| Official Name: | White Pigeon, Michigan |
| Settlement Type: | Village |
| Mapsize: | 250px |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | United States |
| Subdivision Type1: | State |
| Subdivision Name1: | Michigan |
| Subdivision Type2: | County |
| Subdivision Name2: | St. Joseph |
| Area Footnotes: | [1] |
| Area Total Km2: | 3.69 |
| Area Land Km2: | 3.65 |
| Area Water Km2: | 0.04 |
| Area Total Sq Mi: | 1.43 |
| Area Land Sq Mi: | 1.41 |
| Area Water Sq Mi: | 0.02 |
| Population As Of: | 2020 |
| Population Total: | 1718 |
| Population Density Km2: | 470.72 |
| Population Density Sq Mi: | 1219.30 |
| Timezone: | Eastern (EST) |
| Utc Offset: | -5 |
| Timezone Dst: | EDT |
| Utc Offset Dst: | -4 |
| Elevation M: | 249 |
| Elevation Ft: | 817 |
| Coordinates: | 41.7975°N -85.6431°W |
| Blank Name: | FIPS code |
| Blank Info: | 26-86920[2] |
| Blank1 Name: | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 Info: | 1625017[3] |
| Unit Pref: | Imperial |
White Pigeon is a village in St. Joseph County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,718 at the 2020 census. The village is located within White Pigeon Township. Its also located along Michigan's border with Indiana.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.41sqmi, of which 1.39sqmi is land and 0.02sqmi is water.[4] The Pigeon River flows through the south end of town, emptying into the St. Joseph River that flows to Lake Michigan.
White Pigeon is served by Michigan Southern Railroad, which has its main yard complex in town, and Grand Elk Railroad to the west of town.
White Pigeon was incorporated by European Americans in 1837.[5] [6] The United States Land Office, located in downtown White Pigeon, is the oldest surviving U.S. Land office in the state of Michigan.[7] Following the cession of Native American lands in this area by leaders of regional tribes, the U.S. government sold more than 250,000 acres of land in Michigan for $1.25 an acre in the 1830s to settlers of Western Michigan.
The town was named after the local Potawatomi chief Wahbememe, which means White Pigeon. He was buried in the town, with a memorial stone marking his grave. This gravesite is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[8] [9]
According to legend, while he was at the gathering of the chiefs in Detroit, Wahbememe heard plans to attack the settlement which is now White Pigeon. The chief was a friend to the white settlers and did not want to see harm come to them, so he set out on foot and ran almost 150 miles to the settlement to warn the people. After running that long distance and giving his warning, he collapsed and soon died from exhaustion.
As of the census[10] of 2010, there were 1,522 people, 621 households, and 383 families residing in the village. The population density was 1095PD/sqmi. There were 724 housing units at an average density of 520.9/sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 93.3% White, 0.3% African American, 0.9% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 2.6% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.2% of the population.
There were 621 households, of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.4% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.3% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.02.
The median age in the village was 37.1 years. 27.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.5% were from 45 to 64; and 15.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.0% male and 53.0% female.
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,627 people, 602 households, and 431 families residing in the village. The population density was 1157.8sp=usNaNsp=us. There were 640 housing units at an average density of 455.4sp=usNaNsp=us. The racial makeup of the village was 94.59% White, 0.18% African American, 1.11% Native American, 0.55% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 2.03% from other races, and 1.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.58% of the population.
There were 602 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.2% were married couples living together, 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.4% were non-families. 21.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.13.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.2 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $41,292, and the median income for a family was $43,182. Males had a median income of $32,470 versus $21,327 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,895. About 10.5% of families and 13.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.1% of those under age 18 and 1.8% of those age 65 or over.