Novaya Gazeta Explained

Type:Triweekly – Monday, Wednesday, Friday
Format:A2 per spread
Owners: (as of 2017)
Founders:Group of former journalists from Komsomolskaya Pravda
Publisher:ANO RID
Chiefeditor:Dmitry Muratov
Launched: (Russia)
(Europe)
Ceased Publication:28 March 2022 (Russia)
Language:Russian, English
Headquarters:Moscow (formerly)
Publishing Country:Russia
Circulation:108,000 (print);
613,000 (online)
Circulation Date:2023
Circulation Ref:[1] [2]
Issn:1682-7384
Eissn:1606-4828
Oclc:58481623
Website:

    (Russian: Новая газета|t=New[-style] Newspaper|p=ˈnovəjə ɡɐˈzʲetə) is an independent Russian newspaper. It is known for its critical and investigative coverage of Russian political and social affairs, the horrors of the Chechen wars, corruption among the ruling elite, and increasing authoritarianism in Russia.[3] [4] [5] [6] It was formerly published in Moscow until shortly after the war began, in regions within Russia, and in some foreign countries. The print edition is published on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays; English-language articles on the website are published on a weekly basis in the form of the Russia, Explained newsletter. As of 2023, the newspaper had a daily print circulation of 108,000, and online visits of 613,000.[1] [2]

    Seven journalists, including Yuri Shchekochikhin, Anna Politkovskaya, and Anastasia Baburova, have been murdered since 2000, in connection with their investigations.[7] In October 2021, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, alongside Maria Ressa, for their safeguarding of freedom of expression in their homelands.[8]

    In March 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the newspaper suspended publication within Russia due to increased government censorship. The next month, a European edition of the paper, Europe, was launched from Riga, Latvia, in order to avoid censorship; the website was blocked in Russia later that month.[9] [10] In July, the newspaper launched a magazine, Novaya Rasskaz-Gazeta,[11] with its website blocked shortly later.[12] In September 2022, Russian authorities revoked Russian media license.

    History

    1990s

    A group of former journalists from Komsomolskaya Pravda organised the newspaper in 1993. Its first name was (Daily New Gazette).[13] Mikhail Gorbachev used the money from his 1990 Nobel Peace Prize to help establish the and purchase its first computers.[14]

    2000s

    On 26 November 2001, published an article by Oleg Lurie stating that the management of the International Industrial Bank, headed by Sergey Pugachyov, had been involved in money laundering through the Bank of New York.[15] Pugachyov's bank brought a libel suit against the newspaper, citing financial losses, as a number of its customers had allegedly changed the terms of their accounts in a way which made the bank lose money because of the publication of the article. On 28 February 2002, the bank won the case in Moscow's Basmanny municipal court, and was awarded 15 million rubles (about $500,000) in lost revenue, an unprecedented sum for Russian newspapers that might undermine the very existence of, especially as on 22 February had been ordered by the same Basmanny court to pay about $1 million for a corruption allegation against the Krasnodar Krai's top judge. In April, the decision in the International Industrial Bank case was reconfirmed by a court. However, in a 27 May 2002 article, Yulia Latynina, a journalist, revealed that the bank's three customers who had been named in the lawsuit were its subsidiaries or otherwise controlled by its board of directors, and claimed that had requested that a criminal fraud investigation be opened into the activities of the bank.[16] As a result, in June 2002 the International Industrial Bank renounced its claim to the compensation.[17] [18]

    In 2004, the newspaper printed seven articles by columnist Georgy Rozhnov which accused Sergey Kiriyenko of embezzling US$4.8 billion of International Monetary Fund moneys in 1998 when he was Prime Minister of Russia. The newspaper based the accusations on a letter allegedly written to Colin Powell and signed by U.S. Congressmen Philip Crane, Mike Pence, Charlie Norwood, Dan Burton, and Henry Bonilla, and posted on the website of the American Defense Council. The newspaper claimed that Kiriyenko had used some of the embezzled funds to purchase real estate in the United States. It was later revealed that the letter was a prank concocted by The eXile, a Moscow-based tabloid.[19] In response, Kiriyenko sued and Rozhnov for libel, and in passing judgment in favour of Kiriyenko the court ordered to retract all publications relating to the accusations and went on to say that the newspaper "is obliged to publish only officially proven information linking Mr Kiriyenko with embezzlement."[20]

    On 13 April 2009, the newspaper was granted the first-ever print interview in a Russian publication with President Dmitri Medvedev, in which he discussed issues such as civil society and the social contract, transparency of public officials, and Internet development.[21]

    2010s; cyber attack and investigative reporting

    On 26 January 2010, the paper's website was subjected to a denial-of-service cyber attack, and effectively taken offline.[22] As of 1 February 2010, the site was still inaccessible. At the peak of the attack the server was receiving 1.5 million connections per second.[23] The newspaper maintained its online presence by publishing articles on its page on LiveJournal, a Russian-owned social networking service.[24] On 7 April 2011, the website was targeted again with the same botnet that appeared to be used in a large-scale attack on LiveJournal, which hosted many opposition blogs.[25] [26] [27] [28]

    On 25 July 2014, the paper opened with "Vergeef ons, Nederland" / "Прости, Голландия" ("Forgive us, Netherlands" in both Dutch and Russian), in response to the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 disaster.[29]

    In early 2016 the newspaper published an article alleging the existence of a so-called "Blue Whale" game, a social network phenomenon reportedly consisting of a series of initially innocuous tasks assigned to players by administrators, before elements of self-harm are introduced, culminating in a final challenge requiring the player to commit suicide. The publication of the article caused a moral panic to sweep Russia.[30]

    After published an investigation in October 2018 by journalist Denis Korotkov about Russian mercenary leader and oligarch Yevgeny Prigozhin, Korotkov and the editor-in-chief were the target of threatening deliveries of a severed ram's head and funeral flowers to the newspaper's offices.[31] The style of the threat resembled others by Kremlin-linked Prigozhin.[32]

    In 2017 published reports about anti-gay purges in Chechnya, where 3 men were allegedly killed, and dozens detained and intimidated. After publication, the Chechen government denied the existence of persecutions in the Republic.[33] The newspaper published a report by Elena Milashina and a list of 27 Chechens killed on 26 January 2017. The newspaper also addressed the report and the list to the Investigative Committee of Russia, and asked the committee to investigate the matter. While published the names of 27 killed Chechens in the list, the newspaper said that the real number might be even more, possibly 56.[34] The newspaper said that the allegedly killed Chechens were detained by the local security service, put in custody inside guarded territory owned by the Grozny traffic police regiment, and executed on 26 January both by gunfire and by asphyxiation by State Security forces without filing any legal accusations.[35] [36]

    2020s; Novaya Gazeta Europe

    In October 2021, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, alongside Maria Ressa, for their safeguarding of freedom of expression in their homelands.[8]

    Following the start of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov stated that the newspaper would publish an edition in both Russian and Ukrainian in solidarity.[37] On 4 March 2022, after receiving an official warning from Roskomnadzor, the Russian federal agency responsible for censoring Russian mass media, the newspaper said it would remove materials and cut reporting on the war.[38] It published materials from occupied Kherson and other Ukrainian cities.[39] On 28 March, after it received another warning from Roskomnadzor, the newspaper announced that it would suspend its online and print activities until the end of the "special military operation".[40]

    On 7 April 2022, as a result of the crackdown, journalists from announced the launch of Europe, with its editor-in-chief, Kirill Martynov, stating that Europe would be independent from "both legally and in practice", with its newsroom consisting of staffers who had left Russia.[41] The new outlet would publish articles in other languages aside from Russian, and Martynov stated that the journalists hoped to eventually resume their work in Moscow.[42] On 29 April 2022, Europe announced that its website had been blocked in Russia.[43] On 15 July, staff launched the magazine Novaya Rasskaz-Gazeta, with its first issue containing analysis of Putin's ideology; however by 24 July, the website was blocked in Russia.[12]

    On 6 May 2022, the first print issue of .Europe appeared on newsstands in Riga, Latvia, and online at novayagazeta.eu. The print version is published by Rīgas Viļņi in Riga, Latvia.[44]

    On 28 July 2022, Roskomnadzor demanded that media license be cancelled, claiming that "the editorial office was not providing its editorial statute within the timeframe established by the law on media".[45] On 5 September, the Basmanny District Court in Moscow cancelled the newspaper's license in Russia, which Muratov called "political".[46] That same month the Russian Supreme Court revoked online license, making it no longer available on the internet in Russia.[47]

    On 28 June 2023, the Prosecutor-General of Russia designated Novaya-Gazeta Europe as an undesirable organisation.[48]

    As of 2023, the newspaper had a daily print circulation of 108,000, and online visits of 613,000.[1] [2]

    Key people

    In a video posted by on YouTube in January 2017, editor-in-chief Dmitry Muratov revealed that the newspaper's employees jointly owned 76% of its shares, while the remaining 24% were owned by Alexander Lebedev (14%) and Mikhail Gorbachev (10%).[49]

    Since 2009, the newspaper's editor-in-chief has been elected every second year by the editorial staff in a secret ballot. A few days before the November 2017 election, Muratov announced that he would not stand, as he felt that there was need for a change after his 22 years in the position, but that he would continue to work for the newspaper. He was replaced by Sergey Kozheurov, the general director of the newspaper and its first editor-in-chief.[50] However, Muratov was re-elected again in November 2019.[51]

    Deaths and attacks on journalists

    See also: List of journalists killed in Russia. Igor Domnikov was well known in for his witty essays and acerbic tone. He was attacked near the doorway of his Moscow apartment, on 12 May 2000. Hit with a hard object, presumably a hammer, by an unknown assailant, he was lying unconscious in a pool of his own blood when he was found by a neighbor. Domnikov was delivered to a hospital with skull and brain injuries, and underwent surgery, but remained in a coma. He died from his injuries on 16 July 2000. Five gang members were arrested in August 2007 on suspicion of murder, and were sentenced to prison terms ranging from 18 years to life for his murder as well as other crimes.[52] On 11 March 2015, former Deputy Governor of Lipetsk Oblast Sergei Dorovskoi was charged by the Investigative Committee of Russia with inciting the murder, but Dorovskoi was never punished because of the statute of limitations.[53] [54] Investigations have found that Domnikov had written a series of reports about life in the Lipetsk region in 1999–2000, in which he criticized the local government for corruption, which was the motive for Dorovskoi to incite others to kill the journalist.[55]

    Viktor Popkov, a contributor for the newspaper, was shot to death in Chechnya in 2001.[56]

    Yury Shchekochikhin, a journalist and a deputy in the State Duma, had also worked for the newspaper as an investigative journalist and had been a deputy Editor-in-Chief until he died from a mysterious and severe allergy on 3 July 2003. Some of his contributions published in were related to the investigation of the Three Whales Corruption Scandal.[57]

    Journalist Anna Politkovskaya, who was highly critical of Putin and of Russia's actions in Chechnya, wrote for until her assassination when she was shot dead in her Moscow apartment on 7 October 2006, Putin's birthday.[58] Politkovskaya wrote in an essay that the editors received: "Visitors every day in our editorial office who have nowhere else to bring their troubles, because the Kremlin finds their stories off-message, so that the only place they can be aired is in our newspaper, ."[59] Vyacheslav Izmailov, a retired army major who was a military correspondent, was part of the team investigating her death, and in 2007 claimed to know who had ordered her death.[60] [61] Fifteen years after her murder, released a short film investigating her death, and documenting failures at every level of the subsequent investigation.[62] In November 2023, President Vladimir Putin pardoned a former law enforcement involved in the murder, for serving in a Russian penal military unit.[58] [63]

    Journalist and human rights lawyer Stanislav Markelov was shot and killed in Moscow on 19 January 2009 while leaving a press conference about his last minute appeal against the early release of Yuri Budanov, a former Russian military officer convicted for kidnapping and aggravated murder of a young Chechen woman.[64] Anastasia Baburova, a freelance journalist for and a member of Autonomous Action, was with Markelov at the time and was shot in the head and also killed.[65]

    Natalya Estemirova, a human rights researcher and lawyer who lived in the Chechen Republic, had sometimes met journalist Anna Politkovskaya and lawyer Stanislav Markelov, because they all were investigating crimes in Chechnya and defending victims rights. She also wrote reports in . Estemirova was kidnapped from a sidewalk on 22 July 2009 in the Chechnyan capital Grozny, and two hours later was killed and her bullet-riddled body was found in the neighboring Ingushetia Republic.[66] [67]

    In 2018 three journalists of, Kirill Radchenko, Alexander Rastorguyev, and Orkhan Dzhemal, were killed in an ambush outside the town of Sibut in the Central African Republic. They were engaged in investigations of the Russian mercenary engagement in the Central African Republic through the Wagner Group.[68]

    On 7 April 2022, Muratov was attacked by an unknown person and covered with red paint while on a train from Moscow to Samara, supposedly with the attack reflecting the attacker's support of Russian troops.[69] [70] [71] Muratov said the attacker had shouted "Muratov, here’s one for our boys".[71] He said his eyes were "burning terribly" after the attack, and posted a selfie showing the effects of the attack.[71] The substance was red paint containing acetone. A declassified United States intelligence report concluded the attackers were part of an unnamed Russian intelligence unit.[72]

    Inserts

    Svobodnoe Prostranstvo ("Free Space", Russian: link=no|Свободное Пространство), which had been a colour supplement to, is included in the Friday issue.[73] [74] has also published The New York Times International Weekly on Fridays since 2009. This eight-page supplement features a selection of articles from The New York Times translated into Russian.

    regularly contains free inserts of its side-projects or other newly launched newspapers. The United Civil Front (by the corresponding organisation) and Yabloko's newspaper were published in the form of inserts in the past. Current inserts include the Shofyor ("Driver" or "chauffeur", Russian: link=no|Шофёр) side project and the popular science Kentavr ("Centaur", Russian: link=no|Кентавр).

    Awards

    See also

    External links

    Notes and References

    1. Web site: Novaya Gazeta. eurotopics.net.
    2. Web site: Muratov and Novaya Gazeta: Russia's independent media stalwarts. 10 December 2021. France 24.
    3. Web site: How Dmitry Muratov Faced Off With Vladimir Putin in the Past. FRONTLINE.
    4. Web site: About . Novaya Gazeta Europe.
    5. News: Halpin, Tony. Journalists from Novaya Gazeta Are Assassination Targets. The Times. 23 January 2009. 27 November 2009.
    6. Web site: Roth . Andrew . 28 March 2022 . Russian news outlet Novaya Gazeta to close until end of Ukraine war . 28 March 2022 . . en.
    7. News: Dondo . Aurélia . 30 May 2018 . Ukraine: Dissident reported murdered turns up alive . PEN International . 11 September 2021.
    8. Web site: 8 October 2021. The Nobel Peace Prize 2021. The Nobel Prize. 8 October 2021.
    9. Web site: Shcherbakova . Irina . 2022-04-07 . Novaya Gazeta Launches European Edition in Bid to Dodge Kremlin Censorship . . en.
    10. Web site: РКН объяснил блокировку сайта "Новой газеты. Европа" фейками о спецоперации. 29 April 2022. Interfax.ru.
    11. https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2022/07/15/no-poekhali «НО». Поехали! Редакция «Новой газеты» запустила новый журнал и сайт
    12. Web site: New Novaya Gazeta Site Blocked in Russia. The Moscow Times. 24 July 2022.
    13. Web site: ru:Главным редактором "Новой газеты" вновь избрали Дмитрия Муратова . Dmitry Muratov was re-elected editor-in-chief of Novaya Gazeta . https://www.rbc.ru/technology_and_media/15/11/2019/5dce8fab9a7947c2d1c81745 . 15 November 2019 . Демченко . Наталья . Филипенок . Артем . https://web.archive.org/web/20191115151022/https://www.rbc.ru/technology_and_media/15/11/2019/5dce8fab9a7947c2d1c81745 . 15 November 2019 . live.
    14. News: Gorbachev Buys into Kremlin's Most Vocal Critic. MosNews. 7 June 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060615043049/http://www.mosnews.com/news/2006/06/07/gorbystake.shtml . dead . 15 June 2006 .
    15. News: Lourie, Oleg . http://2001.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2001/86n/n86n-s08.shtml . ru:Путин любит лыжи. Ну и при чем здесь Пугачев? . ru . 26 November 2001 . Novaya Gazeta . 27 November 2009 . 22 July 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110722034156/http://2001.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2001/86n/n86n-s08.shtml . dead .
    16. Web site: Latynina, Yulia . 27 May 2002 . ru:Можно ли сделать из стиральной машины автомат Калашникова? . http://2002.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2002/37n/n37n-s08.shtml . ru . Novaya Gazeta . 27 November 2009 . 6 June 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110606103710/http://2002.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2002/37n/n37n-s08.shtml . dead .
    17. News: Pribylovsky . Vladimir . 28 February 2003 . Noviye Izvestia Dead Who's Next? . Moscow Times . 11 September 2021.
    18. Book: Vladimir Pribylovsky . Vladimir Pribylovsky . Yuri Felshtinsky . Yuri Felshtinsky . ru:Операция «Наследник» . Operation "Successor" . http://www.felshtinsky.com/books/put/Put_7.doc . Suppression of the Media . ru:Подавление СМИ . DOC . 2004 . ru . 27 November 2009 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090327002617/http://www.felshtinsky.com/books/put/Put_7.doc . 27 March 2009 .
    19. News: Ames . Mark . Mark Ames . Double Punk'd! Meta-Prank Goes Mega-Bad . . 22 July 2004 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080226060411/http://www.exile.ru/articles/detail.php?ARTICLE_ID=7406&IBLOCK_ID=35&phrase_id=9479 . 26 February 2008.
    20. Web site: Melnikov, Mikhail. III. Lawsuits against Journalists. Center for Journalism in Extreme Situations. 11–17 October 2004. 31 January 2009.
    21. News: http://www.novayagazeta.ru/data/2009/039/01.html. ru:Декларация Медведева. Год 2009 . Interview with Dmitri Medvedev . Muratov . Dmitry . 15 April 2009 . Novaya Gazeta N39 . ru . 15 April 2009 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090416194412/http://www.novayagazeta.ru/data/2009/039/01.html . 16 April 2009 .
    22. News: Le site de la 'Novaïa Gazeta' bloqué par une attaque . The site of the "Novaya Gazeta" blocked by an attack . 1 February 2010. 2 February 2010.
    23. http://www.themoscowtimes.com/news/article/hacker-attack-freezes-novaya-gazetas-web-site/398649.html Hacker Attack Freezes Novaya Gazeta's Web Site
    24. http://novayagazeta.livejournal.com/tag/ddos-атака Blog posts related to the DDOS attack
    25. News: Gutterman . Steve . Medvedev criticizes illegal attack on his blog . Reuters . 13 October 2013.
    26. Web site: Popular Russian site hit by cyberattacks . 2011-08-04 . dw-world.de . 13 October 2013.
    27. Web site: http://www.rg.ru/2011/04/08/newgzt-site-anons.html . ru:Сайт "Новой газеты" обрушил ботнет, атаковавший "Живой Журнал" — Антон Благовещенский – Российская газета . The website of Novaya Gazeta was brought down by a botnet that attacked LiveJournal — Anton Blagoveshchensky . Rossiyskaya Gazeta . 21 June 2012 . 13 October 2013.
    28. Web site: http://www.gazeta.ru/news/blogs/2011/04/08/n_1784373.shtml . ru:"Новая газета" выложила часть нового номера в ЖЖ из-за кибератаки на сайт издания – Газета.Ru | Новости . "Novaya Gazeta" posted part of the new issue in LiveJournal because of a cyber attack on the publication's website . Gazeta.Ru . 17 June 2013 . 13 October 2013.
    29. Web site: Vergeef ons, Nederland . Forgive us, Netherlands . Novaya Gazeta. 25 July 2014 . 25 July 2014.
    30. News: FACT CHECK: 'Blue Whale' Game Responsible for Dozens of Suicides in Russia?. Snopes. 3 October 2018. en-US.
    31. Web site: Novaya Gazeta Report: 'Putin's Chef' Involved in Attacks, Killing . 22 October 2018 . Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty . 20 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191003075042/https://www.rferl.org/a/novaya-gazeta-reports-claims-of-putin-s-chef-involved-in-attacks-killing/29557806.html . 3 October 2019 . live .
    32. https://globalvoices.org/2018/10/18/six-red-carnations-and-one-severed-rams-head-deadly-threats-sent-to-russian-independent-newspaper/ "Six red carnations and one severed ram’s head: Deadly threats sent to Russian independent newspaper"
    33. Web site: Chechen police 'have rounded up more than 100 suspected gay men' . Walker . Shaun . 2 April 2017 . . 7 December 2019.
    34. Web site: Russia Paper: Chechnya Killed These 27 Men in Anti-Gay Purge. 11 July 2017. The Daily Beast.
    35. Web site: ru:Подвал имени Кадырова . Basement named after Kadyrov . https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2019/07/23/81341-kazarma-6 . 23 July 2019 . Милашина. Елена . Novaya Gazeta . 28 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191229132014/https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2019/07/23/81341-kazarma-6 . 29 December 2019 . live . ru .
    36. Web site: ru:Союз журналистов Чечни опубликовал обращение к "Новой газете" . The Union of Chechen Journalists has published an appeal to Novaya Gazeta . https://novayagazeta.ru/news/2017/07/11/133362-soyuz-zhurnalistov-chechni-opublikoval-otkrytoe-obraschenie-k-novoy-gazete . 11 July 2017 . Novaya Gazeta . ru . 7 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191207183329/https://novayagazeta.ru/news/2017/07/11/133362-soyuz-zhurnalistov-chechni-opublikoval-otkrytoe-obraschenie-k-novoy-gazete?utm_source=txt . 7 December 2019 . live.
    37. News: Tidman . Zoe . Russian newspaper to publish in Ukrainian following invasion . 24 February 2022 . The Independent . 24 February 2022.
    38. Web site: Russia's Novaya Gazeta cuts Ukraine war reporting under censorship. Reuters. 4 March 2022.
    39. News: Russian independent newspaper Novaya Gazeta suspends publication . 29 March 2022 . France24 . 28 March 2022.
    40. Web site: Russia's Novaya Gazeta newspaper pauses activities after official warning. Reuters. 28 March 2022.
    41. Web site: Novaya Gazeta Launches European Edition in Bid to Dodge Kremlin Censorship. The Moscow Times. 7 April 2022.
    42. Web site: Russian reporters open outlet in Europe after Moscow-based paper suspends publication. Reuters. 7 April 2022.
    43. Web site: 2022-04-29 . Novaya Gazeta. Europe says its website blocked in Russia . Interfax.
    44. Web site: 2022-05-06 . Exiled Novaya Gazeta Team Publishes In Latvia . 2023-05-02 . Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty . en.
    45. Web site: Agence France-Presse . 2022-07-29 . Russian news outlet Novaya Gazeta to be stripped of license under court order . 2022-07-30 . The Guardian . en.
    46. Web site: Russia Revokes Novaya Gazeta Newspaper Print License. The Moscow Times. 5 September 2022.
    47. Web site: 15 September 2022. Russia revokes independent media outlet Novaya Gazeta's online license. 16 September 2022. DW.
    48. Web site: 28 June 2023. Russia outlaws critical news outlet as ‘undesirable’ in continued crackdown on dissent. 29 June 2023. AP.
    49. Web site: ru:Кто владелец "Новой газеты", кто ее "крыша" и почему оппозиция неспособна объединиться? . Who is the owner of Novaya Gazeta, who is its "roof" and why is the opposition unable to unite? . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBevhmWwG6I . 28 January 2017 . YouTube . Novaya Gazeta . 18 November 2019.
    50. Web site: ru:"Новая газета" выбрала нового главного редактора на смену Муратову . Novaya Gazeta has chosen a new editor-in-chief to replace Muratov . https://www.rbc.ru/technology_and_media/17/11/2017/5a0ebe7b9a794716ec3e17ed. Мария Истомина . RBC . 17 November 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181001234517/https://www.rbc.ru/technology_and_media/17/11/2017/5a0ebe7b9a794716ec3e17ed . 1 October 2018 . live . ru .
    51. Web site: Dmitry Muratov: the Nobel winner shining light on Russia journalist murders. 8 October 2021 . The Guardian . 28 April 2022.
    52. Web site: Igor Domnikov . Committee to Protect Journalists. 20 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190616144122/https://cpj.org/data/people/igor-domnikov/ . 16 June 2019 . live.
    53. Web site: In Russia, last key suspect charged in 2000 murder of Igor Domnikov . Committee to Protect Journalists . 11 March 2015 . 20 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190421121924/https://cpj.org/2015/03/in-russia-last-key-suspect-charged-igor-domnikov.php . 21 April 2019 . live .
    54. Web site: ru:Заказчик нападения на журналиста "Новой газеты" Игоря Домникова умер от сердечного приступа . The customer (client, charterer) behind the attack on Novaya Gazeta journalist Igor Domnikov died of a heart attack . https://www.novayagazeta.ru/news/2018/10/08/145741-v-lipetskoy-oblasti-umer-zakazchik-ubiystva-zhurnalista-novoy-gazety-igorya-domnikova . 8 October 2018 . Novaya Gazeta . 20 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181009115549/https://www.novayagazeta.ru/news/2018/10/08/145741-v-lipetskoy-oblasti-umer-zakazchik-ubiystva-zhurnalista-novoy-gazety-igorya-domnikova . 9 October 2018 . live . ru.
    55. Web site: Anatomy of Injustice Chapter 10. A (Limited) Success: Landmark Convictions Won . Committee to Protect Journalists . 20 November 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190417153948/https://cpj.org/reports/2009/09/anatomy-injustice-10-a-limited-success-landmark-convictions-won.php . 17 April 2019 . live .
    56. News: 21 April 2001 . Rights worker shot in Chechnya . CNN . 12 September 2021.
    57. Web site: Yuri Shchekochikhin.
    58. Web site: Why Anna Politkovskaya Was a Pillar of Press Freedom. Cassandra. Vinograd. 14 November 2023. NYTimes.com.
    59. News: Politkovskaya, Anna. trans. Tait, Arch. 15 October 2006. Her Own Death, Foretold. The Washington Post. 27 November 2009.
    60. Vyacheslav Izmailov: we know who ordered Anna Politkovskaya's murder . The Jamestown Foundation. North Caucasus Weekly. 8. 22. 31 May 2007 . 4 September 2022.
    61. Can Russia's Press Ever Be Free? . . 12 November 2021 . 4 September 2022.
    62. Web site: Russia, Explained Extra Tribute to Novaya's Killed Reporters.
    63. News: Nechepurenko . Ivan . 14 November 2023 . Man Convicted in Russian Journalist’s Murder Is Pardoned After Serving in Ukraine . live . https://archive.today/20231114165133/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/14/world/europe/russia-pardon-anna-politkovskaya-ukraine.html . 14 November 2023 . 23 February 2024 . The New York Times.
    64. http://www.iht.com/articles/2009/01/19/europe/20chechnya.php "Chechen Rights Lawyer and Journalist Shot in Moscow"
    65. Web site: Five Years On, Mother Of Slain Russian Journalist Says 'She Is Always With Us'. Claire. Bigg. 23 February 2017. www.rferl.org.
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