Primatomorpha Explained

Primatomorpha is a proposed mirorder of mammals containing the orders Dermoptera (or colugos) and Primates. Primatomorpha is sister to Scandentia, together forming the Euarchonta.

The term "Primatomorpha" first appeared in the general scientific literature in 1991 (K.C. Beard) and 1992 (Kalandadze, Rautian). Major DNA sequence analyses of predominantly nuclear sequences (Murphy et al., 2001) support the Euarchonta hypothesis, while a major study investigating mitochondrial sequences supports a different tree topology (Arnason et al., 2002). A study investigating retrotransposon presence/absence data has claimed strong support for Euarchonta (Kriegs et al., 2007). Some interpretations of the molecular data link Primates and Dermoptera in a clade (mirorder) known as Primatomorpha, which is the sister of Scandentia. Primates probably split from the Dermoptera sister group 79.6 million years ago during the Cretaceous.^{[1] [2]}

Other interpretations link the Dermoptera and Scandentia together in a group called Sundatheria as the sister group of the primates.^{[3] [4]} Some recent studies place Scandentia as sister of the Glires, invalidating Euarchonta.^{[5] [6]}

Taxonomy

Further reading

• Beard KC . Vertical postures and climbing in the morphotype of Primatomorpha: Implications for locomotor evolution in primate history . Editions du CNRS . Paris . Origine(s) de la Bipedie chez les Hominides . Cahiers de Paleoanthropologie . 1991 . 636661230 . 79–87 . 9782222046028 .
• Janecka JE, Miller W, Pringle TH, Wiens F, Zitzmann A, Helgen KM, Springer MS, Murphy WJ . Molecular and genomic data identify the closest living relative of primates . Science . 318 . 5851 . 792–4 . November 2007 . 17975064 . 10.1126/science.1147555 . 2007Sci...318..792J . 12251814 .
• Book: Goodman M, Czelusniak J, Page S, Meireles CM . Where DNA Sequences Place Homo sapiens in a Phylogenetic Classification of Primates . Tobias PV, Raath MA, Moggi-Cecchi J, Doyle GA . Humanity from African naissance to coming millennia : colloquia in human biology and paleoanthropology . Firenze University Press . Firenze . 2001 . 978-88-8453-003-5 .
• Kriegs JO, Churakov G, Jurka J, Brosius J, Schmitz J . Evolutionary history of 7SL RNA-derived SINEs in Supraprimates . Trends in Genetics . 23 . 4 . 158–61 . April 2007 . 17307271 . 10.1016/j.tig.2007.02.002 . (PDF version)
• Arnason U, Adegoke JA, Bodin K, Born EW, Esa YB, Gullberg A, Nilsson M, Short RV, Xu X, Janke A . Mammalian mitogenomic relationships and the root of the eutherian tree . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 99 . 12 . 8151–6 . June 2002 . 12034869 . 123036 . 10.1073/pnas.102164299 . 2002PNAS...99.8151A . free .
• Murphy WJ, Eizirik E, Johnson WE, Zhang YP, Ryder OA, O'Brien SJ . Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals . Nature . 409 . 6820 . 614–8 . February 2001 . 11214319 . 10.1038/35054550 . 2001Natur.409..614M . 4373847 .

Notes and References

1. Esselstyn JA, Oliveros CH, Swanson MT, Faircloth BC . Investigating Difficult Nodes in the Placental Mammal Tree with Expanded Taxon Sampling and Thousands of Ultraconserved Elements . Genome Biology and Evolution . 9 . 9 . 2308–2321 . September 2017 . 28934378 . 5604124 . 10.1093/gbe/evx168 .
2. Zhang ML, Li ML, Ayoola AO, Murphy RW, Wu DD, Shao Y . Conserved sequences identify the closest living relatives of primates . Zoological Research . 40 . 6 . 532–540 . November 2019 . 31393097 . 6822925 . 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.057 .
3. O'Leary MA, Bloch JI, Flynn JJ, Gaudin TJ, Giallombardo A, Giannini NP, Goldberg SL, Kraatz BP, Luo ZX, Meng J, Ni X, Novacek MJ, Perini FA, Randall ZS, Rougier GW, Sargis EJ, Silcox MT, Simmons NB, Spaulding M, Velazco PM, Weksler M, Wible JR, Cirranello AL . 6 . The placental mammal ancestor and the post-K-Pg radiation of placentals . Science . 339 . 6120 . 662–7 . February 2013 . 23393258 . 10.1126/science.1229237 . 2013Sci...339..662O . 11336/7302 . 206544776 . free .
4. Web site: Wilford . John Noble . vanc . Rat-Size Ancestor Said to Link Man and Beast . 7 February 2013 . . 9 February 2013 .
5. Meredith RW, Janečka JE, Gatesy J, Ryder OA, Fisher CA, Teeling EC, Goodbla A, Eizirik E, Simão TL, Stadler T, Rabosky DL, Honeycutt RL, Flynn JJ, Ingram CM, Steiner C, Williams TL, Robinson TJ, Burk-Herrick A, Westerman M, Ayoub NA, Springer MS, Murphy WJ . 6 . Impacts of the Cretaceous Terrestrial Revolution and KPg extinction on mammal diversification . Science . 334 . 6055 . 521–4 . October 2011 . 21940861 . 10.1126/science.1211028 . 2011Sci...334..521M . 38120449 .
6. Zhou X, Sun F, Xu S, Yang G, Li M . The position of tree shrews in the mammalian tree: Comparing multi-gene analyses with phylogenomic results leaves monophyly of Euarchonta doubtful . Integrative Zoology . 10 . 2 . 186–98 . March 2015 . 25311886 . 10.1111/1749-4877.12116 .