Refinement (category theory) explained

In category theory and related fields of mathematics, a refinement is a construction that generalizes the operations of "interior enrichment", like bornologification or saturation of a locally convex space. A dual construction is called envelope.

Definition

Suppose

K

is a category,

X

an object in

K

, and

\Gamma

and

\Phi

two classes of morphisms in

K

. The definition of a refinement of

X

in the class

\Gamma

by means of the class

\Phi

consists of two steps.

\sigma:X'\toX

in

K

is called an enrichment of the object

X

in the class of morphisms

\Gamma

by means of the class of morphisms

\Phi

, if

\sigma\in\Gamma

, and for any morphism

\varphi:B\toX

from the class

\Phi

there exists a unique morphism

\varphi':B\toX'

in

K

such that

\varphi=\sigma\circ\varphi'

.

\rho:E\toX

of the object

X

in the class of morphisms

\Gamma

by means of the class of morphisms

\Phi

is called a refinement of

X

in

\Gamma

by means of

\Phi

, if for any other enrichment

\sigma:X'\toX

(of

X

in

\Gamma

by means of

\Phi

) there is a unique morphism

\upsilon:E\toX'

in

K

such that

\rho=\sigma\circ\upsilon

. The object

E

is also called a refinement of

X

in

\Gamma

by means of

\Phi

. Notations:
\Gamma
\rho=\operatorname{ref}
\Phi

X,   

\Gamma
E=\operatorname{Ref}
\Phi

X.

In a special case when

\Gamma

is a class of all morphisms whose ranges belong to a given class of objects

L

in

K

it is convenient to replace

\Gamma

with

L

in the notations (and in the terms):
L
\rho=\operatorname{ref}
\Phi

X,   

L
E=\operatorname{Ref}
\Phi

X.

Similarly, if

\Phi

is a class of all morphisms whose ranges belong to a given class of objects

M

in

K

it is convenient to replace

\Phi

with

M

in the notations (and in the terms):
\Gamma
\rho=\operatorname{ref}
M

X,   

\Gamma
E=\operatorname{Ref}
M

X.

For example, one can speak about a refinement of

X

in the class of objects

L

by means of the class of objects

M

:
L
\rho=\operatorname{ref}
M

X,   

L
E=\operatorname{Ref}
M

X.

Examples

  1. The bornologification

X\operatorname{born

} of a locally convex space

X

is a refinement of

X

in the category

\operatorname{LCS}

of locally convex spaces by means of the subcategory

\operatorname{Norm}

of normed spaces:

X\operatorname{born

}=\operatorname_^X
  1. The saturation

X\blacktriangle

of a pseudocomplete[1] locally convex space

X

is a refinement in the category

\operatorname{LCS}

of locally convex spaces by means of the subcategory

\operatorname{Smi}

of the Smith spaces:
\blacktriangle=\operatorname{Ref}
X
\operatorname{Smi
}^X

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. A topological vector space

    X

    is said to be pseudocomplete if each totally bounded Cauchy net in

    X

    converges.