List of tallest buildings in Chicago explained

Chicago, the third-largest city in the United States, is home to 1,397 completed high-rises,[1] 56 of which stand taller than 600feet. The tallest building in the city is the 110-story Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower), which rises 1451feet in the Chicago Loop and was completed in 1974.[2] Sears Tower was the tallest building in the world upon its completion, and remained the tallest building in the United States until May 10, 2013. The second, third, and fourth-tallest buildings in Chicago are the Trump International Hotel & Tower, St Regis Chicago, and the Aon Center, respectively. Of the ten tallest buildings in the United States, two are located in Chicago, and of the fifteen tallest buildings in the United States, five are in Chicago. Chicago has the second-tallest skyline in the United States after New York City, and leads the nation in the twenty tallest women-designed towers in the world, thanks to contributions by Jeanne Gang and Natalie de Blois., Chicago had 125 buildings at least 500feet tall.[3]

Chicago is the birthplace of the skyscraper.[4] [5] The Home Insurance Building, completed in 1885, is regarded as the world's first skyscraper. This building used the steel-frame method, innovated in Chicago. It was originally built with 10 stories, an enormous height in the 1800s, to a height of 138feet. It was later expanded to 12 stories with a height of 180feet. The building was demolished in 1931.[6] [7] New York City then began building skyscrapers as Chicago had done, and the two cities were virtually the only cities in the world with huge skylines for many decades. Chicago has always played a prominent role in the development of skyscrapers and three past buildings have been the tallest building in the United States. Being the inventor of the skyscraper, Chicago went through a very early high-rise construction boom that lasted from the early 1920s to the late 1930s, during which nine of the city's 100 tallest buildings were constructed. The city then went through an even larger building boom that has lasted from the early 1960s. The tallest buildings are concentrated in various downtown districts such as the Loop, Streeterville, River North, the South Loop, and the West Loop. Other high-rises extend north along the waterfront into North Side districts such as the Gold Coast, Lincoln Park, Lakeview, Uptown and Edgewater. Some high-rises also extend south from downtown along the waterfront to South Side districts such as Kenwood, Hyde Park, and South Shore.

Several new skyscrapers were constructed in the city throughout the 2000s and 2010s, including the Trump International Hotel and Tower, St Regis Chicago, NEMA Chicago, and Aqua. As of January 2021, there were 19 skyscrapers proposed or under construction,[8] including One Chicago Square, 1000M, and Bank of America Tower, as well as Tribune Tower East, an approved skyscraper set to become the city's second-tallest building.__TOC__

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Daley Centerpoly 8403 1339 8396 779 8572 755 8564 1420 8519 1380 8474 1378 8465 1337 Legacy Towerpoly 8536 1582 8539 1409 8514 1384 8600 1383 8635 1442 8632 1579 University Club of Chicagopoly 8568 1326 8566 1215 8609 1214 8611 1296 8617 1300 8623 1329 8607 1330 8606 1320 8593 1320 8594 1338 8573 1340 8574 1328 LaSalle-Wacker Buildingpoly 8653 1327 8650 1057 8824 1048 8825 1086 8750 1085 8712 1111 8715 1330 300 North LaSallepoly 8720 1335 8717 1110 8757 1083 8848 1084 8881 1108 8880 1127 8862 1144 8863 1163 8854 1168 8853 1265 8840 1263 8837 1195 8830 1159 8771 1159 8772 1194 8761 1195 8762 1297 8751 1298 8751 1336 United Buildingpoly 8857 1323 8855 1167 8863 1167 8865 1139 8876 1132 8903 1095 8934 1137 8938 1136 8942 1166 8950 1166 8951 1327 Pittsfield Buildingpoly 8953 1258 8950 1163 8937 1132 8921 1118 8918 1082 9012 1076 9087 1084 9086 1322 9063 1321 9060 1270 9039 1270 9038 1251 Leo Burnett Buildingpoly 9136 1505 9135 1342 9092 1336 9091 1054 9123 1054 9124 1024 9155 1016 9242 1026 9246 1504 The Heritage at Millennium Parkpoly 9359 1545 9359 1190 9442 1071 9547 1193 9540 1542 Crain Communications Buildingpoly 9263 1476 9261 1355 9243 1354 9241 1176 9304 1171 9360 1175 9350 1475 Kemper Buildingpoly 9574 1512 9568 1066 9705 1063 9702 1248 9595 1249 9597 1520 Michigan Plaza Southpoly 9699 1531 9699 1058 9883 1058 9878 1092 9935 1099 9936 1454 10050 1457 10053 1542 9963 1514 9964 1498 9858 1497 9826 1476 9725 1489 9723 1511 One Prudential Plazapoly 9724 1533 9730 1492 9786 1501 9825 1482 9889 1506 9960 1500 9963 1540 9730 1535 Jay Pritzker Pavilionpoly 9817 1051 9812 704 9869 703 9868 531 9948 532 9955 1077 9894 1074 9891 1048 Trump Tower Chicagopoly 9939 1449 9950 910 9975 839 10033 672 10130 912 10126 1526 10060 1538 10054 1452 Two Prudential Plazapoly 10158 1585 10154 433 10400 435 10401 1594 Aon Centerpoly 10411 1572 10408 816 10706 816 10706 848 10731 853 10726 1589 Blue Cross Blue Shield Towerpoly 10710 854 10709 803 10897 795 10896 873 10751 878 10747 859 Aquapoly 10725 1592 10731 883 10939 869 10939 1583 340 on the Parkpoly 10983 1577 10980 1153 11104 1154 11115 1165 11146 1171 11141 1578 The Buckinghampoly 11112 1166 11113 1126 11136 1090 11154 1089 11180 1134 11179 1311 11147 1311 11147 1168 Park Towerpoly 11214 1594 11210 1173 11249 1172 11249 1152 11257 1153 11257 1140 11322 1139 11334 1141 11334 1153 11348 1156 11348 1168 11381 1173 11387 1220 11261 1218 11257 1598 The Tidespoly 11351 1167 11352 1146 11443 1144 11443 1151 11459 1154 11459 1181 11407 1182 11406 1220 11390 1220 11389 1173 11359 1168 Olympia Centrepoly 11249 1585 11254 1229 11403 1216 11403 1181 11490 1182 11487 1220 11630 1227 11632 1581 Outer Drive Eastpoly 11629 1546 11629 1230 11580 1228 11579 1212 11614 1212 11613 1194 11636 1194 11636 1179 11661 1177 11690 1181 11690 1191 11713 1195 11713 1209 11746 1213 11745 1575 11662 1573 11662 1546 The Shorehampoly 11552 1218 11588 692 11673 693 11702 1087 11587 1089 11587 1219 875 North Michigan Avenuepoly 11589 1208 11587 1091 11743 1092 11741 1210 11721 1205 11718 1193 11696 1191 11695 1179 11636 1177 11631 1192 11614 1192 11612 1210 Water Tower Placepoly 11756 1565 11755 1017 11873 1015 11870 1570 North Harbor Towerpoly 11871 1583 11873 1038 11896 1036 11896 1014 11936 1007 12007 1015 12007 1042 12061 1044 12075 1591 Harbor Pointpoly 12064 1569 12063 1043 12022 1043 12021 1017 12111 1015 12112 1034 12161 1035 12160 1571 The Parkshorepoly 12160 1336 12160 1249 12183 1252 12182 1336 400 East Ohio Streetpoly 12209 1342 12205 1292 12229 1290 12231 1253 12248 1255 12250 1227 12284 1225 12287 1256 12309 1256 12309 1291 12332 1292 12331 1331 12275 1331 12274 1339 401 East Ontariopoly 12353 1330 12344 1189 12463 1192 12461 1499 12446 1496 12446 1338 Onterie Centerpoly 12440 1592 12441 1500 12518 1503 12518 1122 12626 1123 12628 1584 North Pier Apartmentspoly 13032 1595 13034 1080 13228 1083 13229 1600 Lake Point Towerpoly 13713 1651 13715 1481 16291 1501 16286 1664 Navy Pierdesc none

Tallest buildings

This list ranks completed Chicago skyscrapers that stand at least 550feet tall, based on standard height measurement. There are no buildings in Illinois outside of downtown Chicago that exceed that height. This height includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. The "Year" column indicates the year of completion.

RankNameImageHeight
ft (m)		FloorsYearCoordinatesNotes
1Willis Tower1081974Formerly known as Sears Tower; 3rd-tallest building in the United States, 26th-tallest building in the world; tallest building in the world from 1974 until 1998. Also the tallest building in the Midwest. Tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 1970s..[9] [10]
2Trump International Hotel and Tower9820097th-tallest building in the United States
tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 2000s.[11] [12]
3St. Regis Chicago1012020Formerly known as the Wanda Vista Tower; 11th-tallest building in the United States, and the tallest skyscraper in the world designed by a woman. It is the newest supertall skyscraper in Chicago. Tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 2020s.[13] [14]
4Aon Center83197312th-tallest building in the U.S.; formerly known as the Standard Oil Building.Was the tallest building in Chicago before being surpassed by the Willis Tower.[15] [16]
5875 North Michigan Avenue1001969Formerly known as John Hancock Center; 13th-tallest building in the United States; tallest building constructed in the world in the 1960s; first building in the world outside of New York City to rise at least 1000feet.Was the tallest building in Chicago before being surpassed by the Aon Center.[17] [18]
6Franklin Center611989Formerly known as the AT&T Corporate Center; 27th-tallest building in the United States; tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 1980s.[19] [20]
7Two Prudential Plaza64199030th-tallest building in the United States
tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 1990s.[21] [22]
8One Chicago East Tower78202234th-tallest building in the United States. Topped out in July 2021.[23]
9311 South Wacker Drive65199037th-tallest building in the United States.[24] [25]
10NEMA Chicago762019Tallest all rental apartment building in Chicago. tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 2010s.21954NEMA Chicago">[26]
11900 North Michigan661989[27] [28]
12=Aqua822009Currently the second-tallest building in the world designed by a female-led architectural firm; first skyscraper in Chicago to contain a hotel, condominiums, apartments and retail space.[29] [30] [31] [32]
12=Water Tower Place741976[33] [34]
14Chase Tower850(259)601969Also known as First National Plaza.Was the tallest building in Chicago before being surpassed by the John Hancock Center.[35] [36]
15Park Tower672000[37] [38]
16One Bennett Park692018
17Salesforce Tower Chicago602023Formerly known as Wolf Point South Tower.[39] [40]
18The Legacy at Millennium Park732010[41] [42]
19110 North Wacker512020[43] [44]
201000M732024Construction was temporarily halted in June 2020 due to funding issues and COVID-19 concerns; a revised design received city approval in June 2021 and construction resumed in December 2021. Topped out in July 2023. [45] [46] [47] [48] [49]
21300 North LaSalle602009[50] [51]
22Three First National Plaza571981[52] [53]
23Grant Thornton Tower501992[54] [55]
24150 North Riverside542017Tallest building in the city west of the Chicago River.[56] [57]
25Blue Cross Blue Shield Tower572010First phase completed in 1997; 24–floor vertical expansion completed in 2010.[58] [59] [60]
26River Point522017[61]
27Olympia Centre631986[62] [63] [64]
28BMO Tower512022Topped out in 2021.[65] [66] [67]
29One Museum Park622009[68] [69]
30330 North Wabash521973Also known as the IBM Building.[70] [71]
31Waldorf Astoria Chicago602010[72] [73]
32111 South Wacker Drive512005[74] [75]
33181 West Madison Street501990[76] [77]
3471 South Wacker482005[78] [79]
35One Magnificent Mile571983[80] [81]
36340 on the Park642007[82] [83]
37=77 West Wacker Drive491992Formerly known as the United Building and the R.R. Donnelley Building.[84] [85]
37=Wolf Point East Tower60202041.8875°N -87.6368°W[86]
39One North Wacker502001Also known as the UBS Tower.[87] [88]
40Richard J. Daley Center321965Tallest flat-roofed building in the world that contains fewer than 40 floors.Was the tallest building in Chicago before being surpassed by Chase Tower.[89] [90]
4155 East Erie Street5620032nd-tallest all-residential building in Chicago.[91] [92]
42=Lake Point Tower701968The only tower in the city that sits on the east side of Lake Shore Drive.[93] [94]
42=River East Center582001[95] [96]
44Grand Plaza I572003[97] [98]
45155 North Wacker452009[99] [100]
46Leo Burnett Building501989[101] [102]
47The Heritage at Millennium Park572005[103] [104]
48OneEleven592014Tallest building built in the city in 2014. Formally 111 W. Wacker and Waterview Tower.[105]
49NBC Tower371989[106] [107]
50353 North Clark442009[108] [109]
51Essex on the Park572019
52Millennium Centre582003[110] [111]
53Chicago Place491991[112] [113]
54Chicago Board of Trade Building441930One of the tallest Art Deco buildings in the world; tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 1930s.Was the tallest building in Chicago before being surpassed by the Richard J. Daley Center.[114] [115]
55=One Prudential Plaza411955Tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 1950s.[116] [117]
55=CNA Center441972[118] [119]
57Heller International Building451992
58200 West Madison441982[120] [121]
59The Grant542010[122] [123]
601000 Lake Shore Plaza551964[124] [125]
61The Clare522008[126] [127]
62=Accenture Tower421987[128] [129]
62=Marina City I611964Marina City was the first building in the United States to be constructed with the Linden climbing tower cranes. It was also the first post-war urban high-rise residential complex in the United States. The two towers were both the tallest residential and tallest concrete structures in the world upon completion in 1968.[130] [131] [132]
62=Marina City II611964Marina City was the first building in the United States to be constructed with the Linden climbing tower cranes. It was also the first post-war urban high-rise residential complex in the United States. The two towers were both the tallest residential and tallest concrete structures in the world upon completion in 1968.[133] [134] [135]
65Optima Signature572017[136]
66Mid-Continental Plaza491972[137] [138]
67Crain Communications Building411983[139] [140]
68North Pier Apartments611990[141] [142]
69Citadel Center392003[143] [144]
70The Fordham522003[145] [146]
71One Chicago West Tower492022Topped out in July 2021.
72190 South LaSalle Street401987[147] [148]
73One South Dearborn392005[149] [150]
74Onterie Center601986[151] [152]
75Loews Hotel Tower522015Tallest building built in the city in 2015.
76=Chicago Temple Building211924Tallest building constructed in Chicago in the 1920s.Was the tallest building in Chicago before being surpassed by the Chicago Board Of Trade Building.[153] [154]
76=151 North Franklin352018In June 2018, 151 North Franklin became the new corporate headquarters for CNA Insurance, which has been headquartered in the Chicago Loop since 1900.
78Palmolive Building371929[155] [156]
79=Kluczynski Federal Building421974[157]
79=Cirrus562 (171)372022[158]
81=Huron Plaza561983[159] [160]
81=Boeing International Headquarters361990[161] [162]
83Pittsfield Building381927[163]
84=The Parkshore561991[164] [165]
84=North Harbor Tower551988[166] [167]
86Civic Opera House451929[168]
87=Harbor Point541975[169] [170]
87=Atwater Apartments552009[171] [172]
8930 North LaSalle441975[173]

Tallest buildings by pinnacle height

This list ranks Chicago skyscrapers based on their pinnacle height, which includes radio masts and antennas. Standard architectural height measurement, which excludes antennas in building height, is included for comparative purposes. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed.

Pinn.
Rank
Std.
Rank
NamePinnacle
height
ft (m)		Standard
height
ft (m)		FloorsYearSource
11Willis Tower1101974
25875 North Michigan Avenue1001969
32Trump International Hotel and Tower982009
43St Regis Chicago1012020
54Aon Center831973
66Franklin Center North Tower611989
77Two Prudential Plaza641990
88311 South Wacker Drive651990
951One Prudential Plaza411955
109NEMA Chicago76201921954NEMA Chicago"/>

Tallest under construction or proposed

Under construction

This lists buildings that are under construction in Chicago and are planned to rise at least 300feet. Buildings whose construction is on-hold are also included. A floor count of 30 stories is used as the cutoff for buildings whose heights have not yet been released by their developers. The "Year" category denotes when the building is expected to be completed.

NameHeight*
ft (m)		Floors*Year*
(est.)		Notes
400 Lake Shore Drive North Tower875 (267)722027Approved December 14, 2020. Groundbreaking ceremony was held in June 2024. [174] [175]
360 North Green Street399 (122)242024Approved March 2022[176] [177]
344 North Canal Street375 (114)332024Approved May 21, 2020.[178] [179] [180]
1112 West Carroll Avenue370 (113)332024Approved September 2021.
150 East Ontario Street 345 (105)282024[181]
225 North Elizabeth Street314 (96)282024[182]
220 N Ada Street314 (96)282026Approved March 2022[183] [184]
868 North Wells Street305 (93)272024[185]

Approved and proposed

This lists buildings that are proposed for construction in Chicago and that are planned to rise at least 300feet. A floor count of 50 stories is used as the cutoff for buildings whose heights have not yet been released by their developers. The "Year" category denotes when construction of the building is expected to begin.

NameHeight*
ft (m)		Floors*Year*
(est.)		Notes
Tribune East Tower1,442 (440)1132027Approved May 11, 2020.[186] Delayed several times, construction is expected to start in 2024.[187] Would become the second-tallest building in Chicago upon completion.[188] [189]
Lakeshore East I Tower950 (289)802022[190]
400 Lake Shore Drive South Tower765 (233)TBD—Approved December 14, 2020
130 North Franklin Street700 (214)53—Approved August 2015.[191] [192]
Southbank Building A598 (182)51—
725 West Randolph Street550 (187)TBD2022Initial design was approved July 19, 2018; revised design is pending approval.[193] [194]
193 North Columbus Drive502 (153)472022Formerly known as Lakeshore East Site O.[195] [196]
222 North Stetson AvenueTBD46—[197] [198]
1520-1576 North Fremont Street465 (142)40—Zoning application filed July 25, 2018.[199]
Rivere455 (139)30—Formerly known as 444 North Dearborn Street.[200] [201]
1565 N Clybourn450 (137)37—[202]
Southbank Building B418 (127)38—
315 North May Street410 (125)262024Approved September 2021.[203] [204]
322 North Clark Street395 (120)32—Approved August 2016.[205] [206]
1130 North State Street345 (105)302022Approved September 2021.[207] [208] [209]
12 West Maple Street330 (101)22—Approved September 19, 2019.[210]

Cancelled

This lists buildings designed to rise at least 800feet that were approved for construction in Chicago but were cancelled prior to completion. This list does not include vision projects such as Gateway Tower or the Miglin-Beitler Skyneedle, nor does it include projects that were not approved by the Chicago Plan Commission such as the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel and Residence Tower.

NameHeight*
ft (m)		Floors*ApprovedCancelledNotes
7 South Dearborn2,000 (610)11219992000One South Dearborn was built on the site instead.[211] [212]
Chicago Spire2,000 (610)15020072016400 Lake Shore Drive is the current proposal for the site.[213]
Old Chicago Main Post Office Twin Towers2,000 (610)12020112014Part of the Old Chicago Main Post Office Redevelopment pursued by Bill Davies.
Waterview Tower1,047 (319)8920052008The original design for Waterview Tower was cancelled after construction of the first 26 floors of the building. OneEleven was built on the vacated structure.[214] [215]

Timeline of tallest buildings

NameImageYears as tallestHeightft (m)FloorsNotes
First Holy Name Cathedral1854–18691[216]
Saint Michael's Church1869–18851[217]
Chicago Board of Trade Building1885–189510[218]
Masonic Temple Building1895<--This date seems wrong according to Masonic Temple (Chicago) A:It's year when tallest, not year built.-->–189921[219]
Montgomery Ward Building1899–192222[220]
Wrigley Building1922–192430[221]
Chicago Temple Building1924–193023[222]
Chicago Board of Trade Building1930–196544[223]
Richard J. Daley Center1965–196932[224]
Chase Tower (Chicago)196960
John Hancock Center1969–1973100[225]
Aon Center1973–197483
Willis Tower1974–present108[226]

Honorable mentions

See also

Notes

A. This building was destroyed by the Great Chicago Fire in 1871, and replaced by the current cathedral of the same name in 1875.

B. The clock tower on this building was removed in 1895, allowing a shorter building to become the tallest in the city.

C. The Masonic Temple, built in 1892, became the tallest in Chicago three years later when the Board of Trade Building had its clock tower removed.

D. This building is currently 282feet tall, following the removal of a pyramid top and sculpture.

References

General
Specific

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Chicago. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20141008210433/http://www.emporis.com/city/chicago-il-usa. 2014-10-08. 2020-08-12. Emporis.
  2. Web site: Willis Tower . . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20140109160432/http://skyscrapercenter.com/building.php?building_id=169 . January 9, 2014 . March 12, 2013 .
  3. Web site: CTBUH Tall Building Database Chicago. 2019-12-26 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190502052718/http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/city/chicago . 2019-05-02 .
  4. Web site: Eyes of Chicago Turn to Plan for a New Landmark. 2008-07-07. 2001-07-28. The New York Times Company. Fountain, John W..
  5. Web site: Classical city soars above Capone clichés . 2008-07-31 . 2005-09-10 . Financial Times. Daniel, Caroline and Jeremy Grant . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20090625184708/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/63ad44b2-2196-11da-a603-00000e2511c8.html . 2009-06-25 .
  6. Web site: Home Insurance Building . 2008-06-15 . Emporis. dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070321184647/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=homeinsurancebuilding-chicago-il-usa . 2007-03-21 .
  7. Web site: Home Insurance Building . 2008-06-15 . SkyscraperPage.com . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20110629092831/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=10370 . 2011-06-29 .
  8. News: Toronto on track to have more skyscrapers than Chicago, but will quality match quantity? CBC News. en-US. CBC. 2020-11-12.
  9. Web site: Willis Tower . 2012-07-24 . . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120708073127/http://www.emporis.com/building/willis-tower-chicago-il-usa . 2012-07-08 .
  10. Web site: Willis Tower . SkyscraperPage.com . 2012-07-23 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20120723055943/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=5 . 2012-07-23 .
  11. Web site: Trump International Hotel & Tower . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080219054027/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=trumpinternationalhoteltower-chicago-il-usa . 2008-02-19 .
  12. Web site: Trump International Hotel & Tower . 2007-12-21 . SkyscraperPage.com . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224550/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=16 . 2007-12-11 .
  13. Web site: Vista Tower - The Skyscraper Center. 2020-10-26. www.skyscrapercenter.com.
  14. Web site: Ori. Ryan. Goodbye Vista Tower, hello St. Regis. Chicago's newest skyscraper has a new name, new hotel and a restaurant deal with Alinea Group.. 2020-11-27. chicagotribune.com. 25 November 2020 .
  15. Web site: Aon Center . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071016024442/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=aoncenter-chicago-il-usa . 2007-10-16 .
  16. Web site: Vista Tower (St Regis Chicago. 2020-11-27. SkyscraperPage.com.
  17. Web site: John Hancock Center . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080229023818/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=johnhancockcenter-chicago-il-usa . 2008-02-29 .
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  19. Web site: Franklin Center North Tower. Phorio.com. 2012-06-25.
  20. Web site: AT&T Corporate Center . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211221129/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=37 . 2007-12-11 .
  21. Web site: Two Prudential Plaza . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071019124201/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=2prudentialplaza-chicago-il-usa . 2007-10-19 .
  22. Web site: Two Prudential Plaza . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224647/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=32 . 2007-12-11 .
  23. Web site: Skyscraper across from Holy Name Cathedral ready to rise. Koziarz. Jay. 2019-03-21. Curbed Chicago. 2019-03-30.
  24. Web site: 311 South Wacker . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080229031902/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=311southwackerdrive-chicago-il-usa . 2008-02-29 .
  25. Web site: 311 South Wacker Drive . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224703/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=33 . 2007-12-11 .
  26. Web site: A first peek inside NEMA Chicago, the city's tallest rental building. Koziarz. Jay. 17 July 2019. Curbed Chicago. 17 July 2019.
  27. Web site: 900 North Michigan . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151017165042/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/116825/900-north-michigan-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-17 .
  28. Web site: 900 North Michigan . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224555/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=161 . 2007-12-11 .
  29. Web site: Aqua . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070430013227/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=aqua-chicago-il-usa . 2007-04-30 .
  30. Web site: Aqua . 2007-12-21 . SkyscraperPage.com . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224804/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=46482 . 2007-12-11 .
  31. Web site: At Aqua and other projects, Jeanne Gang offers material evidence for her 'rising star' status . Kamin, Blair . 2008-06-23 . 2008-03-27 . . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20081006111555/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/theskyline/2008/03/at-aqua-and-oth.html . 2008-10-06 .
  32. Web site: Construction Under Way for Spectacular, Jeanne Gang-designed Aqua at Lakeshore East . 2008-06-23 . Magellan Development . 2008-03-12 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090626185301/http://www.magellandevelopment.com/media/pr/aqua-3-12-2007.html . June 26, 2009 .
  33. Web site: Water Tower Place . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160111075620/http://www.emporis.com/search/water%20tower%20place . 2016-01-11 .
  34. Web site: Water Tower Place . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211221139/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=43 . 2007-12-11 .
  35. Web site: Chase Tower . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070930081143/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=chasetower-chicago-il-usa . 2007-09-30 .
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  37. Web site: Park Tower . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018181748/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/116666/park-tower-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
  38. Web site: Park Tower . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224800/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=45 . 2007-12-11 .
  39. Web site: Salesforce signs big lease, fast-tracking construction on 60-story Wolf Point tower . Koziarz . Jay . 3 December 2018. Curbed Chicago . 24 December 2018.
  40. Web site: Work begins on third and final Wolf Point skyscraper. Koziarz. Jay. 10 April 2020. Curbed Chicago. 12 April 2020.
  41. Web site: The Legacy at Millennium Park . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070228095548/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=streetlegacyatmillenniumpark-chicago-il-usa . 2007-02-28 .
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  43. Web site: 110 North Wacker Drive. https://web.archive.org/web/20210921052010/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1337862/110-north-wacker-drive-chicago-il-usa. dead. September 21, 2021. Emporis. 9 October 2020.
  44. Web site: Column: City's tallest office building in 30 years opens along Chicago River, mixing drama and banality. Kamin. Blair. 9 October 2020. Chicago Tribune. 9 October 2020.
  45. Web site: Chicago Plan Commission Approves 1000 South Michigan. Ursini. Shawn. 22 April 2016. Curbed Chicago . 9 September 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160829103904/http://chicago.curbed.com/2016/4/22/11485782/chicago-plan-commission-approves-1000-south-michigan . 29 August 2016 .
  46. Web site: Construction begins on Helmut Jahn's 74-story tower that will alter the skyline. Koziarz. Jay. 2 December 2019. Curbed Chicago. 12 December 2019.
  47. Web site: Construction halted on Helmut Jahn-designed skyscraper on South Michigan Avenue. Developers say it's because of COVID-19 safety concerns. Ori. Ryan. 5 June 2020. Chicago Tribune. 11 July 2020.
  48. Web site: Forget the condos. Helmut Jahn-designed skyscraper gets OK for 738 apartments. Ori. Ryan. 17 June 2021. Chicago Tribune. 19 June 2021.
  49. Web site: Financing back in place for Michigan Avenue tower. Roeder. David. 8 December 2021. Chicago Tribune. 29 December 2021.
  50. Web site: 300 North LaSalle . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018181904/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/102149/300-north-lasalle-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
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  52. Web site: Three First National Plaza . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018161711/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/117547/three-first-national-plaza-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
  53. Web site: Three First National Plaza . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224612/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=211 . 2007-12-11 .
  54. Web site: Chicago Title & Trust Building . Emporis . October 13, 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151017152430/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/116860/chicago-title-trust-building-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-17 .
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  56. Web site: 150 North Riverside. 2014-07-06. SkyscraperPage.com.
  57. Web site: 150 North Riverside - The Skyscraper Center. www.skyscrapercenter.com. 2020-04-25.
  58. Web site: Blue Cross-Blue Shield Tower . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018003522/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/116823/blue-cross-blue-shield-tower-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
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  60. Web site: Blue Cross-Blue Shield Tower - The Skyscraper Center. www.skyscrapercenter.com. 2020-04-25.
  61. Web site: 200 North Riverside Plaza. 2014-07-06. SkyscraperPage.com.
  62. Web site: Olympia Centre . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018165123/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/117196/olympia-centre-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
  63. Web site: Olympia Centre . SkyscraperPage.com . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224622/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=213 . 2007-12-11 .
  64. Web site: Olympia Centre - The Skyscraper Center. www.skyscrapercenter.com. 2020-04-25.
  65. Web site: 50-story office tower to begin construction next to Union Station after getting $476 million loan. Ori. Ryan. 4 December 2019. Chicago Tribune. 22 December 2019.
  66. Web site: A 50-story tower from developers reshaping the area near Union Station is underway. Koziarz. Jay. Freund. Sara. 20 December 2019. Curbed Chicago. 22 December 2019.
  67. Web site: West Loop Skyscraper to Add Height, Scrape More Sky. 20 February 2020. ChicagoArchitecture.org. 21 February 2020.
  68. Web site: One Museum Park. Emporis. https://web.archive.org/web/20071019123834/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=1museumpark-chicago-il-usa. 2007-10-19. dead. 2007-12-21.
  69. Web site: Central Park - One Museum Park. SkyscraperPage.com. https://web.archive.org/web/20071211224713/http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=35956. 2007-12-11. dead. 2007-12-21.
  70. Web site: 330 North Wabash . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150907111609/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/116749/ama-plaza-chicago-il-usa . 2015-09-07 .
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  72. Web site: Waldorf Astoria Chicago . Emporis. 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018015048/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/188061/elysian-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
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  74. Web site: 111 South Wacker . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151017211655/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/169011/111-south-wacker-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-17 .
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  76. Web site: 181 West Madison . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151017160955/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/117219/181-west-madison-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-17 .
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  80. Web site: One Magnificent Mile . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018181649/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/117208/one-magnificent-mile-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
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  82. Web site: 340 on the Park . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018003106/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/102131/340-on-the-park-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
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  84. Web site: United Building. Phorio.com. 2012-12-19.
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  91. Web site: 55 East Erie . . 2007-12-21 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080301143638/http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/bu/?id=55easterie-chicago-il-usa . 2008-03-01 .
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  155. Web site: Palmolive Building . . 2015-10-13 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20151018155124/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/117100/palmolive-building-chicago-il-usa . 2015-10-18 .
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  183. Web site: 31 March 2022 . City Council Approves New High Rises In Fulton Market .
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