Occupational medicine explained

Occupational Medicine
Occupational Medicine Physician
Official Names:
  • Physician
Type:Specialty
Activity Sector:Medicine
Formation:
Employment Field:Hospitals, Clinics, Government Agencies, Corporations,

Occupational and Environmental Medicine (OEM), previously called industrial medicine,[1] is a board certified medical specialty under the American Board of Preventative Medicine that specializes in the prevention and treatment of work-related illnesses and injuries.[2]

OEM physicians are trained in both clinical medicine and public health.[3] They may work in a clinical capacity providing direct patient care to workers through worker's compensation programs or employee health programs and performing medical screening services for employers. Corporate medical directors are typically occupational medicine physicians who often have specialized training in the hazards relevant to their industry. OEM physicians are employed by the US military in light of the significant and unique exposures faced by this population of workers. Public health departments, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) commonly employ physicians specialized in occupational medicine.[4] They often advise international bodies, governmental and state agencies, organizations, and trade unions.[5]

The specialty of Occupational Medicine rose in prominence following the industrial revolution.[6] Factory workers and laborers in a broad host of emergent industries at the time were becoming profoundly ill and often dying due to work exposures which prompted formal efforts to better understand, recognize, treat and prevent occupational injury and disease.[7]

More recently occupational medicine gained visibility during the COVID-19 Pandemic as spread of the illness was intricately linked to the workplace necessitating dramatic adjustments in workplace health, safety and surveillance practices.[8]

In the United States, the American College of Preventive Medicine oversees board certification of physicians in Occupational and Environmental Medicine [9]

Mission

Occupational medicine aims to prevent diseases and promote wellness among workers.[10] Occupational health physicians must:[10]

OM can be described as:

work that combines clinical medicine, research, and advocacy for people who need the assistance of health professionals to obtain some measure of justice and health care for illnesses they suffer as a result of companies pursuing the biggest profits they can make, no matter what the effect on workers or the communities they operate in.[11]

History

The first textbook of occupational medicine, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba (Diseases of Workers), was written by Italian physician Bernardino Ramazzini in 1700.

Notable Occupational Medicine Physicians

Governmental bodies

United States

Russian Federation

Research Institute of Occupational Medicine of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow)

Non-governmental organizations

International

Canadian

Japan

United Kingdom

United States

Europe

Australasia

See also

Notes and References

  1. https://global.britannica.com/topic/industrial-medicine Encyclopædia Britannica
  2. Book: Ladou, Joseph . Current Diagnosis and Treatment: Occupational and Environmental Medicine . McGraw Hill . 2021 . 978-1-260-14343-0 . 6th . United States of America . 1–37.
  3. Web site: Thomas McClure, MD . What Is Occupational Medicine and What Do Occupational Medicine Specialists Do? . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20060926173940/http://www.sfms.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home&CONTENTID=1524&TEMPLATE=%2FCM%2FHTMLDisplay.cfm&SECTION=Article_Archives . 26 September 2006 . 9 April 2016 . San Francisco Medical Society.
  4. Web site: Occupational Epidemiology and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health . 2024-02-08 . www.cdc.gov.
  5. Web site: Occupational Medicine . American Medical Association . 24 May 2020.
  6. Web site: Changing the Face of Medicine AliceHamilton . 2024-02-08 . cfmedicine.nlm.nih.gov.
  7. Book: Hamilton, Alice . Exploring the Dangerous Trades . 1985 . Northeastern Univ Pr . 978-0930350819.
  8. Kammoun . Nesrine . Bani . Mejda . Nouaigui . Habib . 2022 . The role of occupational medicine in the response to the coronavirus outbreak: the Tunisian Occupational Health and Safety Institute's experience . Pan African Medical Journal . en . 41 . 19 . 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.19.27713 . 1937-8688 . 8895581 . 35291363.
  9. Web site: Become Certified – American Board of Preventive Medicine.
  10. Web site: New to Occupational and Environmental Medicine . ACOEM . 2021-11-21.
  11. http://www.thenation.com/blog/166246/remembering-dr-stephen-levin Interview with Dr. Stephen Levin/Obituary, Katie Halper, The Nation, February 14, 2012