	<	--20 MHz-->	rowspan=5
188	5940	5930–5950	<	--10 MHz-->	20 <	--20 MHz-->
189	5945	5940–5950	10 <	--10 MHz-->	<	--20 MHz-->
192	5960	5950–5970	<	--10 MHz-->	20 <	--20 MHz-->
196	5980	5970–5990	<	--10 MHz-->	20 <	--20 MHz-->

6 GHz (802.11ax and 802.11be)

The Wi-Fi Alliance has introduced the term Wi‑Fi 6E to identify and certify IEEE 802.11ax devices that support this new band, which is also used by Wi-Fi 7 (IEEE 802.11be).

20 MHz	(MHz)	Frequency range (MHz)<	-- ! style="text-align: center;"	20 MHz-->	Center Frequency Index<					-- ! style="text-align: center;"	40 MHz	80 MHz	160 MHz	320 MHz -->	United States FCC U-NII band(s)	United States	Canada	Europe, Japan, Russia, New Zealand^[80]	Australia, Greenland, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Mexico	Brazil^[81], Chile, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Peru, Saudi Arabia, South Korea	Colombia, Jordan, Qatar	Singapore, Hong Kong,^[82] Macao, Philippines
40 MHz	80 MHz	160 MHz	320 MHz
2	5935	5925–5945<	--	20 -->	U-NII-5		Proposed	rowspan=25
1	5955	5945–5965<	--	20 -->	3	7	15	31	rowspan=24
5	5975	5965–5985<	--	20 -->
9	5995	5985–6005<	--	20 -->	11
13	6015	6005–6025<	--	20 -->
17	6035	6025–6045<	--	20 -->	19	23
21	6055	6045–6065<	--	20 -->
25	6075	6065–6085<	--	20 -->	27
29	6095	6085–6105<	--	20 -->
33	6115	6105–6125<	--	20 -->	35	39	47		63
37	6135	6125–6145<	--	20 -->
41	6155	6145–6165<	--	20 -->	43
45	6175	6165–6185<	--	20 -->
49	6195	6185–6205<	--	20 -->	51	55
53	6215	6205–6225<	--	20 -->
57	6235	6225–6245<	--	20 -->	59
61	6255	6245–6265<	--	20 -->
65	6275	6265–6285<	--	20 -->	67	71	79	95
69	6295	6285–6305<	--	20 -->
73	6315	6305–6325<	--	20 -->	75
77	6335	6325–6345<	--	20 -->
81	6355	6345–6365<	--	20 -->	83	87
85	6375	6365–6385<	--	20 -->
89	6395	6385–6405<	--	20 -->	91
93	6415	6405–6425<	--	20 -->
97	6435	6425–6445<	--	20 -->	99	103	111		127	U-NII-6	Proposed	rowspan=35
101	6455	6445–6465<	--	20 -->
105	6475	6465–6485<	--	20 -->	107
109	6495	6485–6505<	--	20 -->
113	6515	6505–6525<	--	20 -->	115	119
117	6535	6525–6545<	--	20 -->					U-NII-7	rowspan=17
121	6555	6545–6565<	--	20 -->	123
125	6575	6565–6585<	--	20 -->
129	6595	6585–6605<	--	20 -->	131	135	143	159
133	6615	6605–6625<	--	20 -->
137	6635	6625–6645<	--	20 -->	139
141	6655	6645–6665<	--	20 -->
145	6675	6665–6685<	--	20 -->	147	151
149	6695	6685–6705<	--	20 -->
153	6715	6705–6725<	--	20 -->	155
157	6735	6725–6745<	--	20 -->
161	6755	6745–6765<	--	20 -->	163	167	175		191
165	6775	6765–6785<	--	20 -->
169	6795	6785–6805<	--	20 -->	171
173	6815	6805–6825<	--	20 -->
177	6835	6825–6845<	--	20 -->	179	183
181	6855	6845–6865<	--	20 -->
185	6875	6865–6885<	--	20 -->	187				U-NII-7/8	rowspan=13
189	6895	6885–6905<	--	20 -->					U-NII-8
193	6915	6905–6925<	--	20 -->	195	199	207	rowspan="11"
197	6935	6925–6945<	--	20 -->
201	6955	6945–6965<	--	20 -->	203
205	6975	6965–6985<	--	20 -->
209	6995	6985–7005<	--	20 -->	211	215
213	7015	7005–7025<	--	20 -->
217	7035	7025–7045<	--	20 -->	219
221	7055	7045–7065<	--	20 -->
225	7075	7065–7085<	--	20 -->	227	--160 MHz-->	rowspan="3"
229	7095	7085–7105<	--	20 -->
233	7115	7105–7125<	--	20 -->
	(MHz)	Frequency range (MHz)<	-- ! style="text-align: center;"	20 MHz -->	40 MHz	80 MHz	160 MHz	320 MHz	United States FCC U-NII band(s)	United States	Canada	Europe, Japan, Russia, New Zealand	Australia, Greenland, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, Mexico	Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Peru, Saudi Arabia, South Korea	Colombia, Jordan, Qatar	Singapore, Hong Kong, Macao, Philippines

Initialisms (precise definition below):

• LPI: low-power indoor
• VLP: very-low-power

United States

On 23 April 2020, the FCC voted on and ratified a Report and Order^{[83] [84]} to allocate 1.2 GHz of unlicensed spectrum in the 6 GHz band (5.925–7.125 GHz) for Wi-Fi use.

Standard power

USA 6 GHz standard-power channels

Band	20 MHz	40 MHz		80 MHz	160 MHz
U-NII-5	24	12		6	3
U-NII-6	Not allowed
U-NII-7	17	8		3	1
U-NII-8	Not Allowed
TOTAL	41	20		9	4

Standard-power access points are permitted indoors and outdoors at a maximum EIRP of 36 dBm in the U-NII-5 and U-NII-7 sub-bands with automatic frequency coordination (AFC).

Low-power indoor (LPI) operation

USA 6 GHz low-power indoor channels

Band	20 MHz	40 MHz	80 MHz	160 MHz	320 MHz
U-NII-5	24	12	6	3	1.5
U-NII-6	5	2.5	1.25	0.5	0.25
U-NII-7	17.5	8.75	4.25	2.25	1.125
U-NII-8	12.5	5.75	2.5	1.25	0.125
TOTAL	59	29	14	7	3

Note: Partial channels indicate channels that span UNII boundaries, which is permitted in 6 GHz LPI operation. Under the proposed channel numbers, the U-NII-7/U-NII-8 boundary is spanned by channels 185 (20 MHz), 187 (40 MHz), 183 (80 MHz), and 175 (160 MHz). The U-NII-6/U-NII-7 boundary is spanned by channels 115 (40 MHz), 119 (80 MHz), and channel 111 (160 MHz).

For use in indoor environments, access points are limited to a maximum EIRP of 30 dBm and a maximum power spectral density of 5 dBm/MHz. They can operate in this mode on all four U-NII bands (5,6,7,8) without the use of automatic frequency coordination. To help ensure they are used only indoors, these types of access points are not permitted to be connectorized for external antennas, weather-resistant, or run on battery power.

Very-low-power devices

The FCC may issue a ruling in the future on a third class of very low power devices such as hotspots and short-range applications.

Canada

In November 2020, the Innovation, Science and Economic Development (ISED) of Canada published "Consultation on the Technical and Policy Framework for Licence-Exempt Use in the 6 GHz Band".^[85] They proposed to allow licence-exempt operations in the 6 GHz spectrum for three classes of radio local area networks (RLANs):

Standard power

For indoor and outdoor use. Maximum EIRP of 36 dBm and maximum power spectral density (PSD) of 23 dBm/MHz. Should employ Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC) control.

Low-power indoor (LPI)

For indoor use only. Maximum EIRP of 30 dBm and maximum PSD of 5 dBm/MHz.

Very-low-power (VLP)

For indoor and outdoor use. Maximum EIRP of 14 dBm and maximum PSD of -8 dBm/MHz.

Europe

ECC Decision (20)01 from 20 November 2020^[86] allocated the frequency band from 5925 to 6425 MHz (corresponding to the US U-NII-5 band) for use by low-power indoor and very-low-power devices for Wireless Access Systems/Radio Local Area Networks (WAS/RLAN), with a portion specifically reserved for rail networks and intelligent transport systems.^[87]

United Kingdom

Since July 2020, the UK's Ofcom permitted unlicensed use of the lower 6 GHz band (5925 to 6425 MHz, corresponding to the US U-NII-5 band) by Low Power indoor and Very Low Power indoor and mobile Outdoor devices.^{[88] [89]}

Australia

In April 2021, Australia's ACMA opened consultations for the 6 GHz band. The lower 6 GHz band (5925 to 6425 MHz, corresponding to the US U-NII-5 band) was approved for 250 mW EIRP indoors and 25 mW outdoors on March 4, 2022.^[90] Further consideration is also being given to releasing the upper 6 GHz band (6425 to 7125 MHz) for WLAN use as well, although nothing has been officially proposed at this time.

Japan

In September 2022, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications announced amendments to the ministerial order and notices related to the Radio Act.^[91]

Low-power indoor (LPI)

For indoor use only. Maximum EIRP of 200 mW.

Very-low-power (VLP)

For indoor and outdoor use. Maximum EIRP of 25 mW.

Russia

In December 2022, Russian State Commission for Radio Frequencies authorised 6 GHz operation for low-power indoor (LPI) use with transmitter power control (TPC) limited to maximum EIRP of 200 mW and maximum PSD of 10 mW/MHz, and very low power (VLP) indoor and mobile outdoor use with maximum EIRP of 25 mW and maximum PSD of 1.3 mW/MHz.^[92]

Singapore^[93]

In May 2023, Singapore's IMDA will amend its Regulations to allocate the radio frequency spectrum 5,925 MHz – 6,425 MHz for Wi-Fi use in Singapore.

Philippines

On May 23, 2024, the Philippines' National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) is considering the use of 5925 MHz to 6425 MHz frequency bands indoors with an effective radiated power (ERP) not exceeding 250 mW and outdoors with an effective radiated power not exceeding 25 mW.^[94] On July 5, 2024, the NTC has released Memorandum Circular No. 002-07-2024, allowing 6 GHz Wi-Fi use, with the added restriction that the use on unmanned aircraft systems is prohibited.^[95]

45 GHz (802.11aj)

The 802.11aj standards, also known as WiGig, operate in the spectrum.

60 GHz (802.11ad/aj/ay)

The 802.11ad/aj/ay standards, also known as WiGig, operate in the V band unlicensed ISM band spectrum.

Indonesia

Indonesia allows the use of the band with maximum EIRP of, and maximum bandwidth of, for indoor use.^{[96] [97]}

See also

• 2.4 GHz radio use
• High-speed multimedia radio

Notes and References

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