PTGES3 explained

Prostaglandin E synthase 3 (cytosolic) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGES3 gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene is also known as p23 which functions as a chaperone which is required for proper functioning of the glucocorticoid and other steroid receptors.^[2]

Further reading

• Johnson JL, Beito TG, Krco CJ, Toft DO . Characterization of a novel 23-kilodalton protein of inactive progesterone receptor complexes . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 14 . 3 . 1956–63 . 1994 . 8114727 . 10.1128/MCB.14.3.1956. 358554 .
• Wu T, Wu H, Wang J, Wang J . Expression and cellular localization of cyclooxygenases and prostaglandin E synthases in the hemorrhagic brain. . J Neuroinflammation . 8 . 22 . 2011 . 21385433 . 10.1186/1742-2094-8-22 . 3062590 . free .
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB . Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery . Genome Res. . 6 . 9 . 791–806 . 1997 . 8889548 . 10.1101/gr.6.9.791 . free .
• Dittmar KD, Pratt WB . Folding of the glucocorticoid receptor by the reconstituted Hsp90-based chaperone machinery. The initial hsp90.p60.hsp70-dependent step is sufficient for creating the steroid binding conformation . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 20 . 13047–13054 . 1997 . 9148915 . 10.1074/jbc.272.20.13047 . free .
• Dittmar KD . Folding of the glucocorticoid receptor by the heat shock protein (hsp) 90-based chaperone machinery. The role of p23 is to stabilize receptor.hsp90 heterocomplexes formed by hsp90.p60.hsp70 . J. Biol. Chem. . 272 . 34 . 21213–21220 . 1997 . 9261129 . 10.1074/jbc.272.34.21213 . Demady DR . Stancato LF . Krishna . P . Pratt . WB . free.
• Zou J . Repression of heat shock transcription factor HSF1 activation by HSP90 (HSP90 complex) that forms a stress-sensitive complex with HSF1 . Cell . 94 . 4 . 471–480 . 1998 . 9727490 . 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81588-3 . Guo Y . Guettouche T . Smith . David F . Voellmy . Richard . 9234420 . free.
• Yoo JY, Hamburger AW . Interaction of the p23/p198 protein with ErbB-3 . Gene . 229 . 1–2 . 215–221 . 1999 . 10095121 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00604-0 .
• Knoblauch R, Garabedian MJ . Role for Hsp90-associated cochaperone p23 in estrogen receptor signal transduction . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 19 . 5 . 3748–59 . 1999 . 10207098 . 10.1128/MCB.19.5.3748. 84199 .
• Muñoz MJ, Bejarano ER, Daga RR, Jimenez J . The identification of Wos2, a p23 homologue that interacts with Wee1 and Cdc2 in the mitotic control of fission yeasts . Genetics . 153 . 4 . 1561–72 . 2000 . 10.1093/genetics/153.4.1561 . 10581266 . 1460861 .
• Freeman BC, Felts SJ, Toft DO, Yamamoto KR . The p23 molecular chaperones act at a late step in intracellular receptor action to differentially affect ligand efficacies . Genes Dev. . 14 . 4 . 422–34 . 2000 . 10.1101/gad.14.4.422 . 10691735 . 316379 .
• Weaver AJ . Crystal structure and activity of human p23, a heat shock protein 90 co-chaperone . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 30 . 23045–23052 . 2000 . 10811660 . 10.1074/jbc.M003410200 . Sullivan WP . Felts SJ . Owen . BA . Toft . DO . free .
• Tanioka T . Molecular identification of cytosolic prostaglandin E2 synthase that is functionally coupled with cyclooxygenase-1 in immediate prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 42 . 32775–32782 . 2000 . 10922363 . 10.1074/jbc.M003504200 . Nakatani Y . Semmyo N . Murakami . M . Kudo . I . free .
• Kazlauskas A, Poellinger L, Pongratz I . The immunophilin-like protein XAP2 regulates ubiquitination and subcellular localization of the dioxin receptor . J. Biol. Chem. . 275 . 52 . 41317–41324 . 2001 . 11013261 . 10.1074/jbc.M007765200 . free .
• Futatsumori M . Identification and characterization of novel isoforms of COP I subunits . J. Biochem. . 128 . 5 . 793–801 . 2001 . 11056392 . 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a022817. Kasai K . Takatsu H . Shin . HW . Nakayama . K .
• Kazlauskas A, Sundström S, Poellinger L, Pongratz I . The hsp90 chaperone complex regulates intracellular localization of the dioxin receptor . Mol. Cell. Biol. . 21 . 7 . 2594–2607 . 2001 . 11259606 . 10.1128/MCB.21.7.2594-2607.2001 . 86890 .
• Forsythe HL . Stable association of hsp90 and p23, but Not hsp70, with active human telomerase . J. Biol. Chem. . 276 . 19 . 15571–15574 . 2001 . 11274138 . 10.1074/jbc.C100055200 . Jarvis JL . Turner JW . Elmore . LW . Holt . SE . free .
• Donzé O, Abbas-Terki T, Picard D . The Hsp90 chaperone complex is both a facilitator and a repressor of the dsRNA-dependent kinase PKR . EMBO J. . 20 . 14 . 3771–3780 . 2001 . 11447118 . 10.1093/emboj/20.14.3771 . 125551 .
• Elder RT . HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25 . Virology . 287 . 2 . 359–370 . 2001 . 11531413 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1007 . Yu M . Chen M . Zhu . X . Yanagida . M . Zhao . Y . free.
• Hernández MP, Chadli A, Toft DO . HSP40 binding is the first step in the HSP90 chaperoning pathway for the progesterone receptor . J. Biol. Chem. . 277 . 14 . 11873–11881 . 2002 . 11809754 . 10.1074/jbc.M111445200 . free .
• McLaughlin SH, Smith HW, Jackson SE . Stimulation of the weak ATPase activity of human hsp90 by a client protein . J. Mol. Biol. . 315 . 4 . 787–798 . 2002 . 11812147 . 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5245 .
• Cox MB, Miller CA . The p23 co-chaperone facilitates dioxin receptor signaling in a yeast model system . Toxicol. Lett. . 129 . 1–2 . 13–21 . 2002 . 11879970 . 10.1016/S0378-4274(01)00465-9 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: PTGES3 Prostaglandin E synthase 3 (cytosolic).
2. Freeman BC, Yamamoto KR . Disassembly of transcriptional regulatory complexes by molecular chaperones . Science . 296 . 5576 . 2232–2235 . June 2002 . 12077419 . 10.1126/science.1073051 . 2002Sci...296.2232F . 8844179 .