Stemona Explained

Stemona is a genus of vines and subshrubs in the family Stemonaceae, described as a genus in 1790.^{[1] [2]}

Stemona is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Papuasia, and northern Australia.^{[3] [4]}

Fossil record

2 fossil seeds of †Stemona germanica from the early Miocene, have been found in the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia, the Czech Republic. Fossil seeds of Stemona germanica have also been recorded from the nearby Hartau in Germany. Stemona fossil seeds are recorded from many European sites ranging in ages from the Maastrichtian to the Late Miocene.^[5]

Cultivation and uses

Stemona tuberosa (Chinese: 百部; pinyin: bǎi bù), is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine.

Stemofoline alkaloids occur in the stems and leaves of Stemona species, particularly S. japonica and have been investigated for use as pharmacological and pesticidal compounds.^{[6] [7] [8]} The chemical structure of the insecticide flupyradifurone was inspired by stemofoline.^[9]

External links

• • Germplasm Resources Information Network: Stemona

Notes and References

1. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/654094#page/50/mode/1up Loureiro, João de. 1790. Flora cochinchinensis : sistens plantas in regno Cochinchina nascentes. Quibus accedunt aliae observatae in Sinensi imperio, Africa Orientali, Indiaeque locis variis. Omnes dispositae secundum systema sexuale Linnaeanum 2: 401, 404
2. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40005171 Tropicos, Stemona Lour.
3. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=308838 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
4. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=131330 Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 70 百部属 bai bu shu Stemona Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 401, 404. 1790.
5. A review of the early Miocene Mastixioid flora of the Kristina Mine at Hrádek nad Nisou in North Bohemia, The Czech Republic, January 2012 by F. Holý, Z. Kvaček and Vasilis Teodoridis - ACTA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Series B – Historia Naturalis • vol. 68 • 2012 • no. 3–4 • pp. 53–118
6. Book: 1999. Yamamoto. Izuru. Casida. John E.. Nicotinoid Insecticides and the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor. en-gb. 10.1007/978-4-431-67933-2. 978-4-431-68011-6. 34374399. 46.
7. Tang . Chun-Ping . Chen . Tong . Velten . Robert . Jeschke . Peter . Ebbinghaus-Kintscher . Ulrich . Geibel . Sven . Ye . Yang . Alkaloids from Stems and Leaves of Stemona japonica and Their Insecticidal Activities . Journal of Natural Products . 1 January 2008 . 71 . 1 . 112–116 . 10.1021/np070427k. 18163592 .
8. Huang . Xiong-Zhi . Gao . Long-Hui . Huang . Pei-Qiang . Enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-stemofoline and three congeners based on a biogenetic hypothesis . Nature Communications . 20 October 2020 . 11 . 1 . 5314 . 10.1038/s41467-020-19163-4. free . 33082332 . 7576163 . 2020NatCo..11.5314H .
9. Nauen. Ralf. Jeschke. Peter. Velten. Robert. Beck. Michael E.. Ebbinghaus-Kintscher. Ulrich. Thielert. Wolfgang. Wölfel. Katharina. Haas. Matthias. Kunz. Klaus. Raupach. Georg. 2015. Flupyradifurone: a brief profile of a new butenolide insecticide. Pest Management Science. en. 71. 6. 850–862. 10.1002/ps.3932. 1526-4998. 4657471. 25351824.