| Cádiz | |
| Type: | Province |
| Subdivision Type: | Country |
| Subdivision Name: | Spain |
| Subdivision Type1: | Autonomous community |
| Subdivision Name1: | Andalusia |
| Seat Type: | Capital |
| Seat: | Cádiz |
| Leader Title: | President |
| Leader Name: | Almudena Martínez del Junco (PP) |
| Area Total Km2: | 7385 |
| Area Rank: | Ranked 34th |
| Area Note: | 1.47% of Spain |
| Blank Name Sec1: | Official language(s) |
| Blank Info Sec1: | Spanish |
| Population Total: | 1240175 |
| Population As Of: | 1 January 2014 |
| Population Rank: | Ranked 8th |
| Population Density Km2: | auto |
| Population Demonym: | Spanish; Castilian: Gaditano/a |
| Population Note: | 2.68% of Spain |
| Blank Name Sec2: | Parliament |
| Blank1 Name Sec2: | Congress seats |
| Blank2 Name Sec2: | Senate seats |
| Iso Code: | ES-CA |
| Website: | www.dipucadiz.es |
Cádiz is a province of southern Spain, in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is the southernmost part of mainland Spain, as well as the southernmost part of continental Europe.
It is bordered by the Spanish provinces of Huelva, Seville, and Málaga, as well as the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Strait of Gibraltar and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Its area is .
Its capital is the city of Cádiz, which has a population of 114,244. As of 2021, the largest city is Jerez de la Frontera with 212,801 inhabitants. Algeciras, which surpassed Cádiz with 122,982 inhabitants, is the second most populated city. The entire province had a population of 1,245,960 (as of 2021), of whom about 600,000 live in the Bay of Cádiz area (including Jerez), making it the third most populous province in Andalusia. Its population density is 167.93 per square kilometre.
The province encompasses 44 municipalities; besides its capital, other important cities are Jerez and Algeciras. (See the list of municipalities in Cádiz.) According to a roster developed by the Council of Tourism and Sport of Andalusia on 27 March 2003, there are officially six traditional or touristic comarcas (provincial areas or counties) in the Province of Cádiz:
This area comprises towns and cities on the shores of the Bay of Cádiz on the west-central coast of the province:
This fertile area only includes two municipalities, both large in area:
The towns that extend into the rural hinterlands north of Gibraltar are:
The towns of this area called the "Bajo Guadalquivir" (lower Guadalquivir valley), are:
Towns included in La Janda, an area in the southwestern part of the province, are:
Towns included in the Cádiz Mountains area, in the northeastern part of the province, include:
The historical population is given in the following chart:
ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:30PlotArea = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20DateFormat = x.yPeriod = from:0 till:1400TimeAxis = orientation:horizontalAlignBars = lateScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:200 start:0ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:50 start:0BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo
PlotData= color:skyblue width:20 shift:(-60,-5) fontsize:M anchor:till bar:1877 from:0 till: 405 text: 405,388 bar:1887 from:0 till: 410 text: 410,426 bar:1900 from:0 till: 437 text: 436,994 bar:1910 from:0 till: 447 text: 447,056 bar:1920 from:0 till: 514 text: 514,257 bar:1930 from:0 till: 512 text: 511,591 bar:1940 from:0 till: 590 text: 590,211 bar:1950 from:0 till: 693 text: 693,267 bar:1960 from:0 till: 813 text: 812,680 bar:1970 from:0 till: 879 text: 878,602 bar:1980 from:0 till: 988 text: 988,388 bar:1990 from:0 till:1078 text:1,078,404 bar:2000 from:0 till:1116 text:1,116,491 bar:2010 from:0 till:1245 text:1,244,732 bar:2020 from:0 till:1244 text:1,244,049TextData= pos:(35,20) fontsize:M text:"Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, INE"
The entire province of Cádiz has a Mediterranean climate, mostly Köppen Csa but also Csb in high altitude areas. Large differences in summer temperatures exist between the three official stations in Cádiz, Jerez, and Tarifa depending on position relative to the coastline. Tarifa is exceptionally mild for such a southerly place in Spain, meanwhile winter temperatures are mild throughout the province with less difference between localities than in summer. Average yearly rainfall is 521mm in Cádiz, 573mm in Jerez, and 603mm in Tarifa.[1] This is comparable to much cloudier climates further north in Europe, in spite of the high number of sunshine hours in the province. The Cádiz region is also much wetter than the arid Almería province further east in Andalusia.
| Location | January | April | July | October | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cádiz | 16C/ 9.4C | 19.9C/ 13.7C | 27.9C/ 22C | 23.4C/ 17.3C | |
| Jerez | 16.2C/ 5.2C | 22.2C/ 9.8C | 33.5C/ 18.7C | 25.5C/ 13.7C | |
| Tarifa | 15.1C/ 10.9C | 17.3C/ 13C | 24.5C/ 20C | 20.6C/ 16.7C |
In 2014 the unemployment rate was 42%, the highest in the country.[3] The main industry is tourism, mainly from non-coastal Spanish cities, Germany and the UK. Its once-important shipbuilding industry (Astilleros) is now in crisis due to competition from South Korea and China. There are factories of Airbus and Delphi. It also exports sherry as well as alimentary products.
| 1° | Agriculture, Animal husbandry and fishing. | 4% | |
| 2° | Industry (energy, industry and construction) | 28% | |
| 3° | Services (tourism, hostelery and public administration) | 67% |
The province of Cádiz has many kilometres of beaches and (as of 2005) the highest number of Blue Flags of all coastal provinces in Europe.
Some of these beaches are relatively wild and far from big urban areas. One of the attractions of the area is its contrast to the mass tourism on the Mediterranean coast. There are extensive nature reserves in the region and the unspoilt feel of the area is heightened by the presence of wild animals including cows and horses on many stretches of beach.
The Costa de la Luz has traditionally been a popular destination for Spaniards wanting to enjoy the beach while avoiding the stifling heat of the Mediterranean Coast, although until recently this largely unspoilt Atlantic coastline was little known to foreign visitors. One of the factors that brought the region to the attention of foreign holidaymakers was the growing realisation that its Southern reaches are one of the world's best locations for wind sports.
Tarifa, located on the Strait of Gibraltar at the southernmost point of mainland Europe, has become Europe's foremost kitesurfing destination due to the area's unique wind phenomena, reliably sunny summer weather and the variety of beaches at locations such as Los Canos de Meca, Bolonia, Punta Paloma and, most famously, Playa de Los Lances where in the summer months you will often see over 1,000 kites in the air. The local economy has benefited significantly from the wind sport explosion: there are more than 50 kite schools in Tarifa and hundreds of shops, bars and hotels serving the many thousands of kitesurfers who visit every year.
Notable beaches:
Doñana National Park is one of two national parks in the autonomous community of Andalusia. A small area of the park extends into Cádiz Province, just north of Sanlucar de Barrameda and on the south bank of the Rio Guadalquivir. This area is primarily marismas. The public have access to a recreational area and a short walking trail. There is no direct access to the bulk of the park that lies on the north bank of the river in the provinces of Seville and Huelva.
100 km2, located at the mouth of the Guadalete river, consists of marshland, beaches, reed and sand dunes.
Bird watching. Sailing, windsurfing, hiking.
(Ocean) Pine. Many types of shrubs and bushes.
Gannet solan goose, stork, cormorant, great crested grebe, (sea)gull, flamingo, tern, sea eagle, avocet.
37.97 km2, high cliff rock formations covered by pine trees.
Bird watching, archeological and botanical excursions, diving, windsurfing, sailing, hiking.
Strandpine, black juniper tree, black spruce, juniper, small palm tree, rosemary.
Herring gull, chaffinch, greenfinch, cattle egret, little egret, crested tit, woodpecker, kestrel, peregrine falcon.
This natural park is shared by three provinces, Cádiz, Huelva and Seville. It is an area to the east and northeast of the national park.
Home of the Iberian lynx, a protected species.
Information center in Alcalá de los Gazules; visitors centers in Algeciras and Cortes de la Frontera (Málaga).
1,700.25 km2 in area.
Low mountain range, densely covered by cork oak trees ("Alcornoques").
Bird watching, archeological and botanical excursions, hiking, mountainbiking, speleology.
Cork oak, olive tree, gall oak, pink rock rose, small palm tree, alder, rhododendron, holly, bracken (fern), cherry tree, laurel.
Sparrow hawk, short-toed snake eagle, booted eagle, goshawk, eagle owl, tawny owl, culture, kestrel, peregrine falcon, wild boar, deer, weasel, (sea)otter, wildcat, mongoose.
Administration in El Bosque; visitors' center in El Bosque.
516.95 km2 in area.
Limestone formation, transformed to ravines, declines and caves. Large colonies of Spanish fir ("pinsapo").
Bird watching, archeological and botanical excursions.
Hiking, climbing, mountainbiking, speleology, paragliding.
Spanish fir, cork oak, holm oak, gall oak, carob, oleaster.
Imperial eagle, golden eagle, fish hawk, vulture, Egyptian vulture, mountain goat, deer, mongoose, (sea)otter, fox.
Is the most meridional national park of Europe.
Its location at the southernmost point of mainland Spain, and of mainland Europe, at the point where the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea meet in the Strait of Gibraltar, places it on the migratory route for many birds.
There are eight natural reserves in the province: Complejo Endorreico de Chiclana, Complejo Endorreico de Espera, Complejo Endorreico de Puerto Real, Complejo Endorreico del Puerto de Santa María, Laguna de Medina, Lagunas de las Canteras y el Tejón, Laguna de la Paja, and Peñón de Zaframagón (which straddles the border with the province of Seville.)
There are seven natural sites in the province: Cola del Embalse de Arcos, Cola del Embalse de Bornos, Estuario del Río Guadiaro, Isla del Trocadero, Marismas de Sancti Petri, Marismas del Río Palmones, and Playa de Los Lances.
Parques Periurbanos: Pinares y Dunas de San Antón La Suara La Barrosa
There are five natural monuments in the province: Corrales de Rota, Duna de Bolonia, Punta del Boquerón, Tómbolo de Trafalgar, and Escarpes del Río Trejo en Setenil.
The main ways to enter the province are by road from Seville or Malaga and by the Jerez Airport.