Spin stabilization explained

In aerospace engineering, spin stabilization is a method of stabilizing a satellite or launch vehicle by means of spin, i.e. rotation along the longitudinal axis. The concept originates from conservation of angular momentum as applied to ballistics, where the spin is commonly obtained by means of rifling. For most satellite applications this approach has been superseded by three-axis stabilization.

Use

Spin-stabilization is used on rockets and spacecraft where attitude control is required without the requirement for on-board 3-axis propulsion or mechanisms, and sensors for attitude control and pointing. On rockets with a solid motor upper stage, spin stabilization is used to keep the motor from drifting off course as they don't have their own thrusters. Usually small rockets are used to spin up the spacecraft and rocket then fire the rocket and send the craft off.

Rockets and spacecraft that use spin stabilization:

Despinning can be achieved by various techniques, including yo-yo de-spin.[11]

With advancements in attitude control propulsion systems, guidance systems, and the needs for satellites to point instruments and communications systems precisely, 3-axis attitude control has become much more common than spin-stabilization for systems operating in space.[12]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Jupiter-C/Explorer 1. NASA NSSDCA. January 1, 2023.
  2. Web site: Minotaur V High Energy Space Launch Vehicle. NASA. January 1, 2023.
  3. An overview of the 'Aryabhata' project . UR. Rao . Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences . C1. 2. September 1978. 117–133. 10.1007/BF02843538 . 128455319 . January 1, 2023.
  4. Jet Propulsion Laboratory (under contract for NASA). The Moon Probe Pioneer IV. NASA-JPL. 1959 . PDF . 2017-02-26 .
  5. Web site: Schiaparelli EDM – ExoMars | Spaceflight101 .
  6. Web site: Juno Spacecraft Presskit. NASA. December 31, 2022.
  7. Web site: Krebs. Gunter D. . Pioneer 10, 11, H. Gunter's Space Page. January 1, 2023.
  8. Web site: Mar 26, 2007. The Pioneer Missions. NASA. January 1, 2023.
  9. Book: Muolo, Michael J.. Space Handbook: A War Fighter's Guide to Space, V. 1. November 1993. Government Printing Office. 978-0-16-061355-5. 126.
  10. Web site: Delta II Payload Planner's Guide 2007 . ulalaunch.com. 24 July 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20110919175556/http://www.ulalaunch.com/site/docs/product_cards/guides/DeltaIIPayloadPlannersGuide2007.pdf. 19 September 2011. live.
  11. Theory and Design Curves for a Yo-Yo De-Spin Mechanism for Satellites. Fedor. J.V.. August 1, 1961. Defense Technical Information Center. January 1, 2023.
  12. Web site: When and why did three-axis stabilization become prominent in geostationary satellites?. Stack Exchange Space Exploration. January 1, 2023.