Puumala orthohantavirus explained

Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is a species of Orthohantavirus. Humans infected with the virus may develop a haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) known as nephropathia epidemica. Puumala orthohantavirus HFRS is lethal in less than 0.5% of the cases.^[1] Rarely, PUUV infection can cause Guillain–Barré syndrome.^[2]

Puumala orthohantavirus was discovered and named in 1980 named after Puumala, a municipality in Finland.^[3] The virus is found predominantly in Scandinavia and Finland, although it has also been reported elsewhere in Northern Europe, Poland and Russia. Because the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) acts as a reservoir for the virus, nephropathia epidemica cases track with the vole population in a three- to four-year cycle. Humans are infected through inhalation of dust from vole droppings.^[4] It has been theorized that Puumala orthohantavirus, unlike other members of the genus Orthohantavirus, may also have lethal effects on its rodent host.^[5]

In August 2014 an Israeli researcher studying the behavior of the bank vole in Finland died after contracting the Puumala orthohantavirus, which caused a complete breakdown of her immune system.^[6]

Notes and References

1. http://www.mediahuset.se/Infektionslakaren/il199/puumala_virus.htm Discertation for doctoral exam; Distribution of Puumalavirus in Sweden
2. Tassart G, Balbeur S, Deltombe T, Tintillier M, Cuvelier C. 2014. Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with Puumula Hantavirus infection.. Acta Clin Belg. 69. 5. 371–374. 10.1179/0001551214Z.00000000085. 25092197. 206837075.
3. Brummer-Korvenkontio. M.. Vaheri. A.. Hovi. T.. Von Bonsdorff. C. H.. Vuorimies. J.. Manni. T.. Penttinen. K.. Oker-Blom. N.. Lähdevirta. J.. Nephropathia epidemica: detection of antigen in bank voles and serologic diagnosis of human infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 141. 2. 131–134. 1980. 6102587. 10.1093/infdis/141.2.131.
4. Rose A, Vapalahti O, Lyytikäinen O, Nuorti P. Patterns of Puumala virus infection in Finland. Euro Surveill. 8. 1. 9–13. January 2003. 12631978. 10.2807/esm.08.01.00394-en. free.
5. Kallio ER, Voutilainen L, Vapalahti O, Vaheri A, Henttonen H, Koskela E, Mappes T. Endemic hantavirus infection impairs the winter survival of its rodent host. Ecology. 88. 8. 1911–6. August 2007. 17824420. 10.1890/06-1620.1.
6. News: קרן חקרה מכרסמים - שגרמו למותה מנגיף אלים. ירון. קלנר. 8 July 2014. Ynet.