Royal Title: | Sultan |
Realm: | Delhi |
Coatofarms: | Delhi Sultanate Flag.svg |
Coatofarmscaption: | Flag |
Style: | |
First Monarch: | Qutb ud-Din Aibak |
Last Monarch: | Ibrahim Khan Lodi |
Residence: | |
Appointer: | Hereditary |
Began: | 12 June 1206 |
Ended: | 21 April 1526 |
The Sultan of Delhi was the absolute monarch of the Delhi Sultanate that stretched over large parts of the subcontinent during the period of Medieval India, for 320 years (1206–1526).[1] [2] Following the conquest of South Asia by the Ghurids, five unrelated heterogeneous dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290), the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414),[3] the Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). It covered large swaths of territory in modern-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.[4]
This list contains the rulers of Delhi Sultanate in chronological order.[5]
See also: Mamluk dynasty (Delhi).
S/N | Name of ruler | Birth Date | Death Date | Beginning of reign | End of reign | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Qutb-ud-din Aibak | 1150 | 14 November 1210 | 25 June 1206 | 14 November 1210 | ||
2 | Aram Shah | 1176 | June 1211 | December 1210 | June 1211 | ||
3 | Iltutmish | unknown | 30 April 1236 | June 1211 | 30 April 1236 | Son-in-law of Aibak | |
4 | Ruknuddin Firuz (Firuz I) | unknown | 19 November 1236 | April/May 1236 | November 1236 | Son of Iltutmish | |
5 | Razia Sultana | c. 1205[6] | 15 October 1240 | November 1236 | 20 April 1240 | Daughter of Iltutmish | |
6 | Muiz ud din Bahram | 9 July 1212 | 15 May 1242 | May 1240 | 15 May 1242 | Son of Iltutmish | |
7 | Ala-ud-Din Masud Shah | unknown | 10 June 1246 | May 1242 | 10 June 1246 | Son of Ruknuddin Firuz | |
8 | Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah (Mahmud I) | 1229 or 1230 | 18 February 1266 | 10 June 1246 | 18 February 1266 | Grandson of Iltutmish | |
9 | Ghiyas ud din Balban | 1216 | 1287 | February 1266 | 1287 | Turkish noble in the court of Iltutmish | |
10 | Muiz ud din Qaiqabad | 1269 | 1 February 1290 | 1287 | 1 February 1290 | Grandson of Balban | |
11 | Shamsuddin Kayumars | 1285/1287 | 13 June 1290 | 1 February 1290 | 13 June 1290 | Son of Qaiqabad |
See also: Khalji dynasty.
S/N | Name | Birth date | Death date | Beginning of reign | End of reign | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12 | Jalal-ud-din Khalji (Firuz II) | 1220 | 19 July 1296 | 13 June 1290 | 19 July 1296 | ||
– | Ruknuddin Ibrahim | unknown | after 1296 | July 1296 | November 1296 | Son of Jalal-ud-din Khalji. He ruled for a short time, not always indicating his names on the lists. | |
13 | Alauddin Khalji | c. 1266 | 4 January 1316 | November 1296 | 4 January 1316 | Nephew of Jalal-ud-din Khalji | |
14 | Shihabuddin Omar | 1310 or 1311 | April 1316 | 5 January 1316 | April 1316 | Son of Alauddin Khalji | |
15 | Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah | 1299 | 9 July 1320 | 14 April 1316 | 1 May 1320 | Son of Alauddin Khalji |
See also: Tughluq dynasty.
S/N | Name | Birth date | Death date | Beginning of reign | End of reign | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
17 | Ghiyasuddin Tughluq | unknown | 1 February 1325 | 8 September 1320 | 1 February 1325 | ||
18 | Muhammad bin Tughluq (Muhammad II) | c. 1290 | 20 March 1351 | 1 February 1325 | 20 March 1351 | Son of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq | |
19 | Firuz Shah Tughlaq (Firuz III) | 1309 | 20 September 1388 | 23 March 1351 | 20 September 1388 | Son-in-law of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq | |
20 | Tughluq Khan (Tughluq II) | unknown | 14 March 1389 | 20 September 1388 | 14 March 1389 | Grandson of Firuz Shah Tughlaq | |
21 | Abu Bakr Shah | unknown | after 1390 | 15 March 1389 | August 1390 | Grandson of Firuz Shah Tughlaq | |
22 | Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III (Muhammad III) | unknown | 20 January 1394 | 31 August 1390 | 20 January 1394 | Son of Firuz Shah Tughlaq | |
23 | Ala ud-din Sikandar Shah | unknown | 8 March 1394 | 22 January 1394 | 8 March 1394 | Son of Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III | |
24 | Nasir-ud-din Mahmud Shah Tughluq | unknown | February 1413 | March 1394 | February 1413 | Son of Nasir ud din Muhammad Shah III | |
– | Nasir-ud-din Nusrat Shah Tughluq | unknown | 1398 or 1399 | January 1395 | 1398 or 1399 | Brother of Tughluq Khan. Mahmud Shah's anti-king, claimant to the throne, sub-ruler. |
See also: Sayyid dynasty.
S/N | Name | Birth date | Death date | Beginning of reign | End of reign | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
25 | Khizr Khan | unknown | 20 May 1421 | 28 May 1414 | 20 May 1421 | ||
26 | Mubarak Shah | unknown | 19 February 1434 | 21 May 1421 | 19 February 1434 | Son of Khizr Khan | |
27 | Muhammad Shah (Muhammad IV) | unknown | January 1445 | February 1434 | January 1445 | Grandson of Khizr Khan | |
28 | Alam Shah | unknown | July 1478 | January 1445 | 19 April 1451 | Son of Muhammad Shah |
See also: Lodi dynasty.
S/N | Name | Birth date | Death date | Beginning of reign | End of reign | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
29 | Bahlul Lodi | 1420 | 12 July 1489 | 19 April 1451 | 12 July 1489 | ||
30 | Sikandar Lodi (Sikandar II) | 17 July 1458 | 21 November 1517 | 17 July 1489 | 21 November 1517 | Son of Bahlul Lodi | |
31 | Ibrahim Lodi | 1480 | 21 April 1526 | November 1517 | 21 April 1526 | Son of Sikandar Lodi |