Phosphoprotein Explained

A phosphoprotein is a protein that is posttranslationally modified by the attachment of either a single phosphate group, or a complex molecule such as 5'-phospho-DNA, through a phosphate group. The target amino acid is most often serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues (mostly in eukaryotes), or aspartic acid or histidine residues (mostly in prokaryotes).^[1]

Biological function

The phosphorylation of proteins is a major regulatory mechanism in cells.^[2]

Clinical significance

Phosphoproteins have been proposed as biomarkers for breast cancer.^{[3] [4]}

See also

• Protein phosphorylation
• Phosphoserine

Notes and References

1. https://www.uniprot.org/keywords/KW-0597 Keyword - Phosphoprotein
2. Cozzone AJ . Protein phosphorylation in prokaryotes . Annu. Rev. Microbiol. . 42 . 97–125 . 1988 . 2849375 . 10.1146/annurev.mi.42.100188.000525 .
3. http://www.genengnews.com/gen-news-highlights/liquid-biopsy-could-get-boost-from-phosphoproteins/81254064 Liquid Biopsy Could Get Boost from Phosphoproteins. 2017
4. http://www.pnas.org/content/114/12/3175.abstract Phosphoproteins in extracellular vesicles as candidate markers for breast cancer