Rujm Explained
Rujm (Arabic: رجم, rûjm; p. rûjûm) is an Arabic word that appears as an element in numerous place names. It can be translated as 'mound, cairn, hill, spur', and also as 'stone heap' or 'tumulus'.[1] [2] The following is a list of place names that include Rujm as an element:
- Kanân Rujm Kûddâh, "the peaks of the cairn of the potter", or of "the flint stone for striking fir"[3]
- Khirbat er Rujm, "the ruin of the stone heap"[4]
- Rujm Abu Ḥashabe[5]
- Rujm Abu Helal, "the cairn of Abu Helal"[6]
- Rujm Abu Meheir (Rujm Abu Muheir), "the cairn of Abu Meheir"[6] [7]
- Rujm Abu Shuweikeh, "the cairn of the thistles"[6]
- Rujm Abu Zumeiter, "the cairn of Abu Zumeiter"[6]
- Rujm Afâneh, "the cairn of rottenness"[6]
- Rujm el 'Ajamy, "the cairn of the Persian"[6]
- Rujm 'Alei, "the cairn of the high place"[6]
- Rujm 'Atîyeh, "the cairn of 'Atiyeh"[6]
- Rujm el 'Azâzimeh, "the cairn of the Azazimeh Arabs"[6]
- Rujm el Bahr, "the cairn of the sea";[6] a site by the name is on the Dead Sea shore near Jericho
- Rujm el Bakarah "the cairn of the cow"[6]
- Rujm el Bârish, "the cairn of the ground covered with variegated herbiage"[6]
- Rujm Bâruk, "the cairn of Baruk"[6]
- Rujm Beni Yasser, "rujm of the sons of Yasser" (a fortlet of Nabataean origin)[8] [9]
- Rujm Birjis (on the Kerak plateau)[10]
- Rujm ed Debbâbeh, "the cairn of the moveable hut"[6]
- Rujm ed Deir, "the cairn of the monastery"[6]
- Rujm ed Derbi, "the cairn of the roadster"[6]
- Rujm edh Dhib, "the cairn of the wolf"[6]
- Rujm ed Dîr[11]
- Rujm ed Dûribeh, "the cairn of the little road"[6]
- Rujm el Fahjeh, "the cairn of el Fahjeh"[6]
- Rujm el-Farideyyeh[12]
- Rujm Heleiseh, "the cairn of the verdure"[6]
- Rujm Handhal, "the cairn of colocynth"[6]
- Rujm el Heik, "the cairn of the spindle"[6]
- Rujm el-Hamiri, (southeast of Hebron)[13]
- Rujm al-Henu, (Jordan)[14]
- Rujm el Heri, (southeast of Madaba)[15]
- Rujm el-Hiri, "the stone heap of the wild cat"[2]
- Rujm el Humeitah, "the cairn of the mountain fig"[6]
- Rujm el Hummûs, "the cairn of the chick-pea"[6]
- Rujm el Humra, "the red cairn"[6]
- Rujm Ibn Basma, "the cairn of Ibn Basma"[6]
- Rujm Jemảh, "the cairn of the gathering"[16]
- Rujm Jîz, "the cairn on the valley side"[6]
- Rujm Jureideh, "the cairn of the troop"[6]
- Rujm el Kahakîr, "the cairn of the stone heaps"[6]
- Rujm el Kandôl, "the cairn of the thorn tree"[6]
- Rujm el-Khadar[17]
- Rujm el Kherâzmîyeh, "the cairn of the Kharezinians"[6]
- Rujm el Khiâri, "the cairn of the cucumber"[6]
- Rujm el Kurrât, "the stone of the attacks"[6]
- Rujm Kuteit, "the cairn of the cat" or "the cairn of the crag"[6]
- Rujm el Lukâr, "the cairn of Lukâr"[6]
- Rujm Al-Malfouf, "circular towers"[18]
- Rujm (el Mehawâfet) el Kibliyyeh, "the southern cairn (of the boundary)"[6]
- Rujm (el Mehawâfet) esh Shemaliyyeh, "the northern cairn (of the boundary)"[6]
- Rujm el-Merih, (a Nabataean or Late Roman era watchtower located 6km (04miles) south of Lajjun)[19]
- Rujm el-Meshreferh (in Jordan, associated with Mizpah)[20]
- Rujm el Mogheifir, "the cairn of the pardoned"[6]
- Rujm el Mutukh, "the cairn of the debris"[6]
- Rujm en Nâkeh, (Rujm en-Naqa) "the cairn of the she-camel"[6] [21]
- Rujm en Niâs, "the cairn of en Niyâs[6]
- Rujm en Nûeita, "the cairn of the sailors"[6]
- Rujm en Nūkb, "the cairn of the pass"[6]
- Rujm er Refeif, "the glittering cairn"[6]
- Rujm Reheif, "the sharp-pointed cairn"[6]
- Rujm Reiya, "the cairn of quenching thirst", or "the cairn of sweet fragrance"[6]
- Rujm es S'â, "the cairn of the tax-gatherers"[6]
- Rujm es Sâîgh (Rujm as-Sayigh), "the cairn of the goldsmith"[6] [22]
- Rujm es-Sebit[23]
- Rujm ash Shami
- Rujm ash Shara'irah
- Rujm esh Sheikh Suleimân, "the cairn of Sheikh Suleimân"[6]
- Rujm Shummer, "the cairn of wild fennel"[6]
- Rujm es Sûeif, "the cairn of the little sword"[6]
- Rujm at Tarûd, "the cairn of the projection", or "the cairn of the prominent peak"[6]
- Rujm Umm el 'Arâis, "the cairn of the mother of brides"[6]
- Rujm Umm Kheir, "the cairn of Umm Kheir"[6]
- Rujm Umm es Sata, "the cairn of the mother of the assault"[6]
- Rujm el Waîr, "the cairn of rugged rocks"[6]
- Rujm el Yaklûm, "the cairn of Yaklûm"[6]
- Rujm az-Zuwaira (in Zuwaira al-Fauqa, or Upper Zohar)[24]
- Rŭjûm el Behîmeh, "the cairns of the beast"[16]
- Rujûm Umm Kharrûbeh, "the cairns by the locust tree" (Ceratonia siliqua)[16] (or, "the cairns of the mother of the carob tree")
See also
Bibliography
- Book: The emergence of Yehud in the Persian period: a social and demographic study. Charles E.. Carter. Illustrated. Continuum International Publishing Group. 1999. 978-1-84127-012-8.
- Book: Bāb edh-Dhrāʻ: excavations in the cemetery directed by Paul W. Lapp (1965-67). Paul W.. Lapp. R. Thomas. Schaub. Walter E.. Rast. EISENBRAUNS. 1989. 978-0-931464-51-5.
- Book: Echinoderms: München. Thomas. Heinzeller. J. H.. Nebelsick. Illustrated. CRC Press. 2004. 978-0-415-36481-2.
- Book: Debating Qumran: collected essays on its archaeology. Jodi. Magness. Illustrated, annotated. Peeters Publishers. 2004. 978-90-429-1314-1.
- Book: An international glossary of place name elements. Joel F.. Mann. Scarecrow Press. 2005. 978-0-8108-5040-8.
- Book: The late bronze and early iron ages of central Transjordan, the Baqʻah Valley project, 1977-1981. Patrick E.. McGovern. Robin. Brown. Illustrated. UPenn Museum of Archaeology. 1986. 978-0-934718-75-2.
- Book: Archaeological encyclopedia of the Holy Land. Avraham. Negev. Gibson. Shimon. 4th, revised, illustrated. Continuum International Publishing Group. 2005. 978-0-8264-8571-7.
- Book: The Roman frontier in central Jordan: final report on the Limes Arabicus Project, 1980-1989. Samuel Thomas. Parker. John Wilson. Betlyon. Illustrated. Dumbarton Oaks. 2006. 978-0-88402-298-5.
- Book: Pringle, D.. Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological gazetteer, Part 183. Denys Pringle . Illustrated. Cambridge University Press. 1997. 978-0-521-46010-1.
- Book: The armies of the Hasmonaeans and Herod: from Hellenistic to Roman frameworks. Israel. Shatzman. Mohr Siebeck. 1991. 978-3-16-145617-6.
- Book: The Survey of Western Palestine. Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF). Henry C.. Stewardson. Printed for the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund by Harrison & Sons. 1838.
- Book: The Survey of Western Palestine: A General Index. Henry C.. Stewardson. 1888. Electronic edition, 2005. [25]
- Book: Barrington atlas of the Greek and Roman world: map-by-map directory, Volume 1. Talbert. Richard J. A.. Illustrated. Princeton University Press. 2000. 978-0-691-04945-8.
- Book: The IVP Bible background commentary: Old Testament. John H.. Walton. Victor Harold. Matthews. Mark William. Chavalas. 6th, illustrated. InterVarsity Press. 2000. 978-0-8308-1419-0.
Notes and References
- Mann, 2005, p. 139.
- Negev and Gibson, 2005, p. 518.
- Stewardson, 1888, p. 100.
- Stewardson, 1888, p. 118.
- Carter, 1999, p. 329.
- PEF et al., 1838, p. 195.
- Talbert, 2000, p. 1080.
- Parker and Betylon, 2006, p. xix.
- Parker and Betylon, 2006, p. 294.
- Lapp, Schaub and Rast, 1989, p. 90.
- Stewardson, 1888, p. 56.
- Talbert, 2000, p. 1089.
- Magness, 2004, p. 28.
- Heinzeller and Nebelsick, 2004, p. 464.
- Web site: Rujm el Heri. Structural. WorldCityDB.com. 2009-08-25.
- Stewardson, 1888, p. 136.
- Carter, 1999, p. 209.
- McGovern and Brown, 1986, p. 9.
- Parker and Betylon, 2006, p. xviii.
- Walton et al., 2000, p. 313.
- Shatzman, 1991, p. 60.
- Pringle, 1997, p. 9.
- Carter, 1999, p. 192.
- Pringle, 1997, p. 118.
- Henry C. Stewardson (Editor) Palestine Exploration Fund
