Voiced labial–velar implosive explained

Above:	Voiced labial-velar implosive
Ipa Symbol:	ɠ͡ɓ
Ipa Symbol2:	ɡ͡ɓ

The voiced labial–velar implosive is a rare type of consonantal sound. It occurs in a few African languages, including the Central dialect of Igbo, Lese,^[1] and Ma'di.

Features

Features of the voiced labial–velar implosive:

Occurrence

Language	Dialect	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Igbo	Central	Igbo: '''Gb'''úó yá.	pronounced as /[ɠ͜ɓúó ꜜjá]/	'Kill it!'	Corresponds to pronounced as /link/ in Standard Igbo.
Lese		pronounced as /[eɠ͜ɓe]/		'in'	Has an allophone pronounced as /link/.
Ma'di^[2]		'gbá	pronounced as /[ɠ͜ɓà]/	'to pick or pluck leaves'	Has an allophone pronounced as /[ɓʷ]/.

References

• Book: Clark , Mary M. . 1990. The Tonal System of Igbo. Foris Publications. Dordrecht. 10.1515/9783110869095. 9783110130416.
• Demolin. Didier. Teston. Bernard. Phonetic characteristics of double articulations in some Mangbutu-Efe languages. Eurospeech '97, 5th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology. Rhodes, Greece. September 1997. 803–806. hal-00239376. 1018-4074.
• Book: Güldemann , Tom . The Languages and Linguistics of Africa. 2018. Walter de Gruyter. 978-3-11-042175-0.

pronounced as /navigation/

Notes and References

1. Book: Vorbichler, Anton . Die Phonologie und Morphologie des Balese (Ituri-Urwald, Kongo) . 1965 . J.J. Augustin . de.
2. Book: Blackings, Mairi . A Grammar of Ma'di . Fabb . Nigel . 2011-07-22 . Walter de Gruyter . 978-3-11-089496-7 . 27-28 . en.