Screwdriver (cocktail) explained

Iba:no
Screwdriver
Type:highball
Vodka:yes
Served:rocks
Garnish:orange slice
Drinkware:highball
Ingredients:
Prep:Mix in a highball glass with ice. Garnish and serve.
Timing:All day

A screwdriver is a simple and popular alcoholic highball drink made with orange juice and vodka. In the UK, it is referred to as a "vodka and orange".[1] While the basic drink is simply the two ingredients, there are many variations. Many of the variations have different names in different parts of the world.

History

The drink originated during World War II, when Americans in China and Turkey mixed neutral spirits with orange juice.[2] The origin of the name "screwdriver" is less clear, but the name appeared in Ankara, Turkey, in 1943[2] and 1944[3] and later in Istanbul.[4] Variations on the recipe were present in 1948 in Turkey and also called screwdrivers, such as a mixture of one-third vodka and two-thirds gin,[5] and another recipe adding gin, cognac, bitters, and other ingredients to orange juice and vodka.[6] An unattributed but popular story for the name is that the Americans lacked a spoon and instead used a screwdriver as a stirring stick.[7] [8] Another unattributed story is that auto workers in the USA used to pour vodka in their breakfast orange juice before starting the shift and used screwdrivers to stir the glass.[9]

Starting mid-1950, vodka rose rapidly in popularity in America, and mixed drinks such as the screwdriver rose with it.[10] Advertising campaigns in the 1950s[11] and 1960s[12] by vodka brands such as Smirnoff cemented the screwdriver as a vodka favorite.[2]

Variations

The screwdriver served as the foundation of the Harvey Wallbanger.[2]

A screwdriver with two parts of sloe gin, one part of Southern Comfort, and filled with orange juice is a "sloe comfortable screw" or "slow comfortable screw".[13]

A screwdriver with one part of sloe gin, one part of Southern Comfort, one part Galliano, and filled with orange juice is a "sloe comfortable screw up against the wall".[13]

A screwdriver with one part of sloe gin, one part of Southern Comfort, one part Galliano, one part tequila, and filled with orange juice is a "sloe comfortable screw up against the wall Mexican style".[14]

A "virgin screwdriver" is a mocktail (non-alcoholic variation), usually made with orange juice and tonic water.[15] [16] [17]

A screwdriver with apple juice instead of orange juice is an "Anita Bryant cocktail".[18] Bryant was an American singer and spokeswoman for the Florida Citrus Commission during the 1960s and 1970s. Starting in 1977, she became an anti-gay-rights activist.[19] Because Bryant promoted orange juice, the gay community retaliated by boycotting it in the 1977–1980 Florida orange juice boycott.[20] Gay bars across North America stopped serving screwdrivers[21] and invented this cocktail to replace it.[18] The sales and proceeds of the cocktail went to gay rights activists and helped fund their work against Bryant.[18] The campaign was ultimately successful, as Bryant's activism damaged her musical and business career.[22] [23] Her contract with the Florida Citrus Commission was left to expire in 1980 after they stated she was "worn out" as a spokesperson.[23] [24]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Greater: Britain After the Storm. 9781785906107. May 20, 2021. Biteback.
  2. Book: Robert. Simonson . Wondrich . David . Rothbaum . Noah . The Oxford Companion to Spirits and Cocktails . 21 October 2021 . Oxford University Press . 978-0-19-931113-2 . subscription . 1 January 2022 . en . Screwdriver.
  3. Newsweek. Turkey and the War: Neutrality Pays Big Dividends—and Anyway, Turks Love Peace . Crawford . Kenneth . 23 . 8 . 36. Abroad . February 21, 1944. A Screwdriver—a half-orange-juice and half-vodka drink popularized by interned American aviators .
  4. News: October 24, 1949 . Turkey: Wild West of the Middle East . Time . https://web.archive.org/web/20061114074034/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C805132%2C00.html . dead . November 14, 2006 . July 24, 2012. In the dimly lighted bar of the sleek Park Hotel, Turkish intelligence agents mingle with American engineers and Balkan refugees, drinking the latest Yankee concoction of vodka and orange juice, called a 'screwdriver.'.
  5. News: White . Leigh . Turks Worrying About Great Increase in Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages . subscription . 2 January 2022 . Corpus Christi Times . 13 January 1948. American visitors, I regret to say, have popularized an insidious cocktail called a screwdriver. It consists of one-third vodka and two-thirds gin..
  6. News: Turkish Bath, in Istanbul, is Vast Understatement. McLemore. Henry . subscription . 2 January 2022 . Panama City New Herald . 2 August 1948. A 'screwdriver' is a drink. It was created by the American Navy during the past war. It consists of vodka, gin, orange juice, cognac, bitters, and three or four things which have yet to be identified. I am quite sure that remnants of sultans are part of the mixture..
  7. Book: DeGroff . Dale . Smith . Andrew F. . The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink . May 2007 . Oxford University Press, USA . 978-0-19-530796-2 . en . Screwdriver.
  8. News: Macias . Amanda . Here's the origin of the screwdriver cocktail . 2 January 2022 . Business Insider.
  9. Web site: Hilburn . Scott . The Argyle Sweater for December 29, 2020 . GoComics . 22 June 2024 . en . 29 December 2020.
  10. News: Perham. John C.. 26 July 1954. What'll It Be?: Competing Distillers Put More Variety in Their Summer Drinks. Barron's National Business and Financial Weekly (1942-1987). 30. 3. . subscription. More and more people are asking for a vodka-and-tonic, or for a Bloody Mary (...), or for a Screwdriver (vodka and orange juice)..
  11. Web site: Image 12 . Zajedničar ("Fraternalist") . 2 January 2022 . Allegheny, Pa. . 29 February 1956 . Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers.
  12. Web site: Image 6 . Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers . The Evening Star . 2 January 2022 . Washington, D.C. . A-6 . 24 October 1961.
  13. Book: Foley, Ray . X-Rated Drinks: More Than 250 of the Hottest Drinks Ever Made . Sourcebooks . 2006. 9781402249907 .
  14. Web site: Hutchinson . Dan . etal . Slow Comfortable Screw Up Against The Wall Mexican Style #1 . Bar None Drinks . April 2, 2018.
  15. Web site: Non-alcoholic drinks with tonic water . Lori A. . Selke . September 20, 2019 .
  16. Book: Charming, Cheryl. https://books.google.com/books?id=EOLsDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT995 . The Everything Bartender's Book: Your complete guide to cocktails, martinis, mixed drinks, and more!. July 18, 2010. Simon and Schuster. Mocktails. Google Books . 9781440503849 .
  17. Book: Demovic, Angela R.. Bourbon Street, B-Drinking, and the Sexual Economy of Tourism . 36 . The Anthropology of Tourism: Heritage, Mobility, and Society . May 11, 2018. Lexington Books. 9781498531337 . Google Books.
  18. Book: Marcus, Eric . Making Gay History: The Half-Century Fight for Lesbian and Gay Equal Rights . 2002. Harper . New York, US. 978-0-06-093391-3.
  19. News: Bankruptcy, ill will plague Bryant . https://web.archive.org/web/20110123001005/http://www.sptimes.com/2002/04/28/State/Bankruptcy__ill_will_.shtml . January 23, 2011 . Thomas C. . Tobin . St. Petersburg Times . April 28, 2002 . March 25, 2020.
  20. Book: Bryant, Anita. At Any Cost. Green, Bob. 1978. Fleming H. Revell. Grand Rapids, Michigan, US. 978-0800709402.
  21. Web site: Anita Sucks [Oranges] – Documented ]. The History Project . en-US. March 25, 2020.
  22. News: Bankruptcy, ill will plague Bryant . https://web.archive.org/web/20110123001005/http://www.sptimes.com/2002/04/28/State/Bankruptcy__ill_will_.shtml . January 23, 2011 . Thomas C. . Tobin . St. Petersburg Times . April 28, 2002 . March 25, 2020.
  23. News: Notes on People: Orange Juice Contract Runs Dry for Anita Bryant . March 25, 2020 . . September 2, 1980 . B6 . en.
  24. Web site: Tarnished images: Publicity's great up to a point . May 26, 1981 . 36 . . . March 25, 2020.

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