Princely houses of Poland and Lithuania explained

The princely houses of Poland and Lithuania differed from other princely houses in Europe. Most importantly, Polish nobility (szlachta) could not be granted nobility titles by the Polish kings in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Therefore, the title of prince either dated to the times before the Union of Lublin, which created the Commonwealth in 1569, or was granted to some nobles (usually magnates) by foreign kings. Due to the longstanding history of common statehood, some noble families often described as "Polish" actually originated in Grand Duchy of Lithuania and are of Lithuanian or Ruthenian descent. Some houses are more correctly described as being of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Kingdom of Poland

  1. !
Name !Coat of Arms !Title recognition !Remarks
Royal Houses
align=top1Piast dynastyc. 960 The first historical dynasty prevailing in Poland from about 960 to 1370. Their progenitor, the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright, son of Chościsko, came from Gniezno. According to the chronicles of Gallus Anonymus, the son of Piast the Wheelwright and his wife RzepichaSiemowit, became the first ruler of the Piast dynasty. Followed by Lestek and Siemomysł. The first ruler of the Piast dynasty and Civitas Schinesghe (the first recorded name related to Poland as a political entity), who historically is not questioned, was Mieszko I of Poland.died out in 1370 in the Kingdom of Poland with the death of king Casimir III the Great; the last Silesian Piasts, who formed the oldest branch of the first Polish royal Piast dynasty, were George William, Duke of Liegnitz in 1675, and the last Silesian Piast female was Karolina, Duchess of Liegnitz-Brieg-Wohlau in 1707, in the Duchies of Silesia
align=top2Jagiellonian dynasty1386Princely (grand ducal) roots of this family are older, but only connected with Lithuania. Previously also known as the Gediminid dynasty in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The dynasty takes its name from Władysław II Jagiełło who was the Grand Duke of Lithuania between 1377–1434 and then alongside his wife queen regnant Jadwiga of Poland (reign 1384–1399) became king of Poland between 1386 and 1434.died out in 1596

Duchy of Pomerania

  1. !
Name !Coat of Arms !Title recognition !Remarks
Dukes of Pomerania
align=top1House of Griffins1106died out in 1660
align=top2House of Sobiesław1227died out in 1317 (Duchy of Pomerelia)

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

  1. !
Name !Coat of Arms !Title recognition !Estates !Remarks
"Ancient" Princely Houses (Rody „stare”)
align=top1Olelkowicz1569Duchy of Kopylsko-Słucktitle expired in 1592
align=top2Ostrogski1569Ordynacja and Duchy of Ostroróg, Jarosław, Tarnówtitle expired in 1620
4Borkowski1499Duchy of Samogitia[1] family exists
5Borowski~1528Princely family of Rurikid origin, Kniaz, Kśiestwo Żmudzkiefamily exists [2]
6Zasławski1569Duchy of Zasław, Ordynacja and Duchy of Ostrorógtitle expired in 1682
7Zbaraski1569Duchy of Zbarażtitle expired in 1631
8Wiśniowiecki1569Duchy of Wiśniowiec, Duchy of Łubniów, Duchy of Zbarażtitle expired in 1744
9Korecki1569Duchy of Koretstitle expired in 1651
10Sanguszko1569Duchy of Koszyrsk, Ordynacja Ostrogska, Duchy of Zasławfamily exists
11Czartoryski1569Duchy of Czartorysk, Duchy of Klewań, Puławy, Sieniawafamily exists
12Czetwertyński1569Duchy of Czetwertyniafamily exists
13Radziwiłł1569Duchy of Birżańsk, Ordynacja and Duchy of Nieświez, Duchy of Dubienica,
Ordynacja and Duchy of Ołyka, Ordynacja Kleck, Duchy of Kopylsko-Słuck
family exists
14Tarczyński1569Duchy of Tarczyn, family exists
"New" Princely Houses (Rody „nowe”)
align=top14Lubomirski1682Wiśnicz, Kolbuszowa, Jarosław, Przeworsk, Ordynacja Ostrogskafamily exists
align=top15Poniatowski1764Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi, Jabłonna, Kozienice, Grodno, Wołczynfamily exists
align=top16Sapieha1768Różana, Kodeń, Horki, Zelwafamily exists
Princes of the Partition Sejm
align=top17Poniński1773Wrześniatitle expired in 1920
align=top18Sułkowski1774Leszno, Ordynacja Rydzyńskafamily exists
align=top19Jabłonowski1775Duchy of Ostrogtitle expired in 1926
align=top20Massalski (Hetmans-Bishops line)1775Lachowicze, Mysz, Werki, Drujatitle expired in 1794
Ordynacja families
align=top21Zamoyski (Hetman line)1588Ordynacja Zamojska, Szarogródtitle expired in 1665
align=top22Zamoyski (Younger line)1676Ordynacja Zamojskafamily exists
align=top23Gonzaga-Myszkowski1601Ordynacja Pińczowskatitle expired in 1727
align=top24Gonzaga-Myszkowski-Wielopolski1729Ordynacja Pińczowskafamily exists
Lords of Principalities
align=top25Potocki family1696Duchy of Zbarazfamily exists
align=top26Mniszech1744Duchy of Wiśniowiecdied out in 1905
Royal Houses
align=top27Sobieski1674Żółkiewdied out in 1737
align=top28Leszczyński1705Lesznodied out in 1766
Dukes of Polish fiefs
align=top29Hohenzollern1525Duchy of Prussia, Lębork, Bytów, Taurogi, Serejefamily exists
align=top30Kettler1561Duchy of Courland and Semigalliatitle expired in 1737
align=top31Movilești (Mohyłowie)1595Principality of Moldavia, Wielkie Oczytitle expired, family exists in Ukraine and Western Russia
align=top32Wettin1759Duchy of Courland and Semigalliatitle expired in 1763, family exists
align=top33Biron1737Duchy of Courland and Semigalliafamily exists
Clergy Princes
align=top34Bishops of GnieznotraditionallyDuchy of Łowiczliquidated in 1795
align=top35Bishops of KrakowtraditionallyDuchy of Siewierzliquidated in 1790
align=top36Bishops of WarmiatraditionallyDuchy of Warmialiquidated in 1772
align=top37Bishops of PłocktraditionallyDuchy of Pułtuskliquidated in 1795
align=top38Provost of PłocktraditionallyDuchy of Sieluńliquidated in 1790

Old Lithuanian Gediminid and Ruthenian (Rurikid) Princely Houses

  1. !
Name !Coat of Arms !Remarks
Princely Houses
align=top1Giedroyćfamily exists
align=top2Światopełk-Mirskifamily exists
align=top3DruckiBranches: Druccy-Sokoliński, Drucki-Konopla, Drucki-Ozierecki,
Drucki-Pryhabski, Drucki-Horski, Drucki-Tołoczyński, Drucki-Lubecki
family exists
align=top4Rużyńskidied out in the 17th century
align=top5Kurcewiczfamily exists
align=top6Połubińskifamily exists
align=top7Łukomskifamily exists
align=top8Ostrożeckidied out
align=top9Zasławskifamily exists
align=top10Poryckidied out in 1637. Princes of Ruthenian origin in the Korybut clan.
align=top12Żyżemskiperhaps died out
align=top13Hołowczyńskidied out in 1658
align=top14Szujskidied out in 1658
align=top15Holszańskidied out
align=top16Szemiot / Szameitfamily exists
align=top17Pacdied out in 1835
align=top17Świrskifamily exists
align=top18Fedorowicz / Fiedorowiczdied out
align=top19Glińskidied out

Princely Houses with Tatar origin

These princely houses lived like average rich nobility, but sometimes part of these lived like peasants.[3]

Princely titles granted by foreign monarchs

  1. !
Name !Coat of Arms !Title recognition Remarks
align=top1Czartoryski1433[4] Holy Roman EmpireA confirmation of the old princely titlefamily exists
align=top2Radziwiłł1515/18 and 1547 Holy Roman EmpireA confirmation of the old princely titlefamily exists
align=top3Ossoliński1633, 1634, 1736Papal States, Holy Roman Empire, Franceentitled family lines died out
align=top4Denhoff1637Holy Roman Empireentitled family line died out
align=top5Koniecpolski1637Holy Roman Empireentitled family line died out
align=top6Lubomirski1647family exists
align=top7Jabłonowski1698, 1733/34, 1743Holy Roman Empireentitled family line died out
align=top8Sapieha/Sapieha-Rożański/Sapieha-Kodeński1700Holy Roman EmpireA confirmation of the old princely titlefamily exists
align=top9Sułkowski1752 Holy Roman Empirefamily exists
align=top10Lichnowski1773Prussiafamily exists
align=top11Poniatowski1765, 1847, 1850 Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (Bohemian title of Prince),
Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
family exists
align=top12Zajączek1818Russiatitle expired in 1826
align=top13Łowicki1820RussiaAn additional title of prince donated to the wife of Grand Duke Konstantin and for their descendantsthere were not children from this marriage. The title was expired
align=top14Radoliński1888 Prussiafamily exists

Kingdom of Poland (Congress Poland)

  1. !
Name !Coat of Arms !Title recognition !Remarks
Princely Houses
align=top1Światopełk-Mirski1821A confirmation of the old princely titlefamily exists
align=top2Puzyna1823A confirmation of the old princely titlefamily exists
align=top4Ogiński1824A confirmation of the old princely titlefamily exists
align=top5Woroniecki/Korybut-Woroniecki1844 and 1852A confirmation of the old princely titlefamily exists

See also

Further reading

Edition expanded by other authors: Herbarz Polski... vol. 4–10, published by Jan Nepomucen de Bobrowicz, Leipzig, 1841

Notes and References

  1. Web site: The Titled Families of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Polish Genealogical Society of America. pgsa.org. en-US. 2017-07-05.
  2. Borowscy książęta. Kniaź Wołodimir Andrejewicz Chrobry, żonaty z He- leną, córką Olgerda, wnuk w. ks. moskiewskiego Iwana Danifowicza Kalety, pozostawił pięciu synów, z których Semen otrzymał Horowsk. Czy jednak książęta Borowscy, zjawiający się na Litwie, pochodzą od niego, trudno o tym orzec coś stanowczego, skoro Borowsk przeszedł następnie w posiadanie synowców Semena, a synów Jarosława; stanowisko zaś, jakie zajmowali na Litwie kniaziowie Borowscy, tak jest różne od stanowiska potomków Jarosława, brata Semena, że prędzej należy przypuścić, iż litewscy kniaziowie Borowscy stanowią zubożałą odrośl jednej z licznych kniaziowskich rodzin, o pochodzeniu których nic nie wiemy.Z kniaziów Borowskich spotykamy na Litwie kniazia Bohdana, który ma sprawę z Chłupiniczami w 1499 roku i kniazia Juriego, męża Barbary, córki Marcina Jurłowa, który w 1542 r. ma sprawę z kniaziem Illnszonką o dom w Wilnie (ML G i 32). Kniaź Juri, pomimo że nabył w 1547 r. od Chodkiewicza różne majątki, nie musiał być bogatym, skoro pełnił obowiązki marszałka dworu Hlebowicza, wojewody wileńskiego (ML 48 I 62).Kniaź Juri Borowski pozostawił syna Lwa i córkę Helenę, która w 1570 roku była żoną Hieronima Kwileckiego (ML 51).Kniaź Lew Juriewicz Borowski z synami, Janem i Mikołajem, I córką Maryną, żoną Stanisława Burby, wnosi skargę w 1599 r. na (jintowta o za- branie spadku, który im się po Podbercskim przynależał (Akta T. YIII).* https://archive.org/stream/poczetrodwwwie00boniuoft/poczetrodwwwie00boniuoft_djvu.txt source: Adam Boniecki: Poczet Rodów w Wielkim księstwie Litewskim
  3. http://www.genpol.com/module-subjects-printpage-pageid-37-scope-all.html
  4. http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CC%5CZ%5CCzartoryski.htm Czartoryski