Quinolizinium Explained

Quinolizinium refers to the heterocyclic cation with the formula . The cation is isoelectronic and nearly isostructural with naphthalene, the difference being the replacement of one of the two carbons at the fusion positions with N+. The parent quinolizine has not been isolated but salts of these aromatic quinolizinium compounds are well known. Several syntheses begin with 2-substituted pyridines and involve N-alkylation and various dehydrogenation reactions.[1] The quinolizinium core is represented in the berberine family of natural products.[2] It is formally derived from the elusive quinolizines by hydrde abstraction. According to X-ray crystallography of the hexafluorophosphate salt, which is colorless, is planar.[3]

Reactions

Being a cation, quinolinizium resists electrophilic attack, although it can be brominated. Catalytic hydrogenation gives quinolizidine.[1]

References

  1. Book: Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry . Julio Alvarez-Builla . Juan Jose Vaquero . José Barluenga . 2011 . Wiley-VCH.
  2. 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.10.004. Quaternary protoberberine alkaloids . 2007 . Grycová . Lenka . Dostál . Jiří . Marek . Radek . Phytochemistry . 68 . 2 . 150–175 . 17109902 .
  3. 10.1107/S0108270100015742. Quinolizinium Hexafluorophosphate . 2001 . Sato . Kiyoshi . Arai . Sadao . Yamagishi . Takamichi . Tanase . Tomoaki . Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications . 57 . 2 . 174–175 . 11173443 .