Tenuis lateral click explained

Ipa Symbol:k͡ǁ   k͡ʖ
Ipa Symbol2:ᵏǁ   ᵏʖ
Ipa Symbol3:ǁ   ʖ
Kirshenbaum:l![1]
Ipa Number:180, 203
Decimal1:449
Decimal2:662
Braille:and
Braille2:l
Ipa Symbol:q͡ǁ   q͡ʖ
Ipa Symbol2:ǁ   ʖ

See main article: Lateral click.

The voiceless or more precisely tenuis lateral click is a click consonant found primarily among the languages of southern Africa.The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet for a tenuis lateral click with a velar rear articulation is (IPA|k͡ǁ) or (IPA|k͜ǁ), commonly abbreviated to (IPA|kǁ), (IPA|ᵏǁ) or just (IPA|ǁ); a symbol abandoned by the IPA but still preferred by some linguists is (IPA|k͡ʖ) or (IPA|k͜ʖ), abbreviated (IPA|kʖ), (IPA|ᵏʖ) or just (IPA|ʖ). For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are (IPA|q͡ǁ, q͜ǁ, qǁ, ǁ) and (IPA|q͡ʖ, q͜ʖ, qʖ, ʖ).Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. (IPA|ǁk) or (IPA|ǁᵏ); this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.[2]

Features

Features of the tenuis lateral click:

Occurrence

Tenuis lateral clicks are found primarily in the various Khoisan language families of southern Africa and in some neighboring Bantu languages.

Language Word IPAMeaning
exekeke pronounced as /[ʔek͜ǁekeke]/ pronounced as /[ʔeᵏʖekeke]/'to listen'
Khoekhoeǂamǁgûpronounced as /[ŋ͜ǂ͡ʔàm̀k͜ǁṹṹ]/ pronounced as /[ᵑǂˀàm̀ᵏʖṹṹ]/'to inadvertently bite a hard object'
inxeba pronounced as /[íŋk͜ǁeːɓa]/ pronounced as /[íŋᵏʖeːɓa]/'wound' (noun)
xoxa pronounced as /[k͜ǁɔːk͜ǁa]/ pronounced as /[ᵏʖɔːᵏʖa]/'to converse'

References

pronounced as /navigation/

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Kirshenbaum. Evan. FAQ: Representing IPA Phonetics in ASCII (Appendix D).
  2. Book: Afrika und Übersee . 2005 . D. Reimer . 93–94 . en.