Perazine Explained
| Verifiedfields: | changed |
| Watchedfields: | changed |
| Verifiedrevid: | 444044065 |
| Atc Prefix: | N05 |
| Atc Suffix: | AB10 |
| Cas Number: | 84-97-9 |
| Pubchem: | 4744 |
| Drugbank: | DB12710 |
| Chemspiderid: | 4582 |
| Unii: | 8915147A2B |
| Kegg: | C16903 |
| Chebi: | 59118 |
| Chembl: | 1697766 |
| Iupac Name: | 10-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl]-10H-phenothiazine |
| C: | 20 |
| H: | 25 |
| N: | 3 |
| S: | 1 |
| Smiles: | CN1CCN(CC1)CCCN2C3=CC=CC=C3SC4=CC=CC=C42 |
| Stdinchi: | 1S/C20H25N3S/c1-21-13-15-22(16-14-21)11-6-12-23-17-7-2-4-9-19(17)24-20-10-5-3-8-18(20)23/h2-5,7-10H,6,11-16H2,1H3 |
| Stdinchikey: | WEYVCQFUGFRXOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Perazine (Taxilan) is a moderate-potency typical antipsychotic of the phenothiazine class. It is quite similar to chlorpromazine, and acts as a dopamine antagonist. It was very popular in West-Germany. A 2014 systematic review compared it with other antipsychotic drugs:
Perazine versus other antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia[1] | Summary |
|---|
| The number, size and reporting of randomized controlled perazine trials are insufficient to present firm conclusions about the properties of this antipsychotic. It is possible that perazine is associated with a similar risk of extrapyramidal side effects as some atypical antipsychotics but this is based on few comparisons of limited power. |
| Outcome | Findings in words | Findings in numbers | Quality of evidence |
|---|
| Global state |
|---|
No better or deterioration
Follow-up: average 5 weeks | Perazine may decrease the chance of experiencing this outcome. These findings are based on data of low quality. | RR 0.43 (0.23 to 0.81) | Low | | Mental state |
|---|
Less than 30% BPRS reduction
Follow-up: mean 5 weeks | The average overall mental state score in the perazine group was lower than for those given other antipsychotic drugs but the difference between the groups was not clear. These findings are based on data of low quality. | RR 0.82 (0.61 to 1.09) | Low | | Adverse effects |
|---|
Needing antiparkinson medication
Follow-up: average 5 weeks | Perazine might increase the risk of experiencing this outcome but at present it is not possible to be confident about the difference between perazine and other antipsychotic drugs. Data supporting this finding are very limited. | RR 4.5 (1.04 to 19.45) | Very low | Leaving the study early - due to adverse events
Follow-up: average 4 weeks | There was not a clear difference between perazine and the other antipsychotic drugs for this general outcome reflecting overall adverse event 'load'. These findings are based on data of low quality. | 0.87 (0.4 to 1.9) | Low | | Acceptability of treatment |
|---|
Leaving the studies early - any reason
Follow-up: 5 weeks | Perazine and the comparison antipsychotic drugs were equally tolerated. These findings are based on data of low quality. | RR 0.62 (0.35 to 1.1) | Low | | No study reported any data on outcomes such as quality of life or information relating to satisfaction with care. | | | |
| |
Synthesis
Phenothiazine-10-propionitrile [1698-80-2] (1) is treated with a mixture of acid and alcohol giving Methyl phenothiazinepropionate, CID:368244 (2). Heating with 1-methylpiperazine (3) gives the amide [91508-47-3] (4). Reduction of this last by means of diborane yields Perazine (5).
See also
Notes and References
- Leucht S, Helfer B, Hartung B . Perazine for schizophrenia . The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews . 1 . 1 . CD002832 . January 2014 . 24425538 . 10.1002/14651858.CD002832.pub3 . 11015532 .
