The United States National Professional Road Race Championships began in 1985. They are run by the governing body, USA Cycling. Until 2006 the race was open to all nationalities, the first American to finish being named the winner and given a distinctive jersey. Since the championship in Greenville, South Carolina, in 2006, all riders have had to be American.
Before 1985, only the amateur champions were named.From 1921 to 1964, the Amateur Bicycle League of America (ABLA) National Championships were held as an omnium of track-style events for Men, Women, and Juniors, rather than as a road race. In 1964 the American Cycling Newsletter (later Bicycling) reported the results of a Flemington, NJ race as the national road racing championships, but these results do not appear in the USA Cycling list of winners.
| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |
| 1964[1] | Bill Ennis | Harry Morton | ||
| 1965[2] | Stuart Baillie | John Allis | ||
| 1966 | ||||
| 1967 | ||||
| 1968 | Jim Van Boven | |||
| 1969[3] | Bill Kund | Dennis Deppe | ||
| 1970[4] | ||||
| 1971[5] | Alan Scholz | Bob Tetzlaff | ||
| 1972 | Bob Schneider | |||
| 1973 | Rick Ball | |||
| 1974 | Dave Chauner | |||
| 1975 | Marc Thompson | |||
| 1976[6] | Tom Schuler | |||
| 1977[7] | David Ware | |||
| 1978[8] | Rudolph Sroka | |||
| 1979[9] | Dave Ware | |||
| 1980[10] | Jeff Bradley | |||
| 1981[11] | Jeff Bradley | |||
| 1982 | Tom Schuler | |||
| 1983[12] | Doug Shapiro | |||
| 1984 | Tom Broznowski | |||
| 1985 | ||||
| 1986 | Gordon Holterman[13] |
| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |
| 1985 | Tom Schuler | |||
| 1986 | Thurlow Thomas Rogers | |||
| 1987 | Gary Fornes | |||
| 1988 | Karl Maxon | |||
| 1989 | Alexi Grewal | |||
| 1990 | Greg Oravetz | |||
| 1991 | Michael Engleman | |||
| 1992 | Taylor Centauri | |||
| 1993 | Jamie Paolinetti | |||
| 1994 | Jamie Paolinetti | |||
| 1995 | Lance Armstrong | |||
| 1996 | Chris Horner | |||
| 1997 | Jonathan Vaughters | |||
| 1998 | Mark McCormack | |||
| 1999 | Anton Villatoro | |||
| 2000 | John Lieswyn | |||
| 2001 | George Hincapie | |||
| 2002 | George Hincapie | |||
| 2003 | David Clinger | |||
| 2004 | Russell Hamby | |||
| 2005 | Chris Horner | |||
| 2006 | Danny Pate | |||
| 2007 | Neil Shirley | |||
| 2008 | Danny Pate | |||
| 2009 | Jeff Louder | |||
| 2010 | Kiel Reijnen | |||
| 2011 | Ted King | |||
| 2012 | Kiel Reijnen | |||
| 2013 | Kiel Reijnen | |||
| 2014 | Alex Howes | |||
| 2015 | Kiel Reijnen | |||
| 2016 | Travis McCabe | |||
| 2017 | Alexey Vermeulen | |||
| 2018 | Jacob Rathe | |||
| 2019 | Neilson Powless | |||
| 2020 | align=center colspan=3 | Not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic | ||
| 2021 | Kyle Murphy | |||
| 2022 | Magnus Sheffield | |||
| 2023 | Tyler Stites | |||
| 2024 | Sean Quinn | Brandon McNulty | Neilson Powless |
| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |
| 2003 | Michael Voigt | |||
| 2004 | Timmy Duggan | |||
| 2005 | Michael Lange | |||
| 2006 | ||||
| 2007 | Todd Nordblom | |||
| 2008 | Tom Peterson | |||
| 2009 | Ben King | |||
| 2010 | Andrew Dahlheim | |||
| 2011 | Evan Huffman | |||
| 2012 | Gavin Mannion | |||
| 2013 | Tyler Magner | |||
| 2014 | Taylor Eisenhart | |||
| 2015 | Colin Joyce | |||
| 2016 | Tyler Williams | |||
| 2017 | Brendan Rhim | |||
| 2018 | Zeke Mostov | |||
| 2019 | Cameron Beard | |||
| 2020 | align=center colspan=3 | Not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic | ||
| 2021 | Ethan Overson | |||
| 2022 | Liam Flanagan | |||
| 2023 | Tobias Klein | |||
| 2024 | Gavin Hlady | Brody McDonald |
| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |
| 1967 | ||||
| 1968 | Tracy Wakefield | |||
| 1969 | Don Westfall | Tracy Wakefield[14] | ||
| 1970 | Henry Whitney | |||
| 1971 | Ralph Therrio | |||
| 1972 | Keith Vierra | |||
| 1973 | Dale Stetina | |||
| 1974 | Tom Schuler | |||
| 1975 | Tom Dineen | |||
| 1976 | Larry Shields | |||
| 1978 | Steve Wood | |||
| 1979 | Mark Frise | |||
| 1980 | Shawn Storm | |||
| 1981 | Marshall Hirsch | |||
| 1982 | Gordon Holterman | |||
| 1983 | Dan Fox | |||
| 1984 | Frankie Andreu | |||
| 1985 | ||||
| 1986 | Hugh McCann | |||
| 1987 | Lance Armstrong | |||
| 1988 | Jonas Carney | |||
| 1989 | Jonas Carney | |||
| 1990 | Eric Harris | |||
| 1991 | Fred Rodriguez | |||
| 1992 | Matthew Johnson | |||
| 1993 | Sean Nealy | |||
| 1994 | Jonathan Page | |||
| 1995 | Roberto Dapice | |||
| 1996 | Andrew Crater | |||
| 1998 | Will Frischkorn | |||
| 1999 | Brad Buccambuso | |||
| 2000 | Rahsaan Bahati | |||
| 2001 | Dane Jankowiak | |||
| 2002 | Josh Kerkoff | |||
| 2003 | Zak Grabowski | |||
| 2004 | Thomas Peterson | |||
| 2005 | Peter Stetina | |||
| 2006 | Chris Barton | |||
| 2007 | Ben King | |||
| 2008 | Evan Huffman | Taylor Kuphaldt | Marshall Opel | |
| 2009 | Max Durtschi | Nathaniel Wilson | Steven Black | |
| 2010 | Lawson Craddock | Tanner Putt | Daniel Farinha | |
| 2011 | Alexey Vermeulen | Colin Joyce | Gregory Daniel | |
| 2012 | Miguel Bryon | Logan Owen | Ansel Dickey | |
| 2013 | Logan Owen | Stephen Bassett | Curtis White | |
| 2014 | Jonathan Brown | Noah Granigan | David Lombardo | |
| 2015 | Jonathan Brown | Gage Hecht | Willem Kaiser | |
| 2016 | Gage Hecht | Brandon McNulty | Kevin Goguen | |
| 2017 | Cole Davis | Kevin Verkmaerke | Charles Velez | |
| 2018 | Quinn Simmons | Lane Maher | Sean Quinn | |
| 2019 | Gianni Lamperti | Seth Callahan | Logan McLain | |
| 2020 | align=center colspan=3 | Not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic | ||
| 2021 | ||||
| 2022 | ||||
| 2023 | ||||
| 2024 |
| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |
| 1966 | Jeanne Omelenchuk | |||
| 1967 | Kathy Fitzpatrick | |||
| 1968 | ||||
| 1969 | Jeanne Omelenchuk[15] | Judith Hess | ||
| 1970[16] | Kathy Ecroth | |||
| 1971 | ||||
| 1972 | Eileen Brennan | |||
| 1973 | Linda Stein | |||
| 1974 | Kim Mumford | |||
| 1975 | Carole Brennan | |||
| 1976 | Susan Gurney | |||
| 1977 | Barbara Hintzen | |||
| 1978[17] | Connie Carpenter | |||
| 1979 | Mary Jane Reoch | |||
| 1980 | Mary Jane Reoch | |||
| 1981[18] | Madelyn Roese | |||
| 1982 | Rebecca Twigg | |||
| 1983 | Cindy Olavarri | |||
| 1984 | ||||
| 1985 | ||||
| 1986 | ||||
| 1987 | ||||
| 1988 | ||||
| 1989 | ||||
| 1990 | ||||
| 1991 | Ruthie Matthes | |||
| 1992 | Linda Brenneman | |||
| 1993 | Alison Dunlap | |||
| 1994 | Carmen Richardson | |||
| 1995 | Julie Young | |||
| 1996 | Alison Dunlap | |||
| 1997 | Deirdre Demet-Barry | |||
| 1998 | Deirdre Demet-Barry | |||
| 1999 | Kendra Wenzel | |||
| 2000 | Mina Pizzini | |||
| 2001 | Suzanne Sonye | |||
| 2002 | Tina Pic | |||
| 2004 | Tina Pic | |||
| 2005 | Tina Pic | |||
| 2006 | Amber Neben | |||
| 2007 | Amber Neben | |||
| 2008 | Katharine Carroll | |||
| 2009 | Kristin LaSasso | |||
| 2010 | Carmen Small | |||
| 2011 | Amanda Miller | |||
| 2012 | Carmen Small | |||
| 2013 | Alison Powers | |||
| 2014 | Evelyn Stevens | |||
| 2015 | Tayler Wiles | |||
| 2016[19] | Mandy Heintz | |||
| 2017[20] | Ruth Winder | |||
| 2018[21] | Emma White | |||
| 2019[22] | Emma White | |||
| 2020 | align=center colspan=3 | Not held due to the COVID-19 pandemic | ||
| 2021 | Veronica Ewers | |||
| 2022 | Lauren Stephens | |||
| 2023 | Sklyar Schneider | |||
| 2024 | Ruth Winder |