!Year!Date!Event206 | ? | Governor Lucius Alfenus Senecio repairs Hadrian's Wall and appeals for help from the Emperor against the northern tribes. |
208 | ? | Emperor Septimius Severus and his son Caracalla take personal command of the army in Britain. |
209 | ? | Severus and Caracalla lead an expedition against the Caledonii, and build forts at Cramond and the Tay estuary. |
210 | ? | Caracalla leads an expedition against the rebellious Maeatae tribe. |
211 | ? | 4 February – Severus dies at York, while preparing another expedition against the northern rebels. Caracalla, now Emperor, abandons territory north of Hadrian's Wall, and returns to Rome
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c. 214 | ? | Britain divided into two provinces, Britannia Superior and Britannia Inferior, with administrative centres at London and York respectively |
c. 220 | ? | Saxons raid south-east coast; forts built at Reculver and Branodunum (Brancaster). |
245 | ? | Many thousands of acres of modern-day Lincolnshire are inundated by a great flood. |
255 | ? | Work begins on a riverside wall in London. |
259 | ? | Rebel leader Latinus Postumus proclaims Britain as part of his "Empire of the Gauls". |
270 | ? | Construction of forts along the Saxon Shore begins in response to increased raiding. |
273 | ? | Stone walls built around St Albans. |
274 | ? | Postumus's Gallic Empire is reabsorbed into the Roman Empire under Aurelian. |
277 | ? | Imperial edict lifts restrictions on British wine production.General Victorinus puts down revolt, and settles Burgundian and Vandal prisoners in Britain. |
286-296 | | |
287 | ? | Mausaeus Carausius takes power in Britain and proclaims himself Emperor |
289 | ? | Carausius defeats Emperor Maximian in a naval battle. |
293 | ? | Finance minister Allectus murders Carausius and seizes power; employs Frankish mercenaries. |
296 | ? | Julius Constantius defeats Britons near Silchester, killing Allectus; prevents retreating Franks from sacking London |
297 | ? | Re-building of forts near Hadrian's Wall begins.Constantius returns to Gaul. First mention on record of the Picts attacking from the north in Eumenius' Panegyrici Latini.
| |
!Year!Date!Event1707 | 1 May | The Kingdom of Great Britain comes into being,[4] [5] [6] [7] and Queen Anne becomes its first monarch. |
1713 | 11 April | Signing of the Treaty of Utrecht ends the War of the Spanish Succession. |
1714 | 1 August | Queen Anne dies. Accession of George I, Elector of Hanover. |
1721 | 3 April | Robert Walpole becomes the first Prime Minister of Great Britain. |
1727 | 11 June | King George I dies and George II ascends the throne. |
1742 | 16 February | Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington becomes Prime Minister. |
1743 | 27 August | Henry Pelham becomes Prime Minister. |
1754 | 16 March | Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle becomes Prime Minister. |
1755 | 15 April | Samuel Johnson published his A Dictionary of the English Language. |
1756 | 16 November | William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire becomes Prime Minister. |
1757 | 29 June | Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1760 | 25 October | King George II dies and George III ascends the throne. |
1762 | 26 May | John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute becomes Prime Minister. |
1763 | 16 April | George Grenville becomes Prime Minister. |
1764 | ? | The Castle of Otranto is written and published, which was the first-ever story classed as a gothic horror story. |
1765 | 13 July | Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham becomes Prime Minister. |
1766 | 30 July | William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham becomes Prime Minister. |
1768 | 14 October | Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton becomes Prime Minister. |
1770 | 28 January | Frederick North, Lord North becomes Prime Minister. |
1775 | 19 April | The American War of Independence begins. |
1776 | 4 July | The Declaration of Independence is created and the new country is recognised as the USA. |
1777-1779 | November 1777 - July 1779 | The world's first iron bridge called The Iron Bridge, is built-in Shropshire. |
1782 | 27 March | Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
4 July | William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne becomes Prime Minister. |
1783 | 2 April | William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland becomes Prime Minister. |
4 September | The American War of Independence ends with the Treaty of Paris. |
19 December | William Pitt the Younger becomes Prime Minister. |
1785 | 1 January | The Times is first published and becomes the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, such as The New York Times. | |
!Year!Date!Event1801 | 1 January | The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland comes into being,[8] and King George III becomes its first monarch. |
1801 | 17 March | Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth becomes Prime Minister. |
1804 | 10 May | William Pitt the Younger becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1805 | 21 October | The naval Battle of Trafalgar takes place. |
1806 | 11 February | William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville becomes Prime Minister. |
1807 | 25 March | The Slave Trade Act 1807 is passed. |
31 March | William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1809 | 4 October | Spencer Perceval becomes Prime Minister. |
1810 | | Discovery of the first complete Icthyosaur by Mary Anning |
1812 | 8 June | Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool becomes Prime Minister. |
1815 | 18 June | The Battle of Waterloo takes place. |
20 November | The Napoleonic Wars ends. |
1819 | | SS Savannah undergoes the first steamship transatlantic crossing. |
1820 | 29 January | King George III dies and George IV ascends the throne. |
1821 | 5 May | The Guardian is first published, as The Manchester Guardian. |
1823 | | Discovery of Plesiosaurus Mary Anning |
1825 | 27 September | The Stockton and Darlington railway, the world's first public passenger railway, opens. |
1827 | 12 April | George Canning becomes Prime Minister. |
31 August | F. J. Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich becomes Prime Minister. |
1828 | 22 January | Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington becomes Prime Minister. |
| Discovery of Pterodactylus by Mary Anning |
1829 | 13 April | The Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 is passed. |
1830 | 26 June | King George IV dies and William IV ascends the throne. |
22 November | Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey becomes Prime Minister. |
1832 | 7 June | The Great Reform Act is passed, doubling the franchise. |
1833 | 28 August | The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 gains royal assent, banning slavery throughout the British Empire. |
1834 | ? | The Conservative Party is founded. |
16 July | William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne becomes Prime Minister. |
14 August | The New Poor Law is passed. |
17 November | Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
10 December | Robert Peel becomes Prime Minister. |
1835 | 18 April | William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1837 | 20 June | The reign of Queen Victoria begins. |
1838 | 1 August | The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 enters into force, abolishing slavery in the British Empire. |
1840 | 10 January | The first postage stamps (Penny Post) come into use. |
June | Vaccination for the poor is introduced. |
1841 | 30 August | Robert Peel becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1842 | Summer | The first peacetime income tax is introduced. |
1846 | 27 January | The Corn Laws are repealed. |
30 June | John Russell, 1st Earl Russell becomes Prime Minister. |
1848 | Late February | The Communist Manifesto is published by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. |
1850 | | The East Coast Main Line opens. |
1851 | 1 May | The Great Exhibition opens. |
1852 | 23 February | Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby becomes Prime Minister. |
19 December | George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen becomes Prime Minister. |
1853-1856 | 16 October 1853 - 30 March 1856 | The Crimean War is fought between Russia and a British alliance who feared Russian expansion in the Balkans, resulting in allied victory. |
1854 | ? | Doctor John Snow discovers that cholera is from contaminated water[9] |
1855 | 6 February | Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston becomes Prime Minister. |
29 June | The Daily Telegraph is first published. |
1858 | 20 February | Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1859 | 12 June | Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1861 | 14 December | Victoria's husband, Prince Albert, dies at the age of 42. |
1863 | 10 January | The London Underground opens, the oldest underground railway network in the world. |
1865 | 29 October | John Russell, 1st Earl Russell becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1866 | 28 June | Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby becomes Prime Minister for the third time. |
1867 | 15 August | The 1867 Reform Act doubles the franchise and the Dominion of Canada was created. |
1868 | 27 February | Benjamin Disraeli becomes Prime Minister. |
29 May | The last public execution is carried out. |
3 December | William Ewart Gladstone becomes Prime Minister. |
1869 | | The West Coast Main Line opens. |
1870 | 17 February | The Elementary Education Act 1870 is passed, introducing universal education in England and Wales. |
1872 | 6 August | The Education (Scotland) Act 1872 expands access to primary education and makes it compulsory in Scotland. |
1874 | 20 February | Benjamin Disraeli becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1880 | 23 April | William Ewart Gladstone becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
26 August | The Elementary Education Act 1880 is passed, making primary schooling compulsory in England and Wales. |
1885 | 23 June | Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury becomes Prime Minister. |
25 June | The Reform Act 1885 is passed. |
1886 | 1 February | William Ewart Gladstone becomes Prime Minister for the third time. |
21 June | Construction begins on Tower Bridge in London. |
25 July | Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1887 | November | The fictional detective Sherlock Holmes first appears in print. |
1892 | 15 August | William Ewart Gladstone becomes Prime Minister for the fourth time. |
1894 | 5 March | Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes Prime Minister. |
1895 | 25 June | Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury becomes Prime Minister for the third time. |
1896 | 4 May | The Daily Mail is first published. | |
!Year!Date!Event1900 | 27 February | The Labour Party is founded. |
1901 | 22 January | Queen Victoria dies and Edward VII ascends the throne. |
1902 | 12 July | Arthur Balfour becomes Prime Minister. |
9 August | Coronation of Edward VII and Alexandra. |
31 May | Treaty of Vereeniging ends the Second Boer War. |
1903 | September | The Lib-Lab pact enables Labour to break into national politics. |
1904 | 8 April | Entente Cordiale signed between Britain and France |
1905 | 5 December | Henry Campbell-Bannerman becomes Prime Minister. |
1908 | 5 April | H. H. Asquith becomes Prime Minister. |
27 April | The Summer Olympics open at White City in London. |
27 October | Parliament approves old age pensions. |
1910 | 6 May | Edward VII dies and George V ascends the throne. |
1911 | 22 June | Coronation of George V and Mary. |
1912 | 13 April | Royal Flying Corps established. |
14 - 15 April | The RMS Titanic sinks after hitting an iceberg. Over 1500 crew and passengers die. |
1914 | 4 August | World War I Great Britain declares war on Germany in response to the invasion of Belgium.
|
5 November | Britain declares war on the Ottoman Empire. |
1916 | 6 December | David Lloyd George becomes Prime Minister. |
1918 | 6 February | Women get the vote for the first time - women over the age of 30 who met a property qualification could vote as a result of the Representation of the People Act 1918. |
1 April | The Royal Air Force is founded, becoming the first independent air force in the world. |
11 November | World War I ends. |
1919 | 1 December | Nancy Astor becomes the first woman to take her seat in parliament. |
1921 | | The Great Britain road numbering scheme. |
1922 | 18 October | The BBC is founded as the British Broadcasting Company. |
23 October | Bonar Law becomes Prime Minister. |
1923 | 22 May | Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister. |
1924 | 22 January | Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister. |
4 November | Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1926 | 4 May - 12 May | The 1926 United Kingdom general strike takes place. |
1928 | 2 July | Women receive the right to vote on the same terms as men (over the age of 21) as a result of the Representation of the People Act 1928. |
September | The first film with dialogue is shown in Britain, The Jazz Singer. |
30 September | Alexander Fleming discovers penicillin. |
1929 | 5 June | Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1931 | ? | The Dominion of Canada later has more recognition as Canada. |
1934 | 30 November | The LNER Class A3 4472 Flying Scotsman built in Doncaster becomes the first steam locomotive to reach 100mph. |
1935 | 7 June | Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister for the third time. |
1936 | 20 January | George V dies and Edward VIII ascends the throne. |
5 - 31 October | The Jarrow March protest occurs. |
10 December | Edward VIII abdicates the throne over his proposal to marry American divorcee Wallis Simpson. Automatic accession of George VI. |
1937 | 12 May | Coronation of George VI and Elizabeth. |
28 May | Neville Chamberlain becomes Prime Minister. |
30 June | First available in the London area, the 999 telephone number is introduced as the world's first emergency telephone service. |
1938 | 3 July | The LNER Class A4 4468 Mallard built in Doncaster breaks the land speed record for the fastest steam locomotive, reaching 203km/h; the record still stands. |
1939 | 3 September | British entry into World War II. |
1940 | 10 May | Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister. |
1945 | 8 May | World War II ends in Europe. |
26 July | Clement Attlee becomes Prime Minister. |
24 October | Britain becomes a founding member of the United Nations. |
1947 | 15 August | India gains independence from Britain. |
1948 | 1 January | British Rail is established. |
5 July | The National Health Service is founded, bringing state-funded healthcare to all. |
29 July - 14 August | London hosts the 1948 Summer Olympics. |
14 November | Birth of Charles, Prince of Wales. |
1950 | 15 August | Birth of Anne, Princess Royal. |
29 August | British troops arrive to support US forces in the Korean War. |
1951 | 26 October | Sir Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1952 | ? | Autocode, regarded as the first compiled programming language, is developed by Alick Glennie. |
6 February | Death of George VI. Automatic accession of Elizabeth II. |
1953 | 25 April | James Watson and Francis Crick publish their discovery of the structure of DNA. |
2 June | Coronation of Elizabeth II. |
1954 | 6 May | Roger Bannister breaks the four-minute mile with a time of 3:59.4. |
1955 | 6 April | Anthony Eden becomes Prime Minister. |
22 September | Commercial television starts with the first ITV broadcast. |
1956 | 17 October | Britain opens its first nuclear power station, Calder Hall. |
1957 | 10 January | Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister. |
1958 | 5 December | The British motorway system opens with the M6 Preston bypass. |
1960 | 19 February | Birth of Prince Andrew, Duke of York. |
1961 | 1 July | Birth of Diana, Princess of Wales. |
1963 | 27 March | The first report of the Beeching cuts – a railway restructuring plan – was published, The Reshaping of British Railways. |
19 October | Alec Douglas-Home becomes Prime Minister but lasts only 363 days. |
1964 | 10 March | Birth of Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex. |
16 October | Harold Wilson becomes Prime Minister. |
1965 | 24 January | Death of Sir Winston Churchill. |
8 November | The death penalty is abolished officially. |
1967 | 27 July | The Sexual Offences Act 1967 legalises homosexuality between men over 21. |
27 October | The Abortion Act 1967 is passed, legalising abortion on certain grounds. |
1969 | 2 March | Concorde, the world's first supersonic airliner, makes its maiden flight. |
1970 | 19 June | Edward Heath becomes Prime Minister. |
1971 | 15 February | Decimal Day
- the United Kingdom introduces a decimalised currency.
|
1972 | 22 January | The United Kingdom signs the Treaty of Accession in a ceremony in Brussels which was attended by Prime Minister Edward Heath in preparedness for membership of the European Communities from 1 January 1973. |
1973 | 1 January | The United Kingdom joins and becomes a member state of the European Communities. |
1974 | 4 March | Harold Wilson becomes Prime Minister for the second time. |
1975 | 5 June | The United Kingdom chooses to remain a member state of the European Communities in a non-binding referendum. |
1976 | 5 April | James Callaghan becomes Prime Minister. |
September | Britain becomes the first major Western state to be forced to ask to borrow money from the International Monetary Fund. |
1978 | 25 July | Louise Brown becomes the first human in history to be born via in vitro fertilisation. |
1979 | 4 May | Margaret Thatcher becomes the first female Prime Minister. |
27 August | The IRA kill the Queen's cousin Lord Mountbatten. |
1981 | 24 June | The Humber Bridge opens, the longest single-span bridge in the world. |
29 July | Wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer. |
1982 | 21 June | Birth of Prince William of Wales. |
2 April - 14 June | The Falklands War is fought against Argentina, resulting in a British victory and the United Kingdom reclaiming the Falkland Islands. |
2 November | Channel 4 launches across most of England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. |
1984-1985 | 6 March 1984 - 3 March 1985 | The UK miners' strike takes place, a major strike and protest to prevent Margaret Thatcher's government from closing down the British coal mining industry. |
1984 | 15 September | Birth of Prince Harry of Wales. |
1986 | 25 December | The Christmas episode of the soap opera EastEnders becomes the most-watched programme in the United Kingdom with a viewing of 30.1 million. |
1988 | 3 March | The Liberal Democrats are founded. |
1989 | 12 March | Tim Berners-Lee invents the World Wide Web. |
1990 | 28 November | John Major becomes Prime Minister. |
1991 | 18 - 26 May | Helen Sharman becomes the first British person and the first European woman in space. |
1994 | 6 May | The Channel Tunnel opens, the first physical connection between the United Kingdom and France. |
1996 | ? | A sheep named Dolly becomes the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell. |
1997 | 2 May | Tony Blair becomes Prime Minister. |
1 July | The United Kingdom hands Hong Kong back to China, marking the end of the British Empire. |
31 August | Diana, Princess of Wales, dies due to a traffic collision in Paris. |
1999 | 6 May | First elections to the Scottish Parliament and Welsh Assembly take place which will now be responsible for aspects of Scotland and Wales's governance. |
2 December | The Good Friday Agreement comes into effect, two agreements intended to bring about the end of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. |
31 December | The Millennium Dome and London Eye are opened to mark the new millennium. | |