The International (esports) explained

The International
Sport:Dota 2
Administrator:Valve
Champion:Team Spirit, 2023
Most Successful Club:OG and Team Spirit (2)

The International (TI) is an annual esports world championship for the five-on-five video game Dota 2. Produced by the game's developer Valve, the International is the final event of the Dota Pro Circuit (DPC) and consists of 20 teams: 12 based on final results from the DPC; six from North America, South America, Southeast Asia, China, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe regional leagues; and two from last-chance qualifiers. The International was first held in Germany at the 2011 Gamescom to promote the game's release. It was then held in Seattle, where Valve is headquartered, until it began to be hosted internationally again starting with The International 2018 in Vancouver.

The tournament's prize pool has been crowdfunded via a battle pass system within the game since 2013, with a quarter of all revenue from it directly going towards it. Internationals have the largest single-tournament prize pool of any esport event, with largest reaching 40 million. The most recent champion is Team Spirit, who won the 2023 iteration. OG and Team Spirit are the only repeat winners in the tournament's history, winning two each.

History

Early years

Valve announced the first edition of The International on August 1, 2011. 16 teams were invited to compete in the tournament, which would also serve as the first public viewing of Dota 2.[1] The tournament was funded by Valve, including the 1 million grand prize, with Nvidia supplying the hardware.[2] [3] It took place at Gamescom in Cologne from August 17–21 the same year.[4] The tournament started with a group stage in which the winners of each of the four groups were entered into a winner's bracket, and the other teams entered the loser's bracket. The rest of the tournament was then played as a double-elimination tournament.[5] The final of this inaugural tournament was between Ukrainian-based Natus Vincere and Chinese-based EHOME, with Natus Vincere winning the series 3–1.[6] EHOME won 250,000, with the rest of the 14 teams splitting the remaining $350,000.[7]

The International as a recurring annual event was confirmed in May 2012.[8] [9] The International 2012 was held at the 2,500 seat Benaroya Hall in Seattle from August 31 to September 2, with teams situated in glass booths on the main stage.[10] The total prize pool remained at $1.6 million, with $1 million for the winning team.[11] [12] The previous winners, Natus Vincere, were beaten 3-1 by Chinese team Invictus Gaming in the grand finals.[13] In November 2012, Valve released a free documentary on the event that featured interviews with the teams, and following them from the preliminary stages through to the finale.[14]

Introduction of crowdfunding

The International 2013 was hosted again at the Benaroya Hall in Seattle from August 7–11. Sixteen teams participated, thirteen of which received direct invitations, and the final three being decided in two qualifying tournaments and a match at the start of the tournament.[15] In May 2013, it was announced that an in-game battle pass, known as the Compendium, would be available for purchase that allowed for the tournament's prize pool to be crowdfunded. A quarter of the total revenue from the Compendium was added to the base $1.6 million prize pool.[16] The prize pool eventually reached over $2.8 million, making it the largest prize pool in esports history at the time.[17] KCPQ news anchor Kaci Aitchison acted as a host at the event, providing behind-the-scenes commentary and player interviews.[18] The International 2013 was viewed by over a million concurrent viewers at its peak, via live streaming websites such as Twitch.[19]

The International 2014 took place from July 18–21 at the KeyArena in Seattle.[20] For the event, eleven teams would receive direct invites, with an additional four spots determined by regional qualifiers taking place between May 12–25. The sixteenth spot would be determined by a wild card qualifier between the runners-up from the regional competitions.[21] The tickets for the event were sold out within an hour of going on sale that April.[22] The tournament's crowdfunded prize pool again broke esport records for being the largest in history, with it totalling over $10.9 million.[23] As a result, eight Dota 2 players became the highest earning players in esports, surpassing the top earning player at the time, Lee "Jaedong" Jae-dong of StarCraft.[24] The event was also broadcast on ESPN networks for the first time.[25]

Expansion

The tournament was expanded to 18 teams for The International 2017 onwards, an increase from the previous 16.[26] The event in 2017 was also the last time it was held in Seattle, with every International since being hosted in a new country. The International 2020 was the first International to skip a year, as it was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[27] [28] Ahead of the event, originally scheduled to be held in Stockholm, Sweden, the Swedish Sports Federation voted to deny recognition of esports as a sporting event, making it difficult for Valve to help international players to secure travel visas for participating there.[29] Valve later rescheduled the event and rebranded it as The International 2021, which was held at the Arena Națională in Bucharest, Romania, in October 2021.[30] It set a record for the largest prize pool of any single esports event at $40 million.[31]

The International 2022 increased to 20 teams and was held in Singapore in October 2022, where it was won by Tundra Esports.[32] It was the first International to not surpass the previous one's prize pool at $18.9 million, the lowest since The International 2015.[33] The International 2023 was hosted at Climate Pledge Arena in Seattle, which was built at the same site as KeyArena, and ran from October 27 to 29.[34] [35]

List of Internationals

!Year!Date!Teams!Venue!Winners!Finals!Runners-up!Prize pool!Ref.
2011August 17–2116Koelnmesse (Cologne)Natus VincereEHOME$1,600,000[36]
2012August 31 – September 2Benaroya Hall (Seattle)Invictus GamingNatus Vincere$1,600,000[37]
2013August 7–11AllianceNatus Vincere$2,874,380[38]
2014July 18–21KeyArena (Seattle)NewbeeVici Gaming$10,923,977[39]
2015August 3–6Evil GeniusesCDEC Gaming$18,429,613[40]
2016August 3–13Wings GamingDigital Chaos$20,770,460[41]
2017August 7–1218Team LiquidNewbee$24,787,916[42]
2018August 20–25Rogers Arena (Vancouver)OGPSG.LGD$25,532,177[43]
2019August 20–25Mercedes-Benz Arena (Shanghai)OGTeam Liquid$34,330,068[44]
2020August 18–23Avicii Arena (Stockholm)
2021October 7–17Arena Națională (Bucharest)Team SpiritPSG.LGD$40,018,195[45]
2022October 15–3020 (Singapore)Tundra EsportsTeam Secret$18,930,775
2023October 14–29Climate Pledge Arena (Seattle)Team SpiritGaimin Gladiators$3,143,063[46]
2024September 4–1516Royal Arena (Copenhagen)

Format

Invitations

The International features a series of tournaments before the event, known as the Dota Pro Circuit (DPC), with the top 12 ranking teams receiving direct invitations based on their final standings.[47] [48] [49] Besides the directly invited DPC teams, an additional team from the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), China, Europe, North America, South America, and Southeast Asia regions each earn an invite by winning regional playoffs, bringing the total number of participating teams up to 18.[50] [51] At the International, two separate best-of-two round robin groups consisting of nine teams each are played, with lowest placed team from both at the end of the stage being eliminated.[52] [53] [26] The remaining 16 teams then move on to the double elimination main event at the hosted venue, with the top four finishing teams from both groups advancing to the upper bracket, and the bottom four advancing to the lower bracket.[53] [52] The first round of the lower bracket is treated as single-elimination, with the loser of each match being immediately eliminated from the tournament.[52] [26] Every other round of both brackets is played in a best-of-three series, with the exception being the Grand Finals, which is played between the winners of the upper and lower brackets in a best-of-five series.[52]

Prize pool

Since The International 2013, the tournament's prize pool is primarily crowdfunded through a type of in-game battle pass called the "Compendium", which raises money from players buying them to get exclusive in-game virtual goods and other bonuses.[54] [55] 25% of all the revenue made from yearly Compendiums go directly to the prize pool.[56] [57] The contribution of players from the game community is the main source of prize pool for the International.[58] Until 2022, each iteration of The International has surpassed the previous one's prize pool. The International 2021 had the largest prize pool, awarding $40 million (£29 million) in total to participating teams.[59] [60]

Trophy

The Aegis of Champions is a trophy that is awarded to the champions of an International. The reverse side of it is permanently engraved with the names of each player on the winning team.[61] [59] The Aegis is a shield inspired by Norse and Chinese designs, with it molded in bronze and silver by the prop studio, Weta Workshop.[61] Miniature replicas of it are also sometimes awarded to compendium owners for having a high enough level in it.[62]

Media coverage

The primary medium for International coverage is through the video game live streaming platform Twitch, which is done by a selection of dedicated esports organizations and personnel who provide on-site commentary, analysis, match predictions, and player interviews surrounding the event in progress, similar to traditional sporting events.[19] [63] Multiple streams are provided in a variety of languages, mainly in English, Russian, and Chinese. The International also sometimes provides a "newcomer stream" that is dedicated to presenting games for viewers unfamiliar with the game.[64]

Documentaries

In 2014, Valve released a free documentary, Free to Play, which followed three players during their time at the first International in 2011.[65] [66] In 2016, Valve began producing an episodic-based documentary series titled True Sight, considered a spiritual successor to Free to Play.[67] Several more episodes of it have been filmed, showcasing the 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021 tournaments.[68] [69] [70]

External links

See main article: world championships.

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Reilly . Jim . Valve Goes Big with Dota 2 Tournament . August 1, 2011 . IGN . November 9, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121109072431/http://www.ign.com/articles/2011/08/01/valve-goes-big-with-dota-2-tournament.
  2. Web site: Valve to hold $1,000,000 Dota 2 tournament at Gamescom . August 1, 2011 . February 22, 2014 . Lucas . Sullivan . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140407084929/http://www.pcgamer.com/2011/08/01/valve-to-hold-1000000-dota-2-tournament-at-gamescom/ . April 7, 2014 . mdy-all .
  3. Web site: Dota 2 Gamescom tournament to be streamed live on Dota2.com . August 10, 2011 . February 22, 2014 . Tom . Senior . PC Gamer . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131123212306/http://www.pcgamer.com/2011/08/10/dota-2-gamescom-tournament-to-be-streamed-live-on-dota2-com/ . November 23, 2013 . mdy-all .
  4. News: Miozzi . CJ . August 1, 2011 . Valve Announces DOTA 2 Gamescom Tournament . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131224105535/http://www.gamefront.com/valve-announces-dota-2-gamescom-tournament/ . December 24, 2013 . February 22, 2014 . Game Front.
  5. Web site: Dota 2: the tournament so far... . August 17, 2011 . February 22, 2014 . Tom . Senior . PC Gamer . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140327021713/http://www.pcgamer.com/2011/08/17/dota-2-the-tournament-so-far/ . March 27, 2014 . mdy-all .
  6. Web site: First Ever Dota 2 Championship Winner Revealed . August 23, 2011 . February 22, 2014 . Jen . Schiller . Kotaku . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140717223731/http://kotaku.com/5833570/first-ever-dota-2-championship-winner-revealed . July 17, 2014 . mdy-all .
  7. Web site: Dota 2 tournament $1 million finals won by Na'vi . August 22, 2011 . February 22, 2014 . Alice . O'Connor . Shack News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140808200519/http://www.shacknews.com/article/69831/dota-2-tournament-1-million-prize-won-by-navi . August 8, 2014 . mdy-all .
  8. Web site: The International Dota 2 Championships 2012 to be held at PAX Prime this August . May 11, 2012 . T.J. . Hafer . . March 3, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140629124413/http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/05/11/the-international-dota-2-championships-2012-to-be-held-at-pax-prime-this-august/ . June 29, 2014 . mdy-all .
  9. Web site: Feak . Steve . Mescon . Steve . March 19, 2009 . Postmortem: Defense of the Ancients . . 1–5 . January 8, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101207055840/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/feature/3966/postmortem_defense_of_the_ancients.php . December 7, 2010.
  10. Web site: Dota Dispatch: Watching People Play Video Games For $1.6 Million . September 4, 2012 . March 3, 2014 . Jason . Schreier . Kotaku . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131231092104/http://kotaku.com/5940125/dota-dispatch-watching-people-play-video-games-for-16-million . December 31, 2013 . mdy-all .
  11. Web site: Dota 2 International 2012 tickets go on sale tomorrow . June 11, 2012 . PC Gamer . Tom . Senior . March 3, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131104072320/http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/06/11/dota-2-international-2012-tickets-go-on-sale-tomorrow . November 4, 2013 . mdy-all .
  12. Web site: The International Dota 2 Championships 2012 begins at PAX Prime . August 31, 2012 . March 3, 2014 . Stephany . Nunneley . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20150111204226/http://www.vg247.com/2012/08/31/the-international-dota-2-championships-2012-begins-at-pax-prime/ . January 11, 2015 . mdy-all .
  13. Web site: Dota 2 International tournament 2012 winners round-up . September 4, 2012 . March 3, 2014 . Samit . Sarkar . Polygon . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140304004505/http://www.polygon.com/gaming/2012/9/4/3291215/dota-2-international-tournament-2012-winners-round-up . March 4, 2014 . mdy-all .
  14. Web site: Dota 2 - The International 2 documentary video released by Valve . November 16, 2012 . March 3, 2014 . Evan . Lahti . PC Gamer . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140305170542/http://www.pcgamer.com/2012/11/16/dota-2-documentary-video-released-by-valve/ . March 5, 2014 . mdy-all .
  15. Web site: Dota Team . The International . April 26, 2013 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130428165204/http://www.dota2.com/tournaments/international/announcement . April 28, 2013 . mdy-all .
  16. Web site: Malloroy . Jordan . Dota 2 introduces 'Interactive Compendium' tournament companion . May 7, 2013 . May 9, 2013 . Joystiq . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130510073135/http://www.joystiq.com/2013/05/07/dota-2-introduces-interactive-compendium-tournament-companion/ . May 10, 2013 . mdy-all .
  17. Web site: Dota 2's The International 3 reaches $2m prize pool . Martin . . May 16, 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130608011718/http://www.gamespot.com/news/dota-2s-the-international-3-reaches-2m-prize-pool-6408442 . June 8, 2013 . mdy-all .
  18. Web site: Watch Dota 2's The International tournament this weekend . August 9, 2013 . April 3, 2014 . Alice . O' Connor . Shack News . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131215002834/http://www.shacknews.com/article/80577/watch-dota-2s-the-international-tournament-this-weekend . December 15, 2013 . mdy-all .
  19. Web site: The International hits 1 million concurrent viewers . August 13, 2013 . Eddie . Makuch . . April 1, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160904040707/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/the-international-hits-1-million-concurrent-viewers/1100-6412911/ . September 4, 2016 . mdy-all .
  20. Web site: Valve Announces Dates, Location, and Ticket Prices for The International 2014 . Williams . Katie . . March 31, 2014 . April 1, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140404084148/http://www.ign.com/articles/2014/04/01/valve-announces-dates-location-and-ticket-prices-for-the-international-2014 . April 4, 2014 . mdy-all .
  21. Web site: The International 2014 sells out in an hour . Gaston . Martin . . April 1, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140404065331/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/valve-announces-dates-for-dota-2-tournament-the-international-2014/1100-6418682/ . April 4, 2014 . mdy-all .
  22. Web site: Valve announces dates for Dota 2 tournament The International 2014 . Breslau . Rod . . April 5, 2014 . April 6, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140406104936/http://www.ongamers.com/articles/the-international-2014-sells-out-in-an-hour/1100-1182/ . April 6, 2014 . mdy-all .
  23. Web site: Dota 2 Tournament Prize Pool Exceeds $10 Million . Vas . Gergo . . June 26, 2014 . June 26, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140629212904/http://kotaku.com/dota-2-tournament-prize-pool-exceeds-10-million-1596913776 . June 29, 2014 . mdy-all .
  24. Web site: Dota 2 takes the Top 8 Spots in Gaming Earnings. July 24, 2014. Neutral Creeps - Dota 2 News From Around The World. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20140819130056/http://www.neutralcreeps.com/2014/07/dota-2-takes-top-8-spots-in-gaming.html. August 19, 2014.
  25. July 18, 2014, Valve Press Release, International Dota 2 Championships on ESPN Networks, Steam
  26. Web site: Rose. Victoria. The International 7 format and prize pool, explained. The Flying Courier. July 25, 2017 . Polygon. July 25, 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170803045619/https://www.theflyingcourier.com/2017/7/25/16026514/dota-2-ti7-format-prize-pool-distribution. August 3, 2017.
  27. Web site: Valve indefinitely delays Dota 2's The International 2020 . Andrew . Webster . Nick . Statt . April 30, 2020 . April 30, 2020 . .
  28. Web site: Valve indefinitely delays Dota 2's The International 2020. Webster. Andrew. 2020-04-30. The Verge. en. 2020-05-21.
  29. Web site: Dota 2's The International might not take place in Sweden after all . Jay . Peters . June 22, 2021 . June 22, 2021 . .
  30. Web site: Dota 2's The International gets new dates after Sweden says no to esports . Dustin . Bailey . July 7, 2021 . July 8, 2021 . .
  31. Web site: Shaw . Luke . 'Dota 2' tournament to be held in Bucharest with £29million prize pool . . July 8, 2021 . 2 October 2021 . October 2, 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211002101327/https://www.nme.com/news/gaming-news/dota-2-tournament-to-be-held-in-bucharest-with-29million-prize-pool-2988555 . live .
  32. Web site: Lozano . Kurt . Tundra Esports sweep Team Secret 3-0 to become champions of The International 11 . Yahoo Sports . October 30, 2022 . 30 October 2022.
  33. Web site: Michael . Cale . The International 2022 prize pool didn't even hit $19 million, snaps historical 10-year streak . Dot Esports . November 4, 2022 .
  34. News: Bolding . Jonathan . May 7, 2023 . Dota 2's world championship returns to Seattle this year . PCGamer . October 29, 2023.
  35. News: Chen . Hongyu . November 4, 2022 . Sources: The International back to Seattle in '23 . . October 29, 2023.
  36. Web site: S. Good . Owen . August 26, 2018 . The International goes to China for 2019 championships . July 12, 2019 . Polygon.
  37. Web site: Cybercube . September 5, 2018 . The end of Na Vi reign: Invictus Gaming champions team then and now . July 12, 2019 . Medium.com.
  38. Web site: Pitcher . Jenna . August 14, 2013 . The International attracts more than 1 million viewers . July 12, 2019 . Polygon.
  39. Web site: Gies . Arthur . July 21, 2014 . Dota 2 team Newbee just won The International 4 — along with the largest eSports prize pool in history . July 12, 2019 . Polygon.
  40. Web site: Dator . James . August 9, 2015 . Evil Geniuses win The International Dota 2 Championship 2015 . July 12, 2019 . SB Nation.
  41. Web site: Walker . Dylan . August 13, 2016 . Wings Gaming wins the Dota 2 International 2016, nearly $10 million in prize money . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160917155051/https://esports.yahoo.com/wings-gaming-wins-dota-2-000000469.html . September 17, 2016 . August 14, 2016 . Yahoo! esports . Yahoo!.
  42. Web site: Rose . Victoria . August 12, 2017 . How Team Liquid swept The International 2017 Grand Finals for the $10.8M prize . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170816233452/http://www.pcgamer.com/how-team-liquid-swept-the-international-2017-grand-finals-for-the-108m-prize/ . August 16, 2017 . August 16, 2017 . . mdy-all.
  43. Web site: Gach . Ethan . August 27, 2018 . Tournament Underdogs Won This Year's Dota 2 International . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20180827173722/https://kotaku.com/tournament-underdogs-won-this-years-dota-2-internationa-1828629983 . August 27, 2018 . August 27, 2018 . Kotaku.
  44. Web site: Michael . Cale . August 25, 2019 . OG make history by beating Team Liquid and winning The International 2019 . Shack News.
  45. Web site: Michael . Cale . October 17, 2021 . Team Spirit shock the world, beat PSG.LGD to win The International 10 . Dot Esports.
  46. Web site: Stubbs . Mike . Team Spirit Wins The International 12 To Become Two Time Champions . 2023-10-30 . Forbes . en.
  47. Web site: Savov . Vlad . Valve is rebooting its Dota 2 tournaments for a more democratic and 'organic' approach . The Verge . July 4, 2017 . July 4, 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170805015528/https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/4/15918696/valve-dota-2-majors-minors-tournaments-2018 . August 5, 2017 .
  48. Web site: Gach . Ethan . Valve Announces Big Changes To Dota 2's Tournament Structure Going Forward . Kotaku . July 3, 2017 . July 4, 2017 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20170710190345/http://compete.kotaku.com/valve-announces-big-changes-to-dota-2s-tournament-struc-1796611517 . July 10, 2017 .
  49. Web site: Rose. Victoria. Here are the top eight Dota Pro Circuit point winners so far. The Flying Courier. February 14, 2018 . April 22, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180423232512/https://www.theflyingcourier.com/2018/2/14/16980298/dota-2-top-team-rankings-points-in-pro-circuit-ti8. April 23, 2018. live.
  50. Web site: Van Allen. Eric. The International 6 qualifiers primer. ESPN. June 25, 2016 . June 29, 2016.
  51. Web site: Rose. Victoria. The teams of the International 2017, part one. PC Gamer. July 14, 2017 . July 19, 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170715094542/http://www.pcgamer.com/the-teams-of-the-international-2017-part-one/. July 15, 2017.
  52. Web site: The International Approaches. blog.dota2.com. July 22, 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170802212131/http://blog.dota2.com/2017/07/the-international-approaches-2/. August 2, 2017.
  53. Web site: Dota 2 - The International 2017. dota2.com. July 10, 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170708192200/http://www.dota2.com/international/announcement/. July 8, 2017.
  54. Web site: Introducing the Interactive Compendium . Dota 2 . July 7, 2016 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20160811043833/http://blog.dota2.com/2013/05/introducing-the-interactive-compendium/ . August 11, 2016 .
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  56. Web site: Dota 2's The International 3 reaches $2m prize pool . Gaston . Martin . . May 16, 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20131118055918/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/dota-2s-the-international-3-reaches-2m-prize-pool/1100-6408442/ . November 18, 2013 .
  57. Web site: The International 3 begins, Prize pool of over $2.8 million . August 4, 2013 . Thomas . Schulenberg . Joystiq . August 15, 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130807002328/http://www.joystiq.com/2013/08/04/dota-2-international-begins-prize-pool-over-2-8-million . August 7, 2013 .
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