Organic laser explained

thumb|Liquid organic dye laser system excited by a copper vapor laser

An organic laser is a laser which uses an organic (carbon based) material as the gain medium. The first organic laser was the liquid dye laser.[1] [2] These lasers use laser dye solutions as their gain media.

Organic lasers are inherently tunable and when configured as optimized multiple-prism grating laser oscillators can yield efficient single-transverse mode, and single-longitudinal-mode, emission with laser linewidths as narrow as 350 MHz (approximately 0.0004 nm at a wavelength of 590 nm), in the high-power pulsed regime.[3]

Solid-state dye lasers

thumb|upright=0.6|Organic solid-state narrow-linewidth tunable dye laser oscillator using a dye-doped polymer as gain medium[4]

Solid-state dye lasers are organic tunable lasers that use a variety of organic gain media, such as laser dye-doped polymers (DDP),[5] laser dye-doped ormosil (DDO),[6] and laser dye-doped polymer-nanoparticle (DDPN) matrices.[7]

DDO and DDPN gain media are subsets of a larger class of organic-inorganic hybrid materials used as laser matrices.[8] [9]

Organic semiconductor laser

Other types of solid-state organic lasers include the organic semiconductor lasers that use conjugated polymers as gain media.[10] [11] [12] [13] These semiconductor materials can also be configured as "neat films."[14]

Coherent emission, characterized via high-visibility double-slit interferograms (V ~ 0.9) and near diffraction-limited beam divergence, has been reported from electrically pumped coumarin dye-doped tandem OLED devices.[15]

Distributed feedback laser

Organic lasers are also available in distributed feedback configurations[16] [17] and distributed feedback waveguides.[18]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Sorokin . P. P. . P. P. Sorokin. Lankard . J. R. . Stimulated Emission Observed from an Organic Dye, Chloro-aluminum Phthalocyanine . IBM Journal of Research and Development . IBM . 10 . 2 . 1966 . 0018-8646 . 10.1147/rd.102.0162 . 162–163.
  2. Schäfer . Fritz P. . F. P. Schäfer. Schmidt . Werner . Volze . Jürgen . Organic dye solution laser . Applied Physics Letters . AIP Publishing . 9 . 8 . 1966-10-15 . 0003-6951 . 10.1063/1.1754762 . 306–309. free .
  3. Duarte . Francisco J. . Multiple-prism grating solid-state dye laser oscillator: optimized architecture . Applied Optics . The Optical Society . 38 . 30 . 1999-10-20 . 6347–6349 . 0003-6935 . 10.1364/ao.38.006347 . 18324163 .
  4. Duarte . Francisco J. . Taylor . Travis S. . Travis S. Taylor. Costela . Angel . Garcia-Moreno . Inmaculada . Sastre . Roberto . Long-pulse narrow-linewidth dispersive solid-state dye-laser oscillator . Applied Optics . The Optical Society . 37 . 18 . 1998-06-20 . 0003-6935 . 10.1364/ao.37.003987 . 3987–3989. 18273368 .
  5. Soffer . B. H. . McFarland . B. B. . Continuously tunable narrow-band organic dye lasers . Applied Physics Letters . AIP Publishing . 10 . 10 . 1967-05-15 . 0003-6951 . 10.1063/1.1754804 . 266–267.
  6. B. S. Dunn, J. D. Mackenzie, J. I. Zink, and O. M. Stafsudd, Solid-state tunable lasers based on dye-doped sol-gel materials, Proc. SPIE 1328, 174-182 (1990).
  7. Duarte . F. J. . F. J. Duarte. James . R. O. . Tunable solid-state lasers incorporating dye-doped, polymer– nanoparticle gain media . Optics Letters . The Optical Society . 28 . 21 . 2003-11-01 . 0146-9592 . 10.1364/ol.28.002088 . 2088–2090. 14587824 .
  8. A. Costela, I. Garcia-Moreno, R. Sastre, Solid-state dye lasers, in Tunable Laser Applications, 2nd Edition, F. J. Duarte, Ed. (CRC, New York, 2009) Chapter 3.
  9. Costela . A. . Cerdán . L. . García-Moreno . I. . Solid state dye lasers with scattering feedback . Progress in Quantum Electronics . Elsevier BV . 37 . 6 . 2013 . 0079-6727 . 10.1016/j.pquantelec.2013.10.001 . 348–382.
  10. Samuel . I. D. W. . Turnbull . G. A. . Organic Semiconductor Lasers . Chemical Reviews . American Chemical Society (ACS) . 107 . 4 . 2007 . 0009-2665 . 10.1021/cr050152i . 1272–1295. 17385928 . 46525744 .
  11. C. Karnutsch, Low Threshold Organic Thin Film Laser Devices (Cuvillier, Göttingen, 2007).
  12. Kuehne . Alexander J. C. . Gather . Malte C. . Organic Lasers: Recent Developments on Materials, Device Geometries, and Fabrication Techniques . Chemical Reviews . American Chemical Society (ACS) . 116 . 21 . 2016-08-08 . 0009-2665 . 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00172 . 12823–12864. 27501192 . 10023/11411 . free .
  13. Patil . N. . Optical Pumping in Polymer Lasers: Advances and Challenges . Optics and Photonics News . Optical Society of America (OSA) . 17 . 5 . 2006 . 1047-6938 . 10.1364/OPN.17.5.000037 . 37–41.
  14. Bansal . A.K. . Penzkofer . A. . Linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopic characterisation of triphenylamine and 1,2,3-tris(3-methylphenylphenylamino)benzene . Chemical Physics . Elsevier BV . 352 . 1–3 . 2008 . 0301-0104 . 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.05.006 . 48–56.
  15. Duarte . F. J. . Liao . L. S. . Vaeth . K. M. . Coherence characteristics of electrically excited tandem organic light-emitting diodes . Optics Letters . The Optical Society . 30 . 22 . 2005-11-15 . 3072–3074 . 0146-9592 . 10.1364/ol.30.003072 . 16315725 .
  16. Wadsworth . W.J. . McKinnie . I.T. . Woolhouse . A.D. . Haskell . T.G. . Efficient distributed feedback solid state dye laser with a dynamic grating . Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics . Springer Science and Business Media LLC . 69 . 2 . 1999-08-01 . 0946-2171 . 10.1007/s003400050791 . 163–165. 122330477 .
  17. Zhu . Xiao-Lei . Lam . Sio-Kuan . Lo . Dennis . Distributed-feedback dye-doped solgel silica lasers . Applied Optics . The Optical Society . 39 . 18 . 2000-06-20 . 0003-6935 . 10.1364/ao.39.003104 . 3104–3107. 18345240 .
  18. Oki . Yuji . Miyamoto . Shinichi . Tanaka . Masamitsu . Zuo . Duluo . Maeda . Mitsuo . Long lifetime and high repetition rate operation from distributed feedback plastic waveguided dye lasers . Optics Communications . Elsevier BV . 214 . 1–6 . 2002 . 0030-4018 . 10.1016/s0030-4018(02)02125-9 . 277–283.

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