Charaxes bernardus explained

Charaxes bernardus, the tawny rajah, is a butterfly that belongs to the rajahs and nawabs group, that is, the Charaxinae group of the brush-footed butterflies family. This species can be found in India, China, Indomalaya, and onwards to Indonesia.[1]

Description

Charaxes bernardus has a wingspan of about 7-. The upperside of wings is reddish brown or pale brown-orange, with dark brown/black speckles at the wings tips and small black marks at the margin of the hindwings. On the underside of the wings there are irregular wavy or tawny brown speckles and whitish zigzag bands. Males and females are very similar in appearance.[2] [3]

Habits

It has been recorded as a migrant in South India and is known to mud-puddle.[4]

Food plants

Known food plants of this species include:Aglaia lawii,[5] Aglaia roxburghiana (Meliaceae), Cinnamomum camphora, Litsea glutinosa, Litsea populifolia (Lauraceae), Sapium sebiferum (Euphorbiaceae), Adenanthera pavonina, Paraserianthes falcataria (= Falcataria moluccana), Tamarindus indica (Leguminosae), and Acronychia penduculata (Rutaceae).[6]

Subspecies

See also

References

. Evans . W.H. . William Harry Evans . The Identification of Indian Butterflies . 2nd . Mumbai, India . . 1932 .

. Harish Gaonkar . Butterflies of the Western Ghats, India (including Sri Lanka) - A Biodiversity Assessment of a Threatened Mountain System . Centre for Ecological Sciences . Bangalore, India . 1996 .

. Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth . Butterflies of the Indian Region . 1957 . Bombay, India . . 978-8170192329 .

External links

Notes and References

  1. http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/nymphalidae/charaxinae/charaxes/index.html#bernardus Charaxes bernardus
  2. Web site: Butterflies Club . 2014-08-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115623/http://butterflyclub.greenpower.org.hk/7.14butterflycare/butterflycare/eng/Commonbutterflies.html . 2014-08-26 . dead .
  3. http://potokito-myshot.blogspot.it/2012/03/tawny-rajah-butterfly-charaxes.html Gallery of Bengkulu
  4. Mathew . G. . Binoy . C.F. . 2002 . Migration of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) in the New Amarambalam Reserve Forest of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve . Zoos' Print Journal . 17 . 8 . 844–847 . 10.11609/jott.zpj.17.8.844-7 . 2024-05-19 . free . 2010-04-13 . 2018-06-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180601233051/http://www.zoosprint.org/ZooPrintJournal/2002/August/844-847.pdf . dead .
  5. Kunte, K. 2006. Additions to the known larval host plants of Indian butterflies. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 103(1):119-121
  6. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/research/projects/hostplants/search/list.dsml?searchPageURL=index.dsml&Familyqtype=starts+with&Family=&PFamilyqtype=starts+with&PFamily=&Genusqtype=starts+with&Genus=Charaxes&PGenusqtype=starts+with&PGenus=&Speciesqtype=starts+with&Species=bernardus&PSpeciesqtype=starts+with&PSpecies=&Country=&sort=Family nhm.ac.uk Caterpillar Host-Plant Database
  7. Hanafusa, 1990: Ten new subspecies of Indonesian butterflies (Lep. Papilionidae, Satyridae, Nymphalidae). Futao 4: 12-15.
  8. Hanafusa, H. 1992: Three new Nymphalid butterflies from Indonesia. Futao 9: 1-3.

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