Quasi-Hilda comet explained

A quasi-Hilda comet (QHC) is a Jupiter-family comet that interacts strongly with Jupiter and undergoes extended temporary capture by it. These comets are associated with the Hilda asteroid zone in the 3:2 inner mean-motion resonance with Jupiter. Typically, asteroids in this zone have a semimajor axis between 3.70 and 4.20 AU, eccentricities below 0.30, and inclinations of no more than 20°. Comets can be temporarily perturbed into this group and then perturbed back out again. Eight percent of the comets that leave the 3:2 resonance end up impacting Jupiter.

Known quasi-Hilda comets

These numbered comets belong to the group of quasi-Hilda comet:

Full Name	Aphelion (Q)	Eccentricity	Inclination	Perihelion date
36P/Whipple	5.27	0.261	9.92	2011-12-29
74P/Smirnova–Chernykh	4.78	0.147	6.65	2009-07-26
82P/Gehrels	4.65	0.122	1.12	2010-01-12
111P/Helin–Roman–Crockett	4.61	0.140	4.23	2013-01-30
117P/Helin–Roman–Alu	5.13	0.253	8.69	2014-03-28
129P/Shoemaker–Levy	4.85	0.170	3.29	2014-02-07
135P/Shoemaker–Levy	4.93	0.289	6.05	2014-11-01
147P/Kushida–Muramatsu	4.85	0.276	2.36	2008-09-22
215P/NEAT (2002 O8)	4.83	0.200	12.7	2010-06-06
228P/LINEAR (2001 YX127)	4.89	0.176	7.91	2011-08-26
231P/LINEAR-NEAT (2003 CP7)	5.01	0.246	12.3	2011-05-16
246P/NEAT (2004 F3)	5.17	0.286	15.9	2013-01-28
212P/NEAT (2000 YN30)^[1]	6.20	0.579	22.4	2008-12-03
362P/(457175) 2008 GO98^[2]	5.08	0.279	15.6	2024-07-20
282P/(323137) 2003 BM80^[3]	5.04	0.188	5.81	2021-10-24

39P/Oterma was a quasi-Hilda before a close approach to Jupiter in 1963. 77P/Longmore falls outside of the bulk distribution because of its large eccentricity and inclination. Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 impacted with Jupiter in 1994.

Not numbered comets claimed to be quasi-Hilda object with comet activity are P/2010 H2 (Vales),^[4] 2009 DQ118,^[5] 2018 CZ₁₈^[6] and 2004 CV₅₀.^[7]

Notes and References

1. Cheng . Y. -C. . Ip . W. -H. . 2012-05-01 . Physical and dynamical properties of a quasi-Hilda comet, 212P/2000YN30 . 1667 . 6462.
2. García-Migani . E. . Gil-Hutton . R. . 2018-10-01 . The activity and dynamical evolution of quasi-hilda asteroid (457175) 2008 GO98 . Planetary and Space Science . 160 . 12–18 . 10.1016/j.pss.2018.03.011 . 0032-0633.
3. Chandler . Colin Orion . Oldroyd . William J. . Trujillo . Chadwick A. . 2022-08-01 . Migratory Outbursting Quasi-Hilda Object 282P/(323137) 2003 BM80 .
4. Jewitt . David . Kim . Yoonyoung . 2020-12-01 . Outbursting Quasi-Hilda Asteroid P/2010 H2 (Vales) . The Planetary Science Journal . 1 . 77 . 10.3847/PSJ/abbef6 . 2632-3338. free . 2010.05012 .
5. Oldroyd . William J. . Chandler . Colin Orion . Trujillo . Chadwick A. . Burris . William A. . Kueny . Jay K. . Hsieh . Henry H. . Farrell . Kennedy A. . DeSpain . Jarod A. . Mazzucato . Michele T. . Bosch . Milton K. D. . Shaw-Diaz . Tiffany . Gonano . Virgilio . 2023-03-01 . Comet-like Activity Discovered on Quasi-Hilda Asteroid 2009 DQ118 . Research Notes of the American Astronomical Society . 7 . 42 . 10.3847/2515-5172/acc17c . 2515-5172. free .
6. Trujillo . Chadwick A. . Chandler . Colin Orion . Oldroyd . William J. . Burris . William A. . Hsieh . Henry H. . Kueny . Jay K. . Mazzucato . Michele T. . Bosch . Milton K. D. . Shaw-Diaz . Tiffany . Gonano . Virgilio . 2023-05-26 . Cometary Activity on Quasi-Hilda Object 2018 CZ16 . Research Notes of the AAS . 7 . 5 . 106 . 10.3847/2515-5172/acd7f0 . 2515-5172. free .
7. Chandler . Colin Orion . Oldroyd . William J. . Trujillo . Chadwick A. . Burris . William A. . Hsieh . Henry H. . Kueny . Jay K. . Farrell . Kennedy A. . DeSpain . Jarod A. . Sedaghat . Nima . Magbanua . Mark Jesus Mendoza . Sheppard . Scott S. . Mazzucato . Michele T. . Bosch . Milton K. D. . Shaw-Diaz . Tiffany . Gonano . Virgilio . November 2023 . New Active Quasi-Hilda Asteroid 2004 CV50: A Citizen Science Discovery . Research Notes of the AAS . en . 7 . 11 . 237 . 10.3847/2515-5172/ad09c1 . 2515-5172. free .