Ten recitations explained

The ten recitations or ten readings are ten Qira'ats and recitations of the Quran approved by scholars in their research to determine the frequent recitations.^{[1] [2]}

History

The Quran was revealed in seven ahruf or letters, and the letters are not only in writing, but also in pronunciation, meaning, vowel, endowment signs, and brevity, and due to the different accents and dialects of the Arabs to whom the Quran was revealed.^[3]

Uthman ibn Affan compiled the Quran in one formation, and there are seven fixed recitations and three complementary readings of the seven, so the ten readings are completed, and all these readings and their pronouncements were reported by Muhammad, and were transmitted by the Sahaba, the Tabi'un, and so on.^[4]

Spread

Most of these ten recitations are known by the scholars and people who have received them, and their number is due to their spreading in the Islamic world.^{[5] [6]}

However, the general population of Muslims dispersed in most countries of the Islamic world, their number estimated in the millions, read Hafs's narration on the authority of Aasim.^[7]

In the countries of the Maghreb, they read by reciting Imam Nafi, who is the imam of the people of Medina, whether it is the narration of Warsh or the narration of Qalun.^{[8] [9]}

In Sudan and in Hadhramaut, they read the narration that Al-Duri narrated on the authority of Abu Amr.^[10]

Presentation

When the ten recitations were scientifically stabilized, after an increase of three other readings added to the Ahruf and the recitations of the Seven readers by Imam Ibn al-Jazari, the total became ten readings, and these three added readings are the readings of these Imams:^{[11] [12]}

• .^{[13] [14]}
• .^{[15] [16]}
• .^{[17] [18]}

Recitations

The ten proven and verified recitations of the Imams Qāriʾs of the Quran are in order:^[19]

1. Nafiʽ al-Madani recitation.
2. Ibn Kathir al-Makki recitation.
3. Abu Amr of Basra recitation.
4. Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi recitation.
5. Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud recitation.
6. Hamzah az-Zaiyyat recitation.
7. Al-Kisa'i recitation.
8. recitation.
9. recitation.
10. recitation.

Riwayaat

For each of the ten recitations, there are two reading versions or riwaya, which counts twenty confirmed riwayaat:^[20]

Twenty Quran confirmed Riwayaat! style="text-align:center; background:Orange;"

N°	Qāriʾ	Riwayaat
01	Nafiʽ al-Madani	Warsh recitation
02	Ibn Kathir al-Makki
03	Abu Amr of Basra	Al-Douri 'an Abi 'Amr recitation Al-Soussi recitation
04	Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi
05	Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud	Shu'bah recitation
06	Hamzah az-Zaiyyat
07	Al-Kisa'i
08	Abu Ja'far al-Madani	Isa ibn Wirdan alhidha' Al-Madani recitation Sulaiman ibn Jummaz recitation
09		Ruwais recitation Ruwh ibn abd Al-Momen recitation
10		Ishaq ibn Ibrahim Al-Warraq recitation Idris ibn Abd Al-Karim Al-Haddad recitation

See also

• Qira'at
• Ahruf
• Seven readers
• Ijazah

Notes and References

1. Book: Variant Readings of the Qurʼan: A Critical Study of Their Historical and ... - Ahmad Ali Al-Imam - Google Livres . 9781565644205 . 2021-01-24. Al-Imam . Ahmad Ali . 2006 .
2. Book: The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qurʾān: The Problem of ... - Shady Nasser - Google Livres . 9 November 2012. 9789004241794 . 2021-01-24. Nasser . Shady .
3. Book: تاريخ القرآن - عبد الصبور شاهين - Google Livres . January 2005. 9789771430421 . 2021-01-24. شاهين . عبد الصبور .
4. Web site: تاريخ القران-أول - تيودور نولدكه - Google Livres . 2021-01-24. نولدكه . تيودور .
5. Book: منجد المقرئين ومرشد الطالبين - ابن الجزري/شمس الدين محمد بن محمد - Google Livres . January 1999. 9782745128447 . 2021-01-24.
6. Book: البرهان في علوم القرآن - أبي عبد الله محمد بن بهادر/الزركشي - Google Livres . January 2018. 9782745155474 . 2021-01-24.
7. Book: الدر الناظم لرواية حفص عن عاصم - عفيف الدين عثمان بن عمر بن أبي بكر الشافعي الناشري - Google Livres . January 2016. 9796500325675 . 2021-01-24.
8. Book: جامع البيان في القراءات السبع المشهورة - أبي عمرو عثمان بن سعيد/الداني - Google Livres . January 2012. 9782745134110 . 2021-01-24.
9. Book: الوصفة الكاملة من كلام رب العالمين برواية ورش عن نافع - أبو عمار ميلود عبد الرحمن بنعتيك - Google Livres . January 2013. 9782745179029 . 2021-01-24.
10. Web site: تاريخ القراءات القرانية - عبد الهادي الفضلي - Google Livres . 6 August 2020. 2021-01-24. الفضلي . عبد الهادي .
11. Book: The History of the Qurʾān - Theodor Nφldeke, Friedrich Schwally, Gotthelf Bergstrδίer, Otto Pretzl - Google Livres . 2013-05-17 . 978-9004228795 . 2021-01-24. Nöldeke . Theodor . Schwally . Friedrich . Bergsträßer . Gotthelf . Pretzl . Otto .
12. Web site: Materials for the History of the Text of the Quran; The Old Codices - Google Livres . 2021-01-24. Jeffery . Arthur . 1937 .
13. Book: Textual Criticism and Qur'an Manuscripts - Keith E. Small - Google Livres . 2011-04-22 . 9780739142912 . 2021-01-24. Small . Keith E. .
14. Book: النشر في القراءات العشر - شمس الدين أبي الخير محمد بن محمد/ابن الجزري - Google Livres . January 2016. 9782745136954 . 2021-01-24.
15. Book: The Story of the Qur'an: Its History and Place in Muslim Life - Ingrid Mattson - Google Livres . 2013-02-18 . 9780470673492 . 2021-01-24. Mattson . Ingrid .
16. Book: الكفاية الكبرى في القراءات العشر - أبي العز محمد بن بندار/الواسطي القلانسي - Google Livres . January 2007. 9782745154095 . 2021-01-24.
17. Book: المستنير في القراءات العشر - ابن سوار البغدادي/أبو طاهر أحمد بن علي - Google Livres . January 2010. 9782745152985 . 2021-01-24.
18. Web site: شرح طيبة النشر في القراءات العشر - الجزء الأول - محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن علي النويري - Google Livres . 2021-01-24.
19. Book: المصباح الزاهر في القراءات العشر البواهر 1-2 ج1 - أبو الكرم الشهرزوري/المبارك بن الحسن - Google Livres . January 2008. 9782745156877 . 2021-01-24.
20. Book: تاريخ القراءات في المشرق والمغرب - محمد المختار ولد اباه ،الدكتور - Google Livres . January 2008. 9782745161956 . 2021-01-24.