| Sofrito | |
| Region: | Latin American, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese |
| Main Ingredient: | Garlic, onion, peppers, and tomatoes |
| Minor Ingredient: | Olive oil |
| Cookbook: | Sofrito |
Spanish; Castilian: Sofrito (Spanish, pronounced as /es/), Catalan; Valencian: sofregit (Catalan, in Catalan; Valencian sufɾə'ʒit/),[1] Italian: soffritto (Italian, pronounced as /it/), or Portuguese: refogado (Portuguese, pronounced as /pt/), is a basic preparation in Mediterranean, Latin American, Spanish, Italian and Portuguese cooking. It typically consists of aromatic ingredients cut into small pieces and sautéed or braised in cooking oil for a long period of time over a low heat.
In modern Spanish cuisine, Spanish; Castilian: sofrito consists of garlic, onion and peppers cooked in olive oil, and optionally tomatoes or carrots. This is known as Portuguese: refogado, sufrito, or sometimes as Portuguese: estrugido in Portuguese-speaking nations, where only garlic, onions, and olive oil are considered essential, tomato and bay laurel leaves being the other most common ingredients.[2] In Italian cuisine, chopped onions, carrots and celery is battuto, and then, slowly cooked in olive oil, becomes soffritto. It may also contain garlic, shallot, or leek.
The earliest mentioned recipe of Spanish; Castilian: sofrito, from around the middle of the 14th century, was made with only onion and oil.[3]
In Italian cuisine, chopped onions, carrots and celery is Italian: battuto,[4] and then, slowly cooked[5] in olive oil, becomes Italian: [[soffritto]].[6] It may also contain garlic,[7] shallot, or leek.[8]
In Greek Cuisine, sofrito refers to a dish that is found almost exclusively in Corfu. It is served less commonly in other regions of Greece and is often referred to as 'Corfu Sofrito' outside of Corfu. It is made with veal or beef, slowly cooked with garlic, wine, herbs, sugar and wine vinegar to produce an umami sauce with softened meat. It is usually served with rice and potatoes.
In Venezuelan cuisine, the sofrito also called aliño has 4 main ingredients as aromatic base: garlic, onions, bell pepper and sweet chili (Aji Dulce) generally fried in corn oil. Being the aji dulce most characteristic component, this chili is presumed to be a non-spicy variation of the crops originated in the andean mountains, created by the selective cultivation of the indigenous populations of Margarita Island and the coastal regions of Venezuela [9] from were it was later adopted by the some of the Caribbean colonies. It is used as a base for most of Venezuelan dishes from Pabellon Criollo, Asado Negro, Pastel de Chucho, to Hallaca, sometimes other secondary components are added such as tomato, spring onions, parsley or coriander, depending on the dish.
In Cuban cuisine, Spanish; Castilian: sofrito is prepared in a similar fashion, but the main components are Spanish onions, garlic, and green or red bell peppers. Spanish; Castilian: [[Ají cachucha]] is also often used instead of or in addition to bell peppers. It is a base for beans, stews, rices, and other dishes, including Spanish; Castilian: [[ropa vieja]] and Spanish; Castilian: [[picadillo]]. Other secondary components include tomato sauce, dry white wine, cumin, bay leaf, and cilantro. Spanish; Castilian: [[Chorizo]] (a kind of spicy, cured sausage), Spanish; Castilian: tocino (salt pork) and ham are added for specific recipes, such as beans.[10]
In Dominican cuisine, Spanish; Castilian: sofrito is also called Spanish; Castilian: sazón. A typical Dominican Spanish; Castilian: sofrito is made up of chopped cubanelle pepper or green bell pepper, red pepper, red onion, garlic, and lippia (Jamaica oregano).[11]
In Puerto Rican cuisine, Spanish; Castilian: sofrito is used in a variety of dishes such as rice dishes, sauces, soups, among other typically Puerto Rican dishes. The two main ingredients that give Puerto Rican Spanish; Castilian: sofrito its characteristic flavor are Spanish; Castilian: recao (culantro) and Spanish; Castilian: [[ají dulce]], but red and green cubanelle peppers, red bell peppers, pimientos, yellow onions, garlic, and cilantro are also added. All red peppers are roasted, seeded, and then added to the Spanish; Castilian: sofrito. Spanish; Castilian: Sofrito is sautéed in lard, oil or annatto oil until most of liquid has evaporated. Tomatoe sauce, cured pork (ham, sausage, or salted pork), and a mix of stuffed olives and capers called Spanish; Castilian: alcaparrado is usually added with bay leaf, cumin, Cuban oregano, coriander seeds, and Spanish; Castilian: [[adobo]].[12] [13]
In Filipino cuisine, Filipino; Pilipino: ginisá is a culinary term that refers to a base of garlic, onions, and tomatoes sautéed together with cooking oil. It is essentially similar to the Spanish Spanish; Castilian: sofrito.[14] [15]