Thulium(III) oxide explained

Thulium(III) oxide is a pale green crystalline compound, with the formula Tm₂O₃. It was first isolated in 1879, from an impure sample of erbia, by Swedish chemist Per Teodor Cleve, who named it thulia.

Synthesis

Thulium(III) oxide has been made in the laboratory using various methods. One method involves burning thulium metal or its various salts in air.^{[1] [2]}

Thulium(III) oxide can be made using a hydrothermal method where thulium(III) acetate is mixed with an ammonia solution, which causes thulium(III) oxide to precipitate as a white solid.^[3]

Notes and References

1. Book: Catherine E. Housecroft . Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd Edition . Alan G. Sharpe . Pearson . 2008 . 978-0-13-175553-6 . 864 . Chapter 25: The f-block metals: lanthanoids and actinoids.
2. Justice . Bruce . Westrum . Edgar . Chang . Elfreda . Radebaugh . Ray . February 1, 1969 . Thermophysical properties of the lanthanide oxides. IV. Heat capacities and thermodynamic properties of thulium(III) and lutetium(III) oxides. Electronic energy levels of several lanthanide(III) ions . Journal of Physical Chemistry . 2 . 73 . 333-340 . ACSPublications.
3. Lee . Sung Woo . Park . Seong Kyun . Min . Bong-Ki . Kang . Jun-Gill . Sohn . Youngku . July 2014 . Structural/spectroscopic analyses and H2/O2/CO responses of thulium(III) oxide nanosquare sheets . Applied Surface Science . en . 307 . 736–743 . 10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.04.149.