Sigmoidocele Explained

Specialty:	gastroenterology

Sigmoidocele (also known as pouch of Douglas descent) refers to a condition where the sigmoid colon descends (prolapses) into the lower pelvic cavity. ^[1] This can obstruct the rectum and cause symptoms of obstructed defecation.^[2]

Pathophysiology

The phenomenon is caused by a weak section of fascial supports of the vagina (the uterosacral cardinal ligamentcomplex and rectal vaginal septum), which allows a section of peritoneum containing the sigmoid colon to prolapse out of normal position and fall between the rectum and the vagina.^[3]

Diagnosis

It is not possible to differentiate between a rectocele and a sigmoidocele on vaginal examination. Defecating proctography will demonstrate a sigmoidocele during straining.

Epidemiology

Sigmoidocele normally occurs in females, and is uncommon.

Notes and References

1. Book: Coloproctology . 2010 . Springer . 2010 . 978-1-84882-755-4 . Zbar . Andrew P. . Springer Specialist Surgery Series . Dordrecht Heidelberg.
2. News: Cystoceles, Urethroceles, Enteroceles, and Rectoceles - Gynecology and Obstetrics - Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Merck Manuals Professional Edition. 2017-12-28. en-US.
3. Book: The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery . Springer . 2007 . 978-0-387-24846-2 . Wolff . Bruce G. . New York . American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons.