Ultimopharyngeal body explained

Ultimopharyngeal body
Latin:	corpus ultimopharyngeum
Precursor:	fourth pharyngeal pouch
Givesriseto:	parafollicular cells

The ultimopharyngeal body, or ultimobranchial body or ultimobranchial gland is a small organ found in the neck region of many animals. In humans, it develops from the fourth pharyngeal pouch into the parafollicular cells of the thyroid to produce calcitonin. It may not develop in DiGeorge syndrome.

Structure

The ultimopharyngeal body is a small organ of the neck. It is found in many animals. In humans, it develops into other tissues.

Development

In humans, the ultimopharyngeal body is an embryological structure, and is a derivative of the ventral recess of the fourth pharyngeal pouch.^[1] It is technically from the fifth pharyngeal pouch, but this is rudimentary and merges with the fourth. It develops into the parafollicular cells of the thyroid. The cells that give rise to the parafollicular cells are derivatives of endoderm.^[2] Endoderm cells migrate and associate with the ultimopharyngeal body during development.

Function

In humans, the ultimopharyngeal body develops into the parafollicular cells of the thyroid. These secrete calcitonin.^[3] In other animals, the ultimopharyngeal body may produce calcitonin.

Clinical significance

The ultimopharyngeal body may not develop in DiGeorge syndrome.

History

The ultimopharyngeal body may also be known as the ultimobranchial body or the ultimobranchial gland.

Notes and References

1. Adams A, Mankad K, Offiah C, Childs L . Branchial cleft anomalies: a pictorial review of embryological development and spectrum of imaging findings . Insights into Imaging . 7 . 1 . 69–76 . February 2016 . 26661849 . 4729717 . 10.1007/s13244-015-0454-5 .
2. Johansson E, Andersson L, Örnros J, Carlsson T, Ingeson-Carlsson C, Liang S, Dahlberg J, Jansson S, Parrillo L, Zoppoli P, Barila GO, Altschuler DL, Padula D, Lickert H, Fagman H, Nilsson M . 6 . Revising the embryonic origin of thyroid C cells in mice and humans . Development . 142 . 20 . 3519–3528 . October 2015 . 26395490 . 4631767 . 10.1242/dev.126581 .
3. Agathos EA, Tomos PI, Kostomitsopoulos N, Koutsoukos PG . Calcitonin as an anticalcification treatment for implantable biological tissues . Journal of Cardiology . 73 . 2 . 179–182 . February 2019 . 30377016 . 10.1016/j.jjcc.2018.07.010 . New insights in treatment for heart failure . 53110929 . free .