Schizocoely Explained

Schizocoely (adjective forms: schizocoelous or schizocoelic) is a process by which some animal embryos develop. The schizocoely mechanism occurs when secondary body cavities (coeloms) are formed by splitting a solid mass of mesodermal embryonic tissue.[1] [2] All schizocoelomates are protostomians and they show holoblastic, spiral, determinate cleavage.

Etymology

The term schizocoely derives from the Ancient Greek words, meaning 'to split', and, meaning 'cavity'.[3] [4] This refers to the fact that fluid-filled body cavities are formed by splitting of mesodermal cells.

Taxonomic distribution

Animals called protostomes develop through schizocoely for which they are also known as schizocoelomates.

Schizocoelous development often occurs in protostomes,[5] [6] as in phyla Mollusca, Annelida, and Arthropoda. Deuterostomes usually exhibit enterocoely;[7] however, some deuterostomes like enteropneusts can exhibit schizocoely as well.[8]

Embryonic development

The term refers to the order of organization of cells in the gastrula leading to development of the coelom. In mollusks, annelids, and arthropods, the mesoderm (the middle germ layer) forms as a solid mass of migrated cells from the single layer of the gastrula. The new mesoderm then splits, creating the pocket-like cavity of the coelom.

See also

References

  1. Book: An introduction to the invertebrates. Cambridge University Press. 9780521857369. Moore. Janet. Overhill. Raith . 2006.
  2. Lüter. Carsten. 2000-06-01. The origin of the coelom in Brachiopoda and its phylogenetic significance. Zoomorphology. en. 120. 1. 15–28. 10.1007/s004359900019. 24929317. 1432-234X.
  3. Book: Bailly, Anatole . Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français . 1981-01-01 . Hachette . 2010035283 . Paris . 461974285.
  4. Web site: Greek-french dictionary online . Bailly . Anatole . www.tabularium.be . 2020-03-05.
  5. Adoutte. André. Balavoine. Guillaume. Lartillot. Nicolas. Rosa. Renaud de. Adoutte. André. Balavoine. Guillaume. Lartillot. Nicolas. Rosa. Renaud de. 1999-03-01. Animal evolution: the end of the intermediate taxa?. Trends in Genetics. English. 15. 3. 104–108. 10.1016/S0168-9525(98)01671-0. 0168-9525. 10203807.
  6. Technau. Ulrich. Scholz. Corinna B.. 2003. Origin and evolution of endoderm and mesoderm. The International Journal of Developmental Biology. 47. 7–8. 531–539. 0214-6282. 14756329.
  7. Satoh . Gouki . Harada . Yoshito . Satoh . Nori . The expression of nonchordate deuterostome Brachyury genes in the ascidian Ciona embryo can promote the differentiation of extra notochord cells . Mechanisms of Development . September 2000 . 96 . 2 . 155–163 . 10.1016/S0925-4773(00)00395-6. 10960780 . 6732563 .
  8. Kaul-Strehlow. Sabrina. Stach. Thomas. 2011-05-11. The pericardium in the deuterostome Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Enteropneusta) develops from the ectoderm via schizocoely. Zoomorphology. en. 130. 2. 107. 10.1007/s00435-011-0125-0. 22199440. 1432-234X.

External links

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