Periplakin Explained

Periplakin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PPL gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

The protein encoded by this gene is a component of desmosomes and of the epidermal cornified envelope in keratinocytes. The N-terminal domain of this protein interacts with the plasma membrane and its C-terminus interacts with intermediate filaments. Through its rod domain, this protein forms complexes with envoplakin. This protein may serve as a link between the cornified envelope and desmosomes as well as intermediate filaments. AKT1/PKB, a protein kinase mediating a variety of cell growth and survival signaling processes, is reported to interact with this protein, suggesting a possible role for this protein as a localization signal in AKT1-mediated signaling.^[3]

Interactions

PPL (gene) has been shown to interact with Keratin 8^[4] and Envoplakin.^{[5] [6]}

See also

• List of target antigens in pemphigus

Further reading

• Amagai M . Autoimmunity against desmosomal cadherins in pemphigus. . J. Dermatol. Sci. . 20 . 2 . 92–102 . 1999 . 10379702 . 10.1016/S0923-1811(99)00016-X .
• Leung CL, Green KJ, Liem RK . Plakins: a family of versatile cytolinker proteins. . Trends Cell Biol. . 12 . 1 . 37–45 . 2002 . 11854008 . 10.1016/S0962-8924(01)02180-8 .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery. . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Ruhrberg C, Hajibagheri MA, Parry DA, Watt FM . Periplakin, a novel component of cornified envelopes and desmosomes that belongs to the plakin family and forms complexes with envoplakin. . J. Cell Biol. . 139 . 7 . 1835–49 . 1998 . 9412476 . 10.1083/jcb.139.7.1835 . 2132639 .
• Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Miyajima N, etal . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro. . DNA Res. . 5 . 1 . 31–9 . 1998 . 9628581 . 10.1093/dnares/5.1.31 . free .
• Aho S, Rothenberger K, Tan EM, etal . Human periplakin: genomic organization in a clonally unstable region of chromosome 16p with an abundance of repetitive sequence elements. . Genomics . 56 . 2 . 160–8 . 1999 . 10051401 . 10.1006/geno.1998.5704 .
• DiColandrea T, Karashima T, Määttä A, Watt FM . Subcellular distribution of envoplakin and periplakin: insights into their role as precursors of the epidermal cornified envelope. . J. Cell Biol. . 151 . 3 . 573–86 . 2000 . 11062259 . 10.1083/jcb.151.3.573 . 2185584 .
• van den Heuvel AP, de Vries-Smits AM, van Weeren PC, etal . Binding of protein kinase B to the plakin family member periplakin. . J. Cell Sci. . 115 . Pt 20 . 3957–66 . 2003 . 12244133 . 10.1242/jcs.00069 . 12136252 .
• Kazerounian S, Uitto J, Aho S . Unique role for the periplakin tail in intermediate filament association: specific binding to keratin 8 and vimentin. . Exp. Dermatol. . 11 . 5 . 428–38 . 2003 . 12366696 . 10.1034/j.1600-0625.2002.110506.x . 25735126 .
• Karashima T, Watt FM . Interaction of periplakin and envoplakin with intermediate filaments. . J. Cell Sci. . 115 . Pt 24 . 5027–37 . 2003 . 12432088 . 10.1242/jcs.00191 . 22383123 .
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . free .
• Feng GJ, Kellett E, Scorer CA, etal . Selective interactions between helix VIII of the human mu-opioid receptors and the C terminus of periplakin disrupt G protein activation. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 35 . 33400–7 . 2003 . 12810704 . 10.1074/jbc.M305866200 . free.
• Kazerounian S, Aho S . Characterization of periphilin, a widespread, highly insoluble nuclear protein and potential constituent of the keratinocyte cornified envelope. . J. Biol. Chem. . 278 . 38 . 36707–17 . 2003 . 12853457 . 10.1074/jbc.M303896200 . free .
• Straub BK, Boda J, Kuhn C, etal . A novel cell-cell junction system: the cortex adhaerens mosaic of lens fiber cells. . J. Cell Sci. . 116 . Pt 24 . 4985–95 . 2004 . 14625392 . 10.1242/jcs.00815 . free .
• Kalinin AE, Idler WW, Marekov LN, etal . Co-assembly of envoplakin and periplakin into oligomers and Ca(2+)-dependent vesicle binding: implications for cornified cell envelope formation in stratified squamous epithelia. . J. Biol. Chem. . 279 . 21 . 22773–80 . 2004 . 15033990 . 10.1074/jbc.M313660200 . free.
• Beekman JM, Bakema JE, van de Winkel JG, Leusen JH . Direct interaction between FcgammaRI (CD64) and periplakin controls receptor endocytosis and ligand binding capacity. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 101 . 28 . 10392–7 . 2004 . 15229321 . 10.1073/pnas.0401217101 . 478582 . 2004PNAS..10110392B . free .

Notes and References

1. Ruhrberg C, Williamson JA, Maatta A, Watt FM . The periplakin gene maps to 16p13.3 in human and 16A-B1 in mouse . Genomics . 49 . 1 . 157–9 . Jun 1998 . 9570964 . 10.1006/geno.1997.5206 .
2. Aho S, McLean WH, Li K, Uitto J . cDNA cloning, mRNA expression, and chromosomal mapping of human and mouse periplakin genes . Genomics . 48 . 2 . 242–7 . Jun 1998 . 9521878 . 10.1006/geno.1997.5188 .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: PPL periplakin.
4. Kazerounian . Shideh . Uitto Jouni . Aho Sirpa . Oct 2002 . Unique role for the periplakin tail in intermediate filament association: specific binding to keratin 8 and vimentin . Exp. Dermatol. . 11 . 5 . 428–38 . Denmark. 0906-6705. 12366696 . 10.1034/j.1600-0625.2002.110506.x . 25735126 .
5. Karashima . Tadashi . Watt Fiona M . Dec 2002 . Interaction of periplakin and envoplakin with intermediate filaments . J. Cell Sci. . 115 . Pt 24 . 5027–37 . England. 0021-9533. 12432088 . 10.1242/jcs.00191 . 22383123 .
6. Ruhrberg . C . Hajibagheri M A . Parry D A . Watt F M . Dec 1997 . Periplakin, a novel component of cornified envelopes and desmosomes that belongs to the plakin family and forms complexes with envoplakin . J. Cell Biol. . 139 . 7 . 1835–49 . UNITED STATES. 0021-9525. 9412476 . 10.1083/jcb.139.7.1835 . 2132639 .