Samajwadi Party Explained

Party Name:Samajwadi Party
Abbreviation:SP
Split:Janata Dal
Chairman:Akhilesh Yadav
President:Akhilesh Yadav
General Secretary:Shivpal Singh Yadav
Azam Khan
Ram Gopal Yadav
Indrajit Saroj
Lalji Verma
Awadhesh Prasad
Ram Achal Rajbhar
Balram Yadav
Vishambhar Prasad Nishad
Ram Ji Lal Suman
Harendra Singh Malik
Rajyasabha Leader:Ram Gopal Yadav
Loksabha Leader:Akhilesh Yadav
Founder:Mulayam Singh Yadav
Students:Samajwadi Chatra Sabha[1]
Youth:Samajwadi Prahari[2] Samajwadi Yuvjan Sabha[3]
Lohiya Vahini
Women:Samajwadi Mahila Sabha[4]
Eci:State Party[5]
State Seats: (Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly) (Maharashtra Legislative Assembly)(Gujarat Legislative Assembly)
International:Progressive Alliance[6]
Colours: Red and Green
Headquarters:18 Copernicus Lane, New Delhi
Publication:Samajwadi Bulletin[7]
Alliance:I.N.D.I.A. (2023–present)
State2 Seats Name:State Legislative Council's
State2 Seats: (Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council)

The Samajwadi Party (SP;) is a socialist political party in India. It was founded on 4 October 1992 by former Janata Dal politician Mulayam Singh Yadav and is headquartered in New Delhi. The Samajwadi Party is currently led by former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Akhilesh Yadav.[8] [9] [10] As of 2024, it is currently the third-largest political party in India, and the largest party in Uttar Pradesh.

While the party is largely based in Uttar Pradesh,[11] it has significant presence in many other Indian states as well. It has been the ruling party in the state of Uttar Pradesh for four terms – three times under Chief Minister Mulayam Singh Yadav, the fourth and most recent being Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav's full majority government in the 2012–2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

The coalition of the party and its alliance partners: Samajwadi Alliance SP+ is currently the largest bloc in Uttar Pradesh in terms of Lok Saba MPs. The alliance has one of the largest vote bases in the state of Uttar Pradesh in terms of the collective voting pattern, with more than 37% vote share in the 2022 assembly elections and 44% in the 2024 general elections.[12] [13]

History

The Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged when Janata Dal fragmented into several regional parties.[14] The party was founded by Mulayam Singh Yadav in 1992.[15] [16] Created just months before the Babri Masjid demolition, the party rose to power by pursuing secular politics. The support of its key voters, Other Backward Classes and Muslims helped the party become a major political force in Uttar Pradesh.[17] [18]

In West Bengal, the West Bengal Socialist Party of Kiranmoy Nanda merged with the SP in 2010. The Samajwadi Party is now led by former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Akhilesh Yadav.

He was chosen as the President for the first time in an Emergency meeting in 2017. He was chosen for second time in 2017 at Agra Convention of Samajwadi Party. He was chosen for the third time at the party's national convention held in September 2022 at Lucknow,[8] [9] [10] after he was chosen as the President at the party's national convention held on 1 January 2017.

The party have contested Lok Sabha and State Assembly elections around the country, but by far the bulk of its victories have been in Uttar Pradesh. In the 2012 legislative assembly elections of Uttar Pradesh, SP registered a landslide victory with a clear majority in the house, thus enabling it to form a government in the state. This was expected to be the fifth term of Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister of state, but he selected his son, Akhilesh Yadav instead. This became official on 15 March. It was also the first time that SP was head of the UP government for a full term of five years.[19] [20] However, the party suffered a landslide defeat in the 2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly Election, slumping to only 47 seats as the Bharatiya Janata Party swept to victory.

National Convention of January 2017

In a National Convention held on 1 January 2017, called by Ram Gopal Yadav, Akhilesh Yadav was appointed as president of the Party for 5 years.[21]

Position in state and national politics

Alliance

UPA

The Samajwadi Party provided outside support to the United Progressive Alliance government up to the fourteenth general election. After the fourteenth general election, its support became unnecessary when the UPA became the largest alliance. It contested the 2009 general election in alliance with the Rashtriya Janata Dal and the Lok Janshakti Party of Bihar.[22]

In April 2014, the Save Indian Family Foundation encouraged voters to support the Samajwadi Party or vote None of the above because they had said they opposed the alleged misuse of gender bias laws.[23]

SP-BSP Alliance

In 2019 general election, the Samajwadi Party was defeated by the BJP in Uttar Pradesh though allying with Bahujan Samaj Party.[24] It became the thirteenth largest party in parliament.[25] In the general elections of 2019, it won only five seats, while the BSP won 10.

INDIA

Recently, Samajwadi Party joined the newly formed Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance formed as an umbrella alliance of opposition parties in India.[26] [27] [28]

In the 2024 Indian general election, the Samajwadi Party achieved a historic breakthrough by winning 37 seats, making it the third-largest party in the 18th Lok Sabha. In Uttar Pradesh, the Samajwadi Party contested the elections in alliance with the Indian National Congress. Together, they secured 43 out of the 80 seats in the state, marking a significant gain for the INDIA Alliance.

Presence in state assemblies

The SP has two MLAs each in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and one MLA in the 2022 Gujarat assembly election.

Samajwadi Prahari and Samajwadi Sanwad

Under the guidance of Kailash Chaurasia, who was the Minister of State in the Government of Uttar Pradesh and under the direction of Dr.Arvind Srivastava, Shri Shivendra Nandan [29] made the formal announcement of the formation of Samajwadi Sentinel and in this sequence, Samajwadi Samvad to put forward the public's views. He reportedly cited the fight for equal rights for all races and issues related to inequality in youth-related matters as the main issues presented. The Samajwadi Party has front line campaigning groups.[30] Ongoing debate on party policy comes from many of their leaders. Among them are:

  1. Chhatra Sabha Sanwad
  2. Yuvjan Sabha Sanwad
  3. Samajwadi prahari Sanwad
  4. Mulayam Singh Youth Brigade Sanwad
  5. Lohiya Vahini Sanwad
  6. Shikshak Sabha Sanwad
  7. Vyapar Sabha Sanwad
  8. Adhivakta Sabha Sanwad
  9. Ambedkar Vahini Samwad

Electoral performances

Lok Sabha elections

Lok Sabha TermLok SabhaSeats contestedSeats won% of votesState (seats)Ref
11th Lok Sabha1996111163.3%Uttar Pradesh (16) Bihar (1)[31]
12th Lok Sabha1998166194.9%Uttar Pradesh (19)[32]
13th Lok Sabha1999151263.8%Uttar Pradesh (26)[33]
14th Lok Sabha2004237364.3%Uttar Pradesh (35)
Uttarakhand (1)		[34]
15th Lok Sabha2009193233.4%Uttar Pradesh (23)[35]
16th Lok Sabha201419753.4%Uttar Pradesh (5)[36]
17th Lok Sabha20194952.6%Uttar Pradesh (5)[37]
18th Lok Sabha202462374.58%Uttar Pradesh (37)[38]

Assembly elections

Vidhan Sabha TermUP electionsSeats contestedSeats won% of votesParty VotesRef
Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly
12th Vidhan Sabha199325610917.948,963,697[39]
13th Vidhan Sabha199628111021.8012,085,226[40]
14th Vidhan Sabha200239014325.3713,612,509[41]
15th Vidhan Sabha20073939725.4313,267,674[42]
16th Vidhan Sabha201240122429.1522,107,241[43]
17th Vidhan Sabha20173114721.8218,923,689[44]
18th Vidhan Sabha202234711132.0629,543,934[45]
Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
11th Vidhan Sabha199822841.584,19,626[46]
12th Vidhan Sabha200316173.719,46,891[47]
13th Vidhan Sabha200818711.905,01,324[48]
14th Vidhan Sabha201316101.24,04,853[49]
15th Vidhan Sabha20185211.34,96,025[50]
Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
9th Vidhan Sabha19952230.933,56,731[51]
10th Vidhan Sabha19991520.72,27,640[52]
11th Vidhan Sabha20049501.134,71,425[53]
12th Vidhan Sabha20093141.113,37,378[54]
13th Vidhan Sabha20142210.1792,304[55]
14th Vidhan Sabha2019720.221,23,267[56]

List of chief ministers

No.Name
Term of office[57] [58] Tenure lengthPartyAssembly[59]
Ref
1Mulayam Singh Yadav
4 December 19933 June 1995Samajwadi PartyTwelfth Assembly (1993–95)
[60]
(1)Mulayam Singh Yadav
29 August 200313 May 2007Samajwadi PartyFourteenth Assembly (2002–07)
2Akhilesh Yadav
15 March 201219 March 2017Samajwadi PartySixteenth Assembly (2012–17)
[61]

List of central ministers

No.NameTerm of officePortfolioPrime Minister
1Mulayam Singh Yadav1 June 199619 March 1998Minister of DefenceH. D. Deve Gowda
I. K. Gujral
2Janeshwar Mishra10 July 1996May 1997Minister of Water ResourcesH. D. Deve Gowda
I. K. Gujral
3Beni Prasad Verma1 June 199619 March 1998Minister of Communications and Information TechnologyH. D. Deve Gowda
I. K. Gujral
4Saleem Iqbal Shervani[62] May 199719 March 1998Minister of External Affairs(M.O.S.)I.K. Gujral

Prominent members

State leadership

Criticisms and controversies

Support for criminals

The Samajwadi Party has been slammed for supporting gangsters like Atiq Ahmed and Mukhtar Ansari. Both Ahmed and Ansari have had several criminal cases against them, including murder, procuring arms illegally, property-grabbing, and assault. Ahmed was killed in April 2023 while being escorted for a court-mandated medical check, while Ansari died in prison in March 2024, while serving his sentence to a heart attack.[75] [76]

Sand mining case

During the tenure of Akhilesh Yadav as chief minister from 2012 to 2017, a major scandal erupted on illegal sand-mining which involved then minister of state of mining Gayatri Prasad Prajapati. IAS officer Durga Shakti Nagpal began an operation in July 2013 to end illegal sand mining by conducting raids and seizing equipment.[77] Nagpal was later suspended by Akhilesh Yadav for demolishing a mosque wall that was in violation of Supreme Court rules, which was stated to be done out of malice.[78] [79] The suspension was heavily condemned by leaders of opposition and several IAS officers; it was later revoked in September 2013.[80]

Misogyny

The Samajwadi Party has received widespread condemnation for its misogynistic and anti-women views, as well as opposing women's rights. In March 2010, the United Progressive Alliance government tried to pass the Women's Reservation Bill, which allowed 33% reservation quota to the women in the legislative bodies. Mulayam Singh Yadav opposed the bill and warned about withdrawing from the alliance, commenting that "if the bill is passed it will fill Parliament with the kind of women who invite catcalls and whistles".[81] Yadav echoed similar comments in November 2012, stating that "the bill will benefit only rich and attractive women of the society and not those coming poor families and villages".[82] The remarks was termed as sexist and heavily slammed by several political leaders from different parties, as well as his own party leaders.[83] [84]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: SP chatra sabha declares 70 district unit presidents name. 17 March 2008. oneindia.com.
  2. Web site: About Samajwadi Prahari. 10 March 2021. Samajwadi Prahari.
  3. News: SP reinstates youth wings' office-bearers with a rider | Lucknow News — Times of India. The Times of India. 18 April 2013 .
  4. News: SP appoints presidents of nine frontal organisations. Business Standard India. 2 July 2014. Business Standard. Press Trust of India.
  5. Web site: List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013. Election Commission of India. 9 May 2013. India. 2013.
  6. Web site: Parties & Organisations. Progressive Alliance. 2 June 2017.
  7. Web site: Command performance: Can a party mouthpiece question its leaders?. 10 January 2016. Hindustan Times.
  8. News: 29 September 2022 . Akhilesh Yadav elected Samajwadi Party President for third time . en-IN . The Hindu . 8 August 2023 . 0971-751X.
  9. Web site: Akhilesh Yadav elected Samajwadi Party president for third time . Hindu Business Line. 29 September 2022 .
  10. Web site: Akhilesh Yadav re-elected SP president as 2-day party convention concludes . Indian Express. 30 September 2022 .
  11. News: Why Uttar Pradesh is India's battleground state. BBC News. 26 December 2011.
  12. News: What the Samajwadi Party alliance needs to focus on now. The Wire. 15 March 2022.
  13. News: Akhilesh missed majority by a margin of few lakh votes. Aaj Tak. 11 March 2022.
  14. Book: India: Government and Politics in a Developing Nation. Kochanek. Stanley A.. Hardgrave. Robert L.. 30 January 2007. Cengage Learning. 9780495007494. en.
  15. Web site: Yadav . Shyamlal . 6 April 2023 . Uneasy allies, fierce foes: Saga of BSP-SP ties, from Kanshi Ram and Mulayam to Mayawati and Akhilesh . 8 April 2023 . The Indian Express . en.
  16. Book: G. C. Malhotra . Anti-defection Law in India and the Commonwealth . 26 September 2023 . 570 . [Published for] Lok Sabha Secretariat [by] Metropolitan Book Company . 9788120004061 . Mulayan Singh Yadav, MLA, along with 22 other MLAs belonging to the Janata Party Legislature Party, in a letter addressed to the Speaker, intimated that there was a split in their original Party, in a letter addressed to the Speaker, intimated that there was a split in their original Party..
  17. Encyclopedia: Samajwadi Party . 2024-06-11 . Encyclopædia Britannica . en.
  18. Web site: 22 January 2024 . Who are karsevaks, what do they do? . 2024-06-11 . Deccan Herald . en.
  19. Web site: Assembly Elections May 2013 Results . Election Commission of India . 22 July 2013 . 15 December 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131215065208/http://eciresults.nic.in/PartyWiseResult.htm . dead .
  20. News: Assembly Elections 2012 – The end of Mayayug in UP. IndiaVoice . 7 March 2012. 6 March 2012.
  21. Web site: Thakur . Meenal . 5 October 2017 . Akhilesh Yadav re-elected Samajwadi Party national president for 5 years . 8 August 2023 . mint . en.
  22. News: SP, RJD, LJP Front to kickstart UP campaign on Apr 9. https://archive.today/20130624172518/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-04-05/india/28011955_1_election-meeting-saifai-star-campaigner. dead. 24 June 2013. 5 April 2009. The Times of India. 16 June 2013.
  23. News: Anuraag Singh . 17 April 2014 . Vote for Samajwadi Party or press Nota: Mulayam . . 24 April 2014.
  24. Web site: BJP wins 62 seats in Uttar Pradesh, SP-BSP alliance gets 15 . 8 August 2023 . India Today . 24 May 2019 . en.
  25. Web site: Sixteenth LokSabha Party wise. loksabha.nic.in. LokSabha. https://web.archive.org/web/20151018225726/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/partywiselist.aspx. 18 October 2015. dead. 5 October 2013.
  26. News: 26 July 2023 . Which are the 26 parties in the INDIA combine, the face of Opposition unity for the 2024 Lok Sabha polls? . en-IN . The Hindu . 8 August 2023 . 0971-751X.
  27. Web site: 19 July 2023 . Group of 26 Oppn parties join hands under banner of 'INDIA' . 8 August 2023 . Hindustan Times . en.
  28. Web site: Shivam . Kohli . What is INDIA, the new group formed by opposition parties . The Times of India . Times Of India . 18 July 2023 . 18 July 2023.
  29. Web site: About Samajwadi Prahari Founder. 10 March 2021. Samajwadi Prahari.
  30. Web site: About Samajwadi Prahari. 10 March 2021. Samajwadi Prahari.
  31. Web site: IndiaVotes PC: Party-wise performance for 1996. 24 September 2021. IndiaVotes.
  32. Web site: IndiaVotes PC: Party-wise performance for 1998. 24 September 2021. IndiaVotes.
  33. Web site: IndiaVotes PC: Party-wise performance for 1999. 24 September 2021. IndiaVotes.
  34. Web site: IndiaVotes PC: Party-wise performance for 2004. 24 September 2021. IndiaVotes.
  35. Web site: IndiaVotes PC: Party-wise performance for 2009. 24 September 2021. IndiaVotes.
  36. Web site: IndiaVotes PC: Party-wise performance for 2014. 24 September 2021. IndiaVotes.
  37. Web site: IndiaVotes PC: Party-wise performance for 2019. 24 September 2021. IndiaVotes.
  38. Web site: 2024-06-05 . General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240605053823/https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/index.htm . 2024-06-05 . 2024-06-05 . Election Commission of India.
  39. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/1993/uttar-pradesh%20[1947%20-%201999/108/8 1993 Vidhan Sabha / Assembly election results Uttar Pradesh]. 24 August 2022. IndiaVotes.
  40. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/1996/uttar-pradesh%20[1947%20-%201999/128/8 1996 Vidhan Sabha / Assembly election results Uttar Pradesh]. 24 August 2022. IndiaVotes.
  41. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2002/uttar-pradesh%20[2000%20onwards/163/60 2002 Vidhan Sabha / Assembly election results Uttar Pradesh]. 24 August 2022. IndiaVotes.
  42. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2007/uttar-pradesh%20[2000%20onwards/191/60 2007 Vidhan Sabha / Assembly election results Uttar Pradesh]. 24 August 2022. IndiaVotes.
  43. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2012/uttar-pradesh%20[2000%20onwards/220/60 2012 Vidhan Sabha / Assembly election results Uttar Pradesh]. 24 August 2022. IndiaVotes.
  44. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2017/uttar-pradesh%20[2000%20onwards/255/60 2017 Vidhan Sabha / Assembly election results Uttar Pradesh]. 24 August 2022. IndiaVotes.
  45. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/2022/uttar-pradesh%20[2000%20onwards/289/60 2022 Vidhan Sabha / Assembly election results Uttar Pradesh]. 24 August 2022. IndiaVotes.
  46. Web site: https://www.indiavotes.com/vidhan-sabha/1998/madhya-pradesh%20[1947%20-%201999/136/4 AC: Party-wise performance for 1998]. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  47. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2003. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  48. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2008. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  49. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2013. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  50. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2018. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  51. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 1995. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  52. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 1999. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  53. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2004. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  54. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2009. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  55. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2014. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  56. Web site: AC: Party-wise performance for 2019. 15 September 2023. IndiaVotes.
  57. https://web.archive.org/web/20130812234844/http://uplegisassembly.gov.in/CHIEF%20MINISTERS.HTM Chief Ministers
  58. https://web.archive.org/web/20130812231236/http://uplegisassembly.gov.in/PRESIDENT%20RULE.htm President's rule
  59. http://uplegisassembly.gov.in/CONSTITUTION%20%20&%20DISSOLUTION.htm Date of Constitution & Dissolution of Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha
  60. "Statistical Report on General Election, 2002, to the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh" [pdf]. Election Commission of India. Retrieved on 28 July 2013.
  61. "Statistical Report on General Election, 2012, to the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh" [pdf]. Election Commission of India. Retrieved on 28 July 2013.
  62. Web site: MEA officials scramble to work out agenda for US-bound Salim Sherwani . 4 July 2023 . India Today . 23 June 1997 . en.
  63. Web site: About The Party Samajwadi Party. 24 September 2021. www.samajwadiparty.in.
  64. Web site: Ministry of Defence. 24 September 2021. www.mod.gov.in.
  65. http://up.gov.in/upexcms.aspx Former Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh
  66. Web site: Akhilesh Yadav Re-Elected As Samajwadi Party National President For Five Years. 24 September 2021. www.outlookindia.com. 5 October 2017 . en.
  67. Web site: 11 March 2017. UP elections: Chief minister Akhilesh Yadav resigns. 24 September 2021. Hindustan Times. en.
  68. 18 March 2012 . Azam Khan takes oath as Cabinet minister in Uttar Pradesh. 24 September 2021. India Today. en.
  69. 24 May 2019 . Election Results 2019: Azam Khan wins big from Rampur against Jaya Prada. 24 September 2021. India Today. en.
  70. News: 27 March 2020 . SP founding member Beni Prasad Verma dies . The Economic Times . 4 July 2023 . 0013-0389.
  71. Web site: 2 January 2017. Akhilesh appoints Mulayam's old loyalist Naresh as president of SP state unit. 24 September 2021. Hindustan Times. en.
  72. Web site: Rajya Sabha Elections: Samajwadi Party's Jaya Bachchan wins from Uttar Pradesh. 23 March 2018. 29 October 2020.
  73. Web site: Akhilesh Yadav chooses loyalist Ram Govind Chaudhary as new Leader of Opposition. 28 March 2017. 29 October 2020.
  74. Web site: मिश्रा . अविनीश . 1 February 2023 . स्वामी, राजभर और सरोज... 'कौशांबी मॉडल' से बीजेपी को फिर मात देंगे अखिलेश? . 24 February 2023 . www.abplive.com . hi.
  75. News: 16 April 2023 . 'Nahi le gaye to nahi gaye' were Atiq's last words . The Times of India . 19 April 2023 . 0971-8257 . 16 April 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230416094727/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nahi-le-gaye-to-nahi-gaye-were-atiqs-last-words/articleshow/99526725.cms?from=mdr . live .
  76. Web site: 28 March 2024 . Gangster-turned-politician Mukhtar Ansari dies after heart attack: Sources . 28 March 2024 . Business Today . en . 28 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240328173415/https://www.businesstoday.in/india/story/gangster-turned-politician-mukhtar-ansari-dies-after-heart-attack-423324-2024-03-28 . live .
  77. News: Durga IAS takes on Noida sand mafia. 31 July 2013. The Times of India. 23 July 2013. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20130724181256/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Durga-IAS-takes-on-Noida-sand-mafia/articleshow/21260258.cms. 24 July 2013. dmy-all.
  78. News: IAS officer Durga Shakti blemish-free, says DM's report. 2 August 2013. Rediff. 1 August 2013. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20130803010115/http://www.rediff.com/news/report/ias-officer-durga-shakti-blemish-free-says-dms-report/20130801.htm. 3 August 2013. dmy-all.
  79. News: IAS Durga Shakti Nagpal suspended for a demolition that never was. https://web.archive.org/web/20130804160006/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-08-01/india/40960246_1_religious-structure-sand-mafia-government. dead. 4 August 2013. 2 August 2013. The Times of India. 1 August 2013.
  80. News: Durga Shakti Nagpal posted as joint magistrate of Kanpur (Rural) after revocation of suspension. India Today. 6 October 2013. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131007234551/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/durga-shakti-posted-as-joint-magistrate-of-kanpur-rural/1/313302.html. 7 October 2013. dmy-all.
  81. Web site: Mulayam draws flak for his 'sexist' remark on women. 24 March 2010.
  82. News: Mulayam opposes Women Reservation Bill, says 'our poor and rural women are not attractive'. The Times of India. 9 November 2012.
  83. Web site: Mulayam booed for sexist remarks on Women's Bill.
  84. Web site: Which political party has most clearly and consistently opposed women's rights?. 5 June 2014.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Samajwadi Party".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.