Hydride selenide explained

Hydride selenides are mixed anion compounds containing both hydride and selenide ions. They are in the category of heteroanionic chalcogenides, or mixed anion compounds. Related compounds include the oxyhydrides, hydride sulfides, and hydride tellurides.

Formation

Salt-like hydride selenides may be formed by heating selenium with a metal hydride in an oxygen-free capsule. For rare earth elements, this method works as long as selenium has enough oxidising power to convert a +2 oxidation state to a +3 state. So for europium and ytterbium it does not work as the monoselenide is more stable.

One transition metal complex was formed from a lithium zirconium hydride complex in solution reacting with diphenylphosphine selenide.

Properties

With rare earth elements there are two structure depending on the size of the metal ions. The large atoms form a 2H hexagonal anti-nickel arsenide structure, with hydrogen inserted into tetrahedral positions. A 1H hexagonal structure is found in rare earth elements from gadolinium to lutetium, and yttrium.[1]

List

formulasystemspace groupunit cell Åvolumedensitycommentreference
[η<sup>1</sup>-3,5-''t''Bu<sub>2</sub>pz(η-Al)H)<sub>2</sub>Se] pz=pyrazolatomonoclinicP21/na=14.385 b=11.035 c=16.522 β=98.90° Z=62591.11.265 melt 272°C; colourless[2]
Sc2H2SetrigonalPm1a=3.5664 c=6.1166
YHSehexagonalP3/m2a=3.8333 c=3.8876 Z=15.64black; water insensitive; insulator[3] [4]
Y2H2SetrigonalPm1
[(C<sub>5</sub>Me<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>ZrH]2(μ-Se)orthorhombicCcc2a=20.809 b=20.865 c=19.239 Z=883531.284red / orange[5]
LaHSehexagonalP3/mmca=4.1151 c=8.0036 Z=2bluish grey
La2H2SetrigonalPm1a=4.1268 c=6.8733[6]
La2H3SetrigonalPm1a=4.139 c=6.960
La2H4SetrigonalRma=4.0542 c=22.609
CeHSehexagonalP3/mmca = 4.0636 c = 7.9481 Z=2bluish grey
PrHSehexagonalP3/mmca=4.0223 c=7.9183 Z=2bluish grey
NdHSehexagonalP3/mmca=3.9874 c=7.8888 Z=2bluish grey
GdHSehexagonalP3/m2a=3.8802 c=3.9260 Z=1bluish grey
TbHSehexagonalP3/m2a=3.8517 c=3.9066 Z=1bluish grey
DyHSehexagonalP3/m2a=3.8348 c=3.8874 Z=1bluish grey
HoHSehexagonalP3/m2a = 3.8156 c = 3.8728 Z=1bluish grey
ErHSehexagonalP3/m2a=3.7874 c=3.8636 Z=1bluish grey
LuHSehexagonalP3/m2a=3.7474 c=3.8239 Z=1bluish grey

References

  1. Folchnandt . Matthias . Rudolph . Daniel . Hoslauer . Jean-Louis . Schleid . Thomas . The rare earth metal hydride tellurides RE HTe (RE =Y, La–Nd, Gd–Er) . Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B . 26 June 2019 . 74 . 6 . 513–518 . 10.1515/znb-2019-0060.
  2. Zheng . Wenjun . Mösch-Zanetti . Nadia C. . Roesky . Herbert W. . Noltemeyer . Mathias . Hewitt . Manuel . Schmidt . Hans-Georg . Schneider . Thomas R. . 2000-12-01 . Alumoxane Hydride and Aluminum Chalcogenide Hydride Compounds with Pyrazolato Ligands . Angewandte Chemie . de . 112 . 23 . 4446–4449 . 10.1002/1521-3757(20001201)112:23<4446::AID-ANGE4446>3.0.CO;2-I.
  3. Schleid . Thomas . Folchnandt . Matthias . March 1996 . MHSe: The First Hydride Selenides of the Lanthanides (M = La-Nd; Gd-Er, Lu) . Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie . en . 622 . 3 . 455–461 . 10.1002/zaac.19966220312 . 0044-2313.
  4. Schleid . Thomas . Meyer . H.-Jürgen . November 1992 . Hydrogen-stabilized yttrium monoselenide . Journal of Alloys and Compounds . en . 189 . 1 . 75–82 . 10.1016/0925-8388(92)90049-F.
  5. Hoskin . Aaron J. . Stephan . Douglas W. . 1999-06-01 . Decamethylzirconocene-Chalcogenide-Hydride Complexes . Organometallics . en . 18 . 13 . 2479–2483 . 10.1021/om990180p . 0276-7333.
  6. Pflug . Christian . Rudolph . Daniel . Schleid . Thomas . Kohlmann . Holger . 2022-04-08 . Hydrogenation Reaction Pathways and Crystal Structures of La 2 H 2 Se, La 2 H 3 Se and La 2 H 4 Se . European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry . en . 2022 . 10 . 10.1002/ejic.202101095 . 1434-1948. free .