| Group: | White British |
| Population: |  United Kingdom: 50,858,508 – 76.0% (2021/22 Census): 41,540,791 – 73.5% (2021)[1] : 4,737,319 – 87.1% (2022)[2] : 2,814,427 – 90.9% (2021) Northern Ireland: 1,765,971 – 92.8% (2021)[3] |
| Langs: | Predominantly English Also: Welsh, Scottish Gaelic, Irish, Scots, Ulster Scots, Cornish, Manx, British Sign Language |
| Rels: | Predominantly Christianity (50.3%); minority follows other faiths (1.0%) or are irreligious (42.8%) 2021 census, NI, England and Wales only[4] [5] |
White British is an ethnicity classification used for the indigenous White population identifying as English, Scottish, Welsh, Cornish, Northern Irish, or British in the United Kingdom Census. In the 2011 census, the White British population was 49,997,686, 81.5% of Great Britain's total population. For the United Kingdom entirely, due to different reporting measures within Northern Ireland which includes all those who identified as British with those who identified as Irish, an amalgamated total of 52,320,080 including those who identified as White Irish in Great Britain is given making up 82.8% of the population.[6] [7] [8]
For the 2011 census, in England and Wales, the White self-classification option included a subcategory of "English/Welsh/Scottish/Northern Irish/British".[9] [10] In Scotland, the White category included "Scottish" and "Other British" options.[11] In Northern Ireland, the White British classification did not appear, the only choice being 'White'.[12]
The 2011 census for England, Wales and Scotland also included additional White ethnic classifications of White Irish, White Gypsy/Irish Traveller and White Other. There were calls for the 2011 national census in England and Wales to include an extra subcategory so people could identify their ethnic group as Cornish.[13] [14]
The White British census classification have their ages more evenly distributed in their population pyramid and have the highest per cent female population of all ethnic-based classifications. The following numbers were based on the 2011 census conducted in each country. In England and Wales, about per cent of the White British classification are between the ages of 16 and 64 while about per cent are under 16 and per cent are over 64. All other census classifications have a higher percentage of their population under 16 and a lower percentage over 64. Of those aged 65 or over, White British are per cent male and per cent female, making them have the lowest per cent male population among all census classifications defined as "ethnic" in the census.[15]
In Scotland, about per cent of the White British classification are between the ages of 16 and 64 while about per cent are under 16 and per cent are over 64. Of those aged 65 or over, White British are per cent male and per cent female, the same percentages as in England and Wales.[16]
In Northern Ireland, about per cent of the White classification are between the ages of 16 and 24 while about per cent are under 16 and per cent are over 24. Of those aged 25 or over, white people are per cent male and per cent female.[17]
According to the 2011 UK Census results, White British people made up the largest percentage of the population in rural areas, such as Allerdale (99.4%) and Copeland (99.3%) in Cumbria, Ryedale (99.4%) in North Yorkshire, North Norfolk (99.2%) and North Devon (99%). Cities across the UK regions with high White British populations included Swansea (91.5%), Kingston Upon Hull (89.7%), Plymouth (92.2%), Darlington (93.7%), Belfast (96.4% - NI classification "white"),[18] Norwich (84.7%), Liverpool (84.8%) and Chelmsford (90.0%). The highest unitary authority with a White British proportion was Redcar and Cleveland (97.6%) followed by Northumberland (97.2%), Hartlepool and County Durham (both 96.6%). The highest county was Lincolnshire (93%) followed by Nottinghamshire, Norfolk and Worcestershire, all above 92%. Within the London region, Havering had the highest White British percentage with 83.3%, followed by Bromley with 77.4%, Bexley with 77.3% and Richmond upon Thames with 71.4%.
Since the 2011 UK Census was returned, London contained by far the lowest percentage of English and other White British people of all the UK regions, where they made up less than half of the population in 24 of the 32 boroughs, including: Newham (16.7%), Brent (18.0%), Ealing (30.4%), Harrow (30.9%), Tower Hamlets (31.2%), Westminster (35.2%) and Hackney (36.2%). Despite this, the White British population in London was still higher in numbers than the entirety of Wales or Northern Ireland, owing to London's high overall population. The city with the lowest White British population as a percentage was Leicester (45.1%) - also the only city below 50% without counting Westminster - while the lowest for unitary authorities was Slough (34.5%), followed by Luton (44.6%). The local ward with the lowest percentage was Southall Broadway in Ealing (3.5%), followed by Southall Green in Ealing; Green Street East, Green Street West, and East Ham North, all in Newham, which were the only wards below five per cent.
| Year | |||||||
| 2001[19] [20] [21] | 2011 | 2021[22] [23] [24] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | Number | Percentage | ||
| Northern Ireland | 1,670,988 | 99.1% | 1,738,604 | 97.7% | 1,765,971 | 92.8% | |
| 4,832,756 | 95.4% | 4,863,000 | 91.9% | 4,737,319 | 87.1% | ||
| 2,786,605 | 96% | 2,855,450 | 93.2% | 2,814,427 | 90.9% | ||
| 42,747,136 | 87% | 42,279,236 | 79.8% | 41,540,791 | 73.5% | ||
| North East England | 2,425,592 | 96.4% | 2,431,423 | 93.6% | 2,397,557 | 90.6% | |
| South West England | 4,701,602 | 95.3% | 4,855,676 | 91.8% | 5,008,149 | 87.8% | |
| North West England | 6,203,043 | 92.1% | 6,141,069 | 87.1% | 6,019,385 | 81.2% | |
| Yorkshire and the Humber | 4,551,394 | 91.6% | 4,531,137 | 85.8% | 4,431,265 | 80.9% | |
| East of England | 4,927,343 | 91.4% | 4,986,170 | 85.3% | 4,972,149 | 78.5% | |
| East Midlands | 3,807,731 | 91.2% | 3,871,146 | 85.4% | 3,882,390 | 79.6% | |
| South East England | 7,304,678 | 91.3% | 7,358,998 | 85.2% | 7,315,058 | 78.8% | |
| West Midlands | 4,537,892 | 86.1% | 4,434,333 | 79.2% | 4,275,557 | 71.8% | |
| Greater London | 4,287,861 | 59.7% | 3,669,284 | 44.9% | 3,239,281 | 36.8% | |
| Overall in the United Kingdom: | 52,728,717(50,366,497) | 89.7%(88.2%) | 52,320,080(49,997,686) | 82.8%(81.5%) | 50,858,508(49,092,537) | 76.0%(75.5%) | |
| Local Authority District (England and Wales) | 2021[25] | |
|---|---|---|
| Total | % | |
| 92,981 | 96.7 | |
| 64,851 | 96.7 | |
| 92,567 | 96.6 | |
| 131,789 | 96.5 | |
| 66,339 | 96.3 | |
| 169,356 | 96.2 | |
| 308,015 | 96.1 | |
| 65,452 | 96.1 | |
| Barrow-in-Furness | 64,485 | 95.7 |
| 97,657 | 95.7 | |
| 107,171 | 95.7 | |
| 136,036 | 95.6 | |
| 98,403 | 95.6 | |
| 86,678 | 95.6 | |
| 63,990 | 95.6 | |
| 68,326 | 95.5 | |
| 87,873 | 95.2 | |
| 226,123 | 95.1 | |
| 87,761 | 95.0 | |
| 119,934 | 95.0 | |
| 51,963 | 95.0 | |
| 135,111 | 95.0 | |
| 127,937 | 94.9 | |
| 54,196 | 94.9 | |
| 126,357 | 94.9 | |
| 51,891 | 94.8 | |
| 86,183 | 94.8 | |
| County Durham | 494,638 | 94.7 |
| 82,401 | 94.7 | |
| 116,816 | 94.7 | |
| 137,755 | 94.7 | |
| 323,838 | 94.6 | |
| 89,964 | 94.5 | |
| 95,019 | 94.5 | |
| 90,470 | 94.4 | |
| 92,944 | 94.3 | |
| 111,304 | 94.3 | |
| 53,690 | 94.3 | |
| 142,011 | 94.2 | |
| 83,481 | 94.2 | |
| 87,566 | 94.2 | |
| 57,916 | 94.1 | |
| 107,926 | 94.1 | |
| 62,268 | 94.0 | |
| 96,581 | 94.0 | |
| 176,673 | 94.0 | |
| Dorset | 356,270 | 93.9 |
| Selby | 86,380 | 93.9 |
| 131,697 | 93.8 | |
| 97,960 | 93.8 | |
| 77,699 | 93.8 | |
| 80,339 | 93.8 | |
| 1,926 | 93.7 | |
| 101,848 | 93.7 | |
| 120,301 | 93.6 | |
| 533,882 | 93.6 | |
| 123,265 | 93.6 | |
| 86,418 | 93.6 | |
| 171,546 | 93.6 | |
| 138,604 | 93.5 | |
| Shropshire | 301,918 | 93.3 |
| 74,852 | 93.3 | |
| 74,197 | 93.3 | |
| Gwynedd | 109,548 | 93.3 |
| 54,916 | 93.3 | |
| Havant | 115,732 | 93.2 |
| 163,847 | 93.2 | |
| North Warwickshire | 60,598 | 93.2 |
| Flintshire | 144,356 | 93.2 |
| Chesterfield | 96,392 | 93.1 |
| Fylde | 75,793 | 93.1 |
| East Suffolk | 229,063 | 93.1 |
| Chorley | 109,449 | 93.0 |
| South Tyneside | 137,429 | 93.0 |
| Melton | 48,064 | 92.9 |
| Sunderland | 254,655 | 92.9 |
| Fareham | 106,212 | 92.8 |
| South Ribble | 103,089 | 92.8 |
| West Lancashire | 108,998 | 92.8 |
| Carlisle | 102,004 | 92.7 |
| North East Lincolnshire | 145,362 | 92.6 |
| Castle Point | 82,997 | 92.6 |
| Barnsley | 226,488 | 92.6 |
| Erewash | 104,400 | 92.5 |
| Gosport | 75,763 | 92.5 |
| Richmondshire | 46,027 | 92.5 |
| Wyre Forest | 93,961 | 92.5 |
| North Tyneside | 193,303 | 92.5 |
| Stroud | 111,896 | 92.4 |
| Knowsley | 142,698 | 92.4 |
| Wirral | 295,967 | 92.4 |
| South Staffordshire | 101,832 | 92.2 |
| Torbay | 128,375 | 92.1 |
| North West Leicestershire | 96,430 | 92.1 |
| Cotswold | 83,545 | 92.0 |
| Bassetlaw | 108,338 | 92.0 |
| Lichfield | 97,952 | 92.0 |
| Vale of Glamorgan | 121,371 | 92.0 |
| Ceredigion | 65,674 | 91.9 |
| Wealden | 146,968 | 91.8 |
| South Norfolk | 130,292 | 91.8 |
| Ashfield | 115,972 | 91.8 |
| Mendip | 106,608 | 91.8 |
| Wigan | 302,482 | 91.8 |
| Sefton | 256,327 | 91.8 |
| Rother | 85,362 | 91.7 |
| South Somerset | 158,325 | 91.7 |
| Cheshire West and Chester | 325,620 | 91.2 |
| Sedgemoor | 114,340 | 91.2 |
| Herefordshire, County of | 170,419 | 91.1 |
| Rutland | 37,372 | 91.0 |
| Newark and Sherwood | 111,939 | 91.0 |
| Tamworth | 71,456 | 90.9 |
| Hinckley and Bosworth | 103,225 | 90.8 |
| Harrogate | 147,479 | 90.7 |
| Wrexham | 122,547 | 90.7 |
| Wychavon | 120,048 | 90.6 |
| East Hampshire | 113,814 | 90.5 |
| South Kesteven | 129,741 | 90.5 |
| Somerset West and Taunton | 142,560 | 90.5 |
| Blackpool | 127,445 | 90.4 |
| North Somerset | 195,915 | 90.4 |
| Braintree | 140,283 | 90.4 |
| Rossendale | 64,073 | 90.4 |
| Bromsgrove | 89,676 | 90.4 |
| Stockton-on-Tees | 177,526 | 90.3 |
| Darlington | 97,320 | 90.3 |
| Tewkesbury | 85,720 | 90.3 |
| Dover | 105,111 | 90.3 |
| Gateshead | 177,131 | 90.3 |
| Wiltshire | 459,594 | 90.1 |
| South Derbyshire | 96,634 | 90.1 |
| Stratford-on-Avon | 121,330 | 90.1 |
| Chichester | 111,822 | 90.1 |
| Newcastle-under-Lyme | 110,947 | 90.0 |
| Stafford | 123,203 | 90.0 |
| Cheshire East | 357,337 | 89.6 |
| Plymouth | 236,802 | 89.5 |
| West Oxfordshire | 101,648 | 89.0 |
| Lewes | 88,830 | 88.9 |
| Uttlesford | 81,245 | 88.9 |
| Great Yarmouth | 88,663 | 88.9 |
| Adur | 57,390 | 88.9 |
| King's Lynn and West Norfolk | 136,966 | 88.8 |
| North Lincolnshire | 150,554 | 88.7 |
| Breckland | 125,516 | 88.7 |
| Arun | 146,178 | 88.7 |
| Swale | 134,385 | 88.6 |
| Tonbridge and Malling | 116,787 | 88.3 |
| Rotherham | 234,613 | 88.3 |
| Wakefield | 311,634 | 88.2 |
| Warrington | 185,940 | 88.1 |
| Eastleigh | 120,242 | 88.1 |
| Winchester | 112,304 | 88.1 |
| Horsham | 129,348 | 88.1 |
| Test Valley | 114,873 | 88.0 |
| Folkestone and Hythe | 96,590 | 88.0 |
| Lancaster | 125,552 | 87.8 |
| Harborough | 85,474 | 87.6 |
| Swansea | 208,703 | 87.5 |
| York | 176,963 | 87.3 |
| Thanet | 122,796 | 87.3 |
| Mansfield | 96,475 | 87.3 |
| Hart | 86,414 | 86.9 |
| Waverley | 111,321 | 86.8 |
| Doncaster | 266,879 | 86.6 |
| East Cambridgeshire | 75,897 | 86.5 |
| Rushcliffe | 102,479 | 86.1 |
| Fenland | 88,028 | 85.9 |
| South Gloucestershire | 249,160 | 85.8 |
| South Oxfordshire | 127,890 | 85.8 |
| Mole Valley | 74,983 | 85.8 |
| Mid Sussex | 130,971 | 85.8 |
| Bath and North East Somerset | 165,478 | 85.6 |
| West Berkshire | 138,253 | 85.6 |
| Sevenoaks | 103,116 | 85.6 |
| Gedling | 100,367 | 85.6 |
| Huntingdonshire | 154,089 | 85.2 |
| Hastings | 77,418 | 85.1 |
| Worthing | 94,680 | 85.0 |
| East Hertfordshire | 127,245 | 84.7 |
| Broxtowe | 93,718 | 84.5 |
| South Holland | 80,244 | 84.4 |
| Tunbridge Wells | 97,049 | 84.2 |
| Kingston upon Hull, City of | 223,962 | 83.9 |
| Central Bedfordshire | 245,769 | 83.5 |
| Tandridge | 73,343 | 83.5 |
| Stockport | 245,831 | 83.4 |
| Cheltenham | 98,932 | 83.3 |
| Vale of White Horse | 115,517 | 83.2 |
| Chelmsford | 150,758 | 83.1 |
| Telford and Wrekin | 153,936 | 83.0 |
| Exeter | 108,095 | 82.7 |
| Brentwood | 63,696 | 82.7 |
| Lincoln | 85,891 | 82.7 |
| Worcester | 85,868 | 82.7 |
| Calderdale | 170,983 | 82.7 |
| Ashford | 109,673 | 82.6 |
| Canterbury | 129,887 | 82.5 |
| Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole | 329,609 | 82.4 |
| Redditch | 71,742 | 82.4 |
| Tameside | 190,305 | 82.4 |
| Dudley | 266,564 | 82.4 |
| Blaby | 84,746 | 82.3 |
| West Suffolk | 147,935 | 82.2 |
| Eastbourne | 83,465 | 82.1 |
| Basildon | 154,045 | 82.1 |
| Maidstone | 144,114 | 82.0 |
| Basingstoke and Deane | 151,572 | 81.9 |
| Nuneaton and Bedworth | 109,807 | 81.8 |
| Southend-on-Sea | 147,442 | 81.6 |
| North Hertfordshire | 108,298 | 81.3 |
| Colchester | 155,488 | 80.7 |
| North Northamptonshire | 289,274 | 80.5 |
| Newport | 128,245 | 80.4 |
| South Cambridgeshire | 128,985 | 79.6 |
| Hyndburn | 65,471 | 79.6 |
| Middlesbrough | 114,421 | 79.5 |
| Dacorum | 122,107 | 78.7 |
| Stoke-on-Trent | 202,906 | 78.5 |
| Medway | 218,953 | 78.3 |
| East Staffordshire | 97,019 | 78.2 |
| Bury | 151,528 | 78.2 |
| Gloucester | 103,317 | 78.0 |
| Burnley | 73,752 | 77.9 |
| Charnwood | 143,345 | 77.9 |
| Cherwell | 125,422 | 77.9 |
| Surrey Heath | 70,473 | 77.9 |
| Solihull | 168,398 | 77.9 |
| Bracknell Forest | 96,950 | 77.8 |
| Portsmouth | 161,664 | 77.7 |
| Norwich | 111,623 | 77.6 |
| Guildford | 111,076 | 77.3 |
| Liverpool | 375,785 | 77.3 |
| Reigate and Banstead | 115,949 | 76.9 |
| Warwick | 112,650 | 75.9 |
| Epping Forest | 101,994 | 75.6 |
| Stevenage | 67,394 | 75.3 |
| West Northamptonshire | 319,509 | 75.1 |
| Rugby | 85,684 | 74.9 |
| Ipswich | 104,208 | 74.6 |
| Boston | 52,540 | 74.5 |
| Sheffield | 414,698 | 74.5 |
| Newcastle upon Tyne | 223,567 | 74.5 |
| Swindon | 173,231 | 74.2 |
| Elmbridge | 102,867 | 74.1 |
| Salford | 199,614 | 74.0 |
| Brighton and Hove | 204,831 | 73.9 |
| Cardiff | 266,533 | 73.6 |
| St Albans | 108,962 | 73.5 |
| Leeds | 595,737 | 73.4 |
| Harlow | 67,993 | 72.9 |
| Wokingham | 129,087 | 72.7 |
| Buckinghamshire | 401,489 | 72.6 |
| Runnymede | 63,965 | 72.6 |
| Trafford | 169,550 | 72.1 |
| Bristol, City of | 338,452 | 71.6 |
| Rushmoor | 70,917 | 71.1 |
| Kirklees | 305,579 | 70.5 |
| Rochdale | 156,669 | 70.0 |
| Epsom and Ewell | 56,136 | 69.4 |
| Spelthorne | 71,261 | 69.2 |
| Windsor and Maidenhead | 105,991 | 69.1 |
| Bolton | 203,486 | 68.8 |
| Broxbourne | 67,891 | 68.6 |
| Gravesham | 73,030 | 68.3 |
| Southampton | 169,481 | 68.1 |
| Three Rivers | 63,706 | 67.9 |
| Walsall | 191,529 | 67.4 |
| Dartford | 78,557 | 67.3 |
| Woking | 69,911 | 67.3 |
| Welwyn Hatfield | 80,551 | 67.2 |
| Bromley | 219,493 | 66.5 |
| Havering | 174,232 | 66.5 |
| Derby | 173,077 | 66.2 |
| Thurrock | 116,430 | 66.2 |
| Pendle | 63,320 | 66.1 |
| Preston | 97,715 | 66.1 |
| Oldham | 157,914 | 65.2 |
| Bexley | 158,842 | 64.4 |
| Bedford | 118,779 | 64.1 |
| Hertsmere | 68,032 | 63.1 |
| Richmond upon Thames | 123,093 | 63.0 |
| Milton Keynes | 178,568 | 62.2 |
| Crawley | 73,178 | 61.8 |
| Oadby and Wigston | 34,512 | 59.8 |
| Peterborough | 128,353 | 59.5 |
| Nottingham | 185,580 | 57.3 |
| Sutton | 120,014 | 57.2 |
| Blackburn with Darwen | 87,997 | 56.9 |
| Bradford | 309,912 | 56.7 |
| Coventry | 190,889 | 55.3 |
| Wolverhampton | 144,303 | 54.7 |
| Kingston upon Thames | 90,288 | 53.7 |
| Reading | 93,167 | 53.5 |
| Oxford | 86,672 | 53.5 |
| Cambridge | 77,195 | 53.0 |
| Sandwell | 177,929 | 52.1 |
| Manchester | 268,572 | 48.7 |
| Wandsworth | 157,048 | 48.0 |
| Watford | 46,820 | 45.8 |
| Birmingham | 491,211 | 42.9 |
| City of London | 3,649 | 42.5 |
| Greenwich | 119,665 | 41.4 |
| Merton | 88,673 | 41.2 |
| Islington | 86,092 | 39.7 |
| Hammersmith and Fulham | 70,105 | 38.3 |
| Lambeth | 119,395 | 37.6 |
| Croydon | 146,268 | 37.4 |
| Lewisham | 111,726 | 37.2 |
| Hillingdon | 113,377 | 37.1 |
| Barnet | 140,777 | 36.2 |
| Southwark | 109,253 | 35.5 |
| Camden | 74,348 | 35.4 |
| Waltham Forest | 94,766 | 34.0 |
| Hackney | 87,927 | 33.9 |
| Leicester | 122,395 | 33.2 |
| Kensington and Chelsea | 46,883 | 32.7 |
| Haringey | 84,298 | 31.9 |
| Luton | 71,532 | 31.8 |
| Enfield | 103,140 | 31.3 |
| Barking and Dagenham | 67,550 | 30.9 |
| Hounslow | 81,933 | 28.4 |
| Westminster | 57,162 | 28.0 |
| Ealing | 89,265 | 24.3 |
| Slough | 38,101 | 24.0 |
| Redbridge | 71,844 | 23.2 |
| Tower Hamlets | 71,177 | 22.9 |
| Harrow | 53,567 | 20.5 |
| Brent | 51,611 | 15.2 |
| Newham | 51,819 | 14.8 |
| Total | ||
| 44,355,218 | 74.4% | |
| School year[26] | |||
| 2021/2022 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | ||
| White Total | 6,011,045 | 71.4% | |
| White: British | 5,379,748 | 63.9% | |
| Year | |||||||||
| 2005[27] | 2011 | 2015 | 2019 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | ||
| White Total | 451,514 | 69.5%(80.3%) | 536,021 | 74.49% | 507,829 | 72.29% | 452,248 | 70.67% | |
| White: British | 418,052 | 64.4%(75.2%) | 476,328 | 66.19% | 432,114 | 62.05% | 374,056 | 58.45% | |
| Not Stated | 70,303 | 10.8% | 22,848 | 3.17% | 22,041 | 3.16% | 25,578 | 4.00% | |
The 2021 census for England and Wales recorded a population of over 43.20 million White British born in the United Kingdom, representing the main birthplace of the majority (97.4%) of those who identified as White British. The remaining 1.15 million White British residing in England and Wales were born in countries outside of the United Kingdom. The most common countries of birth were Germany (149,838), South Africa (101,425), Poland (73,685), Romania (63,101) and the United States (59,036).[28]
According to official UK Government figures from 2016, the employment rate for White British people stood at 75%, with the overall employment rate in the UK standing at 74%.[29] UK Government figures also demonstrate that 31% of White British people work in professional and managerial occupations, higher than the Mixed (30%), Pakistani/Bangladeshi (27%) and Black (25%) groups, but lower than the Indian ethnic group (43%).[30]
At GCSE level, official UK Government statistics state that 63% of White British pupils attained A* to C grades in English and Mathematics in the 2015–16 academic year, higher than Black Caribbean (51%) and Pakistani (58%) pupils, but lower than Bangladeshi (67%), Indian (77%) and Chinese (83%) pupils.[31] According to a report by the Sutton Trust, "White working class pupils achieve the lowest grades at GCSE of any main ethnic group, with just a quarter of boys and a third of girls achieving 5 good GCSEs."[32] At A-Level, in the 2015–16 academic year, 11% of White British pupils achieved at least 3 'A' grades at A-Level; the only major ethnic groups to achieve the same benchmark at a higher rate were Indian (14%) and Chinese (24%) pupils.[33]
According to Department for Education statistics for the 2020-21 academic year, White British pupils attained slightly below the national average for academic performance at both A-Level and GCSE. 25.9% of White British pupils achieved at least 3 As at A Level[34] and an average score of 50.2 was achieved in Attainment 8 scoring at GCSE level.[35] White British pupils eligible for free school meals, a measurement of socioeconomic status, are found to be the largest disadvantaged group in education across the early years, GCSE performance and access to higher education.[36] Since 2007, out of all ethnicities aged 18 years old who have received a state education, white pupils have had the lowest rate of entry into higher education and have also seen the lowest rate of increase, from 21.8% in 2007 to 33.3% in 2021. For comparison, 72.1% of Chinese pupils and 48.6% of Black pupils gained a higher education place in the same year.[37]
| Percentage of students getting at least 3 A grades at A level (2020/21) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ethnic Group | % | |
| Chinese | 42.2 | |
| Indian | 33.2 | |
| All ethnic groups (average) | 28.9 | |
| White (including White British) | 26.0 | |
| Mixed | 25.8 | |
| Bangladeshi | 21.4 | |
| Pakistani | 17.7 | |
| Black | 16.5 | |
| Gypsy/Roma | 10.8 | |
| Average GCSE Attainment 8 score (out of 90.0) (2020/21) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ethnic group | Score | |
| Chinese | 69.2 | |
| Indian | 62.0 | |
| Bangladeshi | 55.6 | |
| Mixed | 51.3 | |
| All ethnic groups (average) | 50.9 | |
| Pakistani | 50.5 | |
| White (including White British) | 50.2 | |
| Black | 50.0 | |
| Gypsy/Roma | 22.7 | |
| Percentage of pupils getting a grade 5 or above in English and maths GCSE (2020/21)[38] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ethnic group | % | |
| Chinese | 83.8 | |
| Indian | 72.4 | |
| Bangladeshi | 60.6 | |
| All ethnic groups (average) | 51.9 | |
| Mixed | 51.5 | |
| White (including White British) | 50.9 | |
| Pakistani | 50.3 | |
| Black | 48.9 | |
| Gypsy/Roma | 9.1 | |
See main article: Religion in the United Kingdom. Statistically, White British are more likely to be Christian than other ethnic-based classifications. According to the 2011 UK Census, White British are 64% Christian in England and Wales, mostly Anglican in England, while the percentage for all groups is about 59%. The percentage of White British who are Christians is lower in Scotland, at 55% (mainly Presbyterian there), whereas at least 54% of all Scots are Christian. The British country with the highest percentage is Northern Ireland, where white people are 94% Christian, while 93% of all usual residents are. About 27% of the White British population in England and Wales, and 36% in Scotland reported having "no religion". In Northern Ireland, the lowest percentage of white people who reported "no religion" in the census is about 5%. The 27% and 36% per cent figures for "no religion" are about the same for all groups. About 7% of the White British in England and Wales, and Scotland declined to state any religion.[39] [40] [41]
| Religion | England and Wales | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001[42] | 2011 | 2021[43] | |||||
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | ||
| Christianity | 34,576,389 | 75.9% | 28,738,688 | 63.7% | 21,747,631 | 49.0% | |
| No religion | 7,033,407 | 15.4% | 12,624,325 | 28% | 19,480,022 | 43.9% | |
| Judaism | 218,324 | 0.5% | 202,600 | 0.4% | 181,738 | 0.4% | |
| Islam | 63,042 | 0.1% | 77,272 | 0.2% | 90,939 | 0.2% | |
| Buddhism | 50,408 | 0.1% | 72,423 | 0.2% | 74,908 | 0.2% | |
| Hinduism | 5,820 | 0.0% | 6,909 | 0.0% | 5,145 | 0.0% | |
| Sikhism | 6,192 | 0.0% | 5,417 | 0.0% | 2,616 | 0.0% | |
| Not Stated | 3,471,290 | 7.6% | 3,238,911 | 7.2% | 2,575,113 | 5.8% | |
| Other religions | 108,869 | 0.2% | 168,141 | 0.4% | 196,926 | 0.4% | |
| Total | 45,533,741 | 100% | 45,134,686 | 100% | 44,355,038 | 100% | |