| Ipa Symbol: | ŋ͡ǂ ŋ͡ |
| Ipa Symbol2: | ᵑǂ ᵑ |
| Ipa Symbol3: | ǂ̃ ̃ |
| Kirshenbaum: | n^! |
| Ipa Symbol: | ɴ͡ǂ ɴ͡ |
| Ipa Symbol2: | ᶰǂ ᶰ |
See main article: Palatal click and nasal click.
The palatal nasal click is a click consonant found primarily among the languages of southern Africa. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet for a nasal palatal click with a velar rear articulation is (IPA|ŋ͡ǂ) or (IPA|ŋ͜ǂ), commonly abbreviated to (IPA|ŋǂ), (IPA|ᵑǂ) or (IPA|ǂ̃). Linguists who prefer the old IPA letters use the analogous Beach convention[1] of (IPA|ŋ͡) or (IPA|ŋ͜), abbreviated (IPA|ŋ), (IPA|ᵑ) or (IPA|̃). For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are (IPA|ɴ͡ǂ, ɴ͜ǂ, ɴǂ, ᶰǂ) and (IPA|ɴ͡, ɴ͜, ɴ, ᶰ).Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. (IPA|ǂŋ) or (IPA|ǂᵑ); this may be a simple orthographic choice, or may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.[2]
Features of the palatal nasal click:
Palatal nasal clicks are only found in the various Khoisan languages families of southern Africa and in the neighboring Yeyi language.[3]
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khoekhoe | ǂnauǃhuiǂgui | pronounced as /[ᵑǂə̀űᵑ̊ǃʰȕíᵏǂȕí]/ pronounced as /[ᵑə̀űᵑ̊ǃʰȕíᵏȕí]/ | to give s.o. a bloody nose | |
| Naro | ntcùú qhuri c’õa (nçùú qhuri c’õa) | pronounced as /[ᵑǂǔːǃʰūɾīŋǀˀõ̯ã]/ pronounced as /[ᵑǔːʗʰūɾīŋʇˀõ̯ã]/ | the Milky Way | |
| Taa | ǂnûm | pronounced as /[ᵑǂûm]/ pronounced as /[ᵑûm]/ | two | |
| Gǀui | pronounced as /[ᵑǂâː]/ pronounced as /[ᵑâː]/ | to stare |
| Above: | Glottalized palatal nasal click |
| Ipa Symbol: | ǂ̃ˀ |
| Ipa Symbol2: | ᵑǂ͡ʔ |
| Ipa Symbol3: | ᵑ̊ǂˀ |
| Ipa Symbol4: | ᵑǂˀ |
| Showbelow: | no |
See main article: Glottalized click.
All Khoisan languages, and a few Bantu languages, have glottalized nasal clicks. These are formed by closing the glottis so that the click is pronounced in silence; however, any preceding vowel will be nasalized.
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khoekhoe | ǂamǁgû | pronounced as /[ᵑǂ͡ʔàm̀ᵏǁṹṹ]/ pronounced as /[ᵑˀàm̀ᵏʖṹṹ]/ | to inadvertently bite a hard object | |
| Naro | tc’úú-tc’ùù (ç’úú-ç’ùù) | pronounced as /[ᵑǂˀúːŋǂˀùː]/ | to paint | |
| Gǀui | pronounced as /[ᵑǂ͡ʔáː]/ pronounced as /[ᵑˀáː]/ | to hide (oneself) | ||
| Yeyi | pronounced as /[makʰweᵑǂˀumu]/ | sunrise |
pronounced as /navigation/