Newspaper of record explained

A newspaper of record is a major national newspaper with large circulation whose editorial and news-gathering functions are considered authoritative and independent; they are thus "newspapers of record by reputation" and include some of the oldest and most widely respected newspapers in the world. The number and trend of "newspapers of record by reputation" is related to the state of press freedom and political freedom in a country.

It may also be a newspaper authorized to publish public or legal notices, thus serving as a newspaper of public record. A newspaper whose editorial content is directed by the state can be referred to as an official newspaper of record, but the lack of editorial independence means that it is not a "newspaper of record by reputation". Newspapers of record by reputation that focus on business can also be called newspapers of financial record.[1]

Newspapers of public record

A "newspaper of public record", or government gazette, refers to a publicly available newspaper that is authorized by a government to publish public or legal notices.[2] It is often established by statute or official action and publication of notices within it, whether by the government or a private party, is considered sufficient to comply with legal requirements for public notice.[3] Such gazettes may have minimal or no editorial content (opinion articles), and are focused on public notification of state services and state decisions; an example is Latvia's Latvijas Vēstnesis.[4]

In some jurisdictions, privately owned newspapers may register with the government to publish public and legal notices, or be otherwise eligible to publish such notices (terms used may include "newspaper of general circulation" among others).[5] [6] [7] Likewise, a private newspaper may be designated by the courts for publication of legal notices, such as notices of fictitious business names, if judicial and statutory standards are met.[8] [9] These are sometimes called "legally adjudicated newspapers".[10]

Government organs

The term "newspapers of public record" can also denote those owned and operated by a government that directs their entire editorial content. Such newspapers, while pejoratively termed "state mouthpieces", can also be called "official newspapers of record", independently of whether they publish legal notices - distinguishing them from a gazette whose primary role is to publish notices, as their entire content represents the official view and doctrine of the state. This kind of official newspaper is distinct from newspapers of record by reputation, and is liable to fail the reputation criterion due to its governmental control. The word "official" can be used to distinguish them from "newspapers of record by reputation". Examples include Russia's Rossiyskaya Gazeta,[11] North Korea's Rodong Sinmun,[12] and China's People's Daily.[13]

Newspapers of record by reputation

The second type of "newspaper of record" (also "journal of record", or in French French: presse de référence) is not defined by formal criteria, and its characteristics vary. The category comprises newspapers that are considered to meet high standards of journalism, including editorial independence (particularly from the government and from its owners), accountability (mistakes are acknowledged), attention to detail and accuracy, and comprehensiveness and balance of coverage; they are regarded internationally (as well as in their own country/region) by major global outlets.[14] [15]

Despite changes in society, newspapers of record by reputation have historically tended to maintain a similar tone, coverage, style, and traditions; many are over a century old and some over two centuries old (e.g., Neue Zürcher Zeitung, The Times, The Guardian, French: [[Le Figaro]], and The Sydney Morning Herald).[14] Newspapers of record by reputation can be respected for the accuracy and quality of their reporting and still be either ideologically conservative (e.g., The Wall Street Journal and The Telegraph) or ideologically liberal (e.g., The Washington Post and The Guardian).

Although many countries are proud of their newspapers of record by reputation, in some countries they face an openly hostile state or political system that tries to suppress their press freedoms. Examples are Turkey's Cumhuriyet, where many of the staff have been imprisoned; Panama's La Prensa, where staff have been shot and the owners forced into exile; and Venezuela's El Nacional, which was forced out of print when the state seized its assets (see examples of fallen newspapers of record).

Etymology

The term is believed to have originated among librarians who began referring to The New York Times as the "newspaper of record" when it became the first U.S. newspaper in 1913 to publish an index of the subjects it covered.[16] In recognition of that usage, The New York Times held an essay contest in 1927 in which entrants had to demonstrate "The Value of The New York Times Index and Files as a Newspaper of Record". The New York Times, and other newspapers of its type sought to chronicle events, acting as a record of the day's announcements, schedules, directories, proceedings, transcripts, and appointments. By 2004, The New York Times no longer considered itself a newspaper of record in the original, literal sense.[17]

Over time, historians relied on The New York Times and similar titles as a reliable archival and historical record of significant past events, and a gauge of societal opinions at the time of printing. The term "newspaper of record" evolved from its original literal sense to that newer meaning.[16]

The derived term "financial (or business) newspaper of record" is attributed to the Wall Street Journal,[18] [19] the Financial Times,[20] and to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei). While newspapers of record by reputation are typically major widely-read national (and international) publications, subject-specific newspapers of record also exist (see examples of subject-specific newspapers of record).

Examples of existing newspapers

CountryRegionclass=unsortableLogoNameCity of publicationFoundedLanguage
ArgentinaSouth AmericaLa NaciónBuenos Aires1870Spanish[21] [22]
AustraliaOceaniaThe AgeMelbourne1854English
The Sydney Morning HeraldSydney1831[23]
AustriaWest EuropeDie PresseVienna1848German[24]
Der Standard1988[25]
BahamasNorth AmericaThe Nassau GuardianNassau1844English[26]
BangladeshSouth AsiaThe Daily StarDhaka1991English[27] [28]
BelgiumWest EuropeLe SoirBrussels1887French[29]
De StandaardGroot-Bijgaarden1918Dutch[30]
BoliviaSouth AmericaEl DiarioLa Paz1904Spanish[31]
BrazilSouth AmericaO Estado de S. PauloSão Paulo1875Portuguese[32] [33]
Folha de S.Paulo1921[34]
O GloboRio de Janeiro1925
CanadaNorth AmericaLe DevoirMontreal1910French[35]
The Globe and MailToronto1844English[36] [37] [38] [39]
ChileSouth AmericaEl MercurioSantiago1900Spanish[40]
ColombiaSouth AmericaEl EspectadorBogotá1887[41] Spanish[42] [43] [44]
El TiempoBogotá1911Spanish[45] [46]
Czech RepublicEast EuropeLidové novinyPrague1893Czech[47]
DenmarkNorth EuropeBerlingskeCopenhagen1749Danish[48] [49]
EgyptNorth AfricaAl-AhramCairo1875Arabic[50] [51] [52]
Al-Masry Al-Youm2004[53]
FinlandNorth EuropeHelsingin SanomatHelsinki1889Finnish[54]
FranceWest EuropeFrench: [[Le Figaro]]Paris1826French[55] [56]
Libération1973[57]
Le Monde1944[58] [59]
GermanyWest EuropeFrankfurter Allgemeine ZeitungFrankfurt1949German[60]
Der SpiegelHamburg1947[61] [62] [63] [64]
Süddeutsche ZeitungMunich1945[65]
Die WeltBerlin1946[66]
Die ZeitHamburg1946
GreeceSouth EuropeKathimeriniAthens1919Greek[67] [68]
GuatemalaNorth AmericaPrensa LibreGuatemala City1951Spanish[69]
Hong KongEast AsiaSouth China Morning PostHong Kong1903English[70] [71]
IcelandNorth EuropeMorgunblaðiðReykjavík1913Icelandic[72] [73]
IndiaSouth AsiaThe HinduChennai1878English[74] [75]
The Times of IndiaMumbai1838[76]
IndonesiaSoutheast AsiaKompasJakarta1965Indonesian[77] [78]
IranWest AsiaEttela'atTehran1926Persian[79] [80]
IrelandNorth EuropeThe Irish TimesDublin1859English[81] [82]
IsraelWest AsiaHaaretzTel Aviv1919Hebrew and English[83] [84] [85] [86]
ItalySouth EuropeIl Sole 24 OreMilan1965Italian[87]
Corriere della SeraMilan1876[88] [89] [90]
La StampaTurin1867[91]
la RepubblicaRome1976
JamaicaNorth AmericaThe GleanerKingston1834English[92] [93]
JapanEast AsiaThe Asahi ShimbunOsaka1879Japanese and English[94] [95] [96]
Nihon Keizai Shimbun (Nikkei)Tokyo1876[97]
Yomiuri Shimbun1874[98]
KenyaEast AfricaDaily NationNairobi1960English[99] [100] [101]
LebanonWest AsiaAn-NaharBeirut1933Arabic[102]
MalaysiaSoutheast AsiaNew Straits TimesKuala Lumpur1965English[103] [104]
MexicoNorth AmericaExcélsiorMexico City1917Spanish[105]
Reforma1993
NetherlandsWest EuropeNRCAmsterdam1970Dutch[106]
New ZealandOceaniaThe New Zealand HeraldAuckland1863English[107]
NorwayNorth EuropeAftenpostenOslo1860Norwegian
(Riksmål)		[108]
PakistanSouth AsiaDawnKarachi1941English[109] [110] [111]
PakistanSouth AsiaJangKarachi1939Urdu[112] [113]
PanamaNorth AmericaLa PrensaPanama City1980Spanish[114] [115] [116]
ParaguaySouth AmericaABC ColorAsunción1967Spanish[117]
PeruSouth AmericaLima1839Spanish[118]
PhilippinesSoutheast AsiaPhilippine Daily InquirerMakati1985English[119] [120]
PolandEast EuropeGazeta WyborczaWarsaw1989Polish[121]
Rzeczpospolita1920[122] [123]
PortugalSouth EuropeDiário de NotíciasLisbon1864Portuguese[124] [125]
PúblicoLisbon1990[126] [127] [128]
SerbiaSouth EuropePolitikaBelgrade1904Serbian[129] [130]
DanasBelgrade1997[131]
SingaporeSoutheast AsiaThe Straits TimesSingapore1845English[132] [133]
South AfricaSouth AfricaMail & GuardianJohannesburg1985English[134] [135]
South KoreaEast AsiaThe Chosun IlboSeoul1920Korean[136]
The Dong-A Ilbo1920
JoongAng Ilbo1965
SpainSouth EuropeABCMadrid1903Spanish[137] [138] [139]
El Mundo1989[140]
El País1976[141] [142]
SwedenNorth EuropeDagens NyheterStockholm1864Swedish[143] [144]
SwitzerlandWest EuropeNeue Zürcher ZeitungZürich1780German[145] [146]
Le TempsGeneva1998French[147]
ThailandSoutheast AsiaBangkok PostBangkok1946English[148] [149] [150] [151]
Trinidad and TobagoNorth AmericaTrinidad and Tobago GuardianPort of Spain1917English[152] [153]
TurkeyWest AsiaCumhuriyetIstanbul1924Turkish[154]
United KingdomNorth EuropeThe Daily TelegraphLondon1855English[155]
The Financial Times1888[156]
The Guardian1821[157]
The Times1785
United StatesNorth AmericaLos Angeles TimesLos Angeles1881English
The New York TimesNew York City1851[158] [159]
The Wall Street Journal1889
The Washington PostWashington, D.C.1877[160]
Vatican CitySouth EuropeL'Osservatore RomanoRome1861Italian, English, French, Spanish, German, Polish, and Portuguese[161] [162]

Examples of fallen newspapers

Over time, some established newspapers of record by reputation have lost their status due to financial collapse, take-over or merger by another entity that did not have the same standards or allowed increased government control and suppression of the paper's editorial independence. The existence of newspapers of record by reputation is an aspect of the level of press freedom and political freedom in a country, with major first-world democracies having several such newspapers (e.g. United States, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Canada, Italy and Japan); in contrast, countries that have seen a decline in their newspapers of record by reputation can represent a decline in levels of personal and political freedom (e.g. Zimbabwe, Venezuela, and Cambodia).[163]

Examples include:

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Martin . Shannon E. . Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link . Hansen . Kathleen A. . Praeger Publishers . 1998 . 0-275-95960-0 . Westport, CT . 1 . registration.
  2. Book: Martin . Shannon E. . Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link . Hansen . Kathleen A. . Praeger Publishers . 1998 . 0-275-95960-0 . Westport, CT . 5 . registration.
  3. Book: Black's Law Dictionary, 6th edn. . West Publishing . 1990 . 90-6544-631-1 . registration.
  4. Book: House, Freedom. Nations in Transit 2004: Democratization in East Central Europe and Eurasia. 13 September 2004. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 9781461731412. 342. en.
  5. See, for example, L.N. 362 of 1997 of The Government of The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Gazette
  6. For example, see Texas Local Government Code - Section 52.004. Official Newspaper
  7. Web site: 1.12 Official Newspaper - City of McCleary. cityofmccleary.com. 20 July 2022. 27 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211227132244/https://cityofmccleary.com/index.asp?SEC=%7B821D9B2C-D6B1-4D12-AB18-1A88DE86A30D%7D&Type=B_LIST. dead.
  8. See, e.g., Web site: California Government Code, Sec. 6000 - 6008 . California Legislative Information . California State Legislature . 12 March 2020.
  9. Web site: New York Consolidated Laws, General Construction Law - GCN § 60. Findlaw.
  10. Web site: Fictitious Names: Adjudicated Newspapers. County Clerk. County of Sonoma. 4 October 2012. 29 October 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20121029074233/http://sonoma-county.org/Clerk/HTML_Documents/FictitiousNames/Newspapers.htm. dead.
  11. Book: Zadorozhnii, Oleksandr . International Law in the Relations of Ukraine and the Russian Federation . July 2017 . K.I.S . 978-6176841463 . 144 . Oleksandr Zadorozhnii.
  12. Em . Pavel P. . Ward . Peter . January 2021 . City profile: Is Pyongyang a post-socialist city? . . 108 . 102950 . 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102950 . ... a line that appeared in Rodong Sinmun (Rodong Sinmun, 1999, 29) the official newspaper of record in North Korea. . 225116450.
  13. Web site: . 10 May 2022 . Ryan . Manuel . 14 December 2017 . China is furious and Australia should expect more backlash after questioning its influence . Most significantly, the People's Daily, China's official newspaper of record, had a special signed editorial attacking Australia's government and media..
  14. Salles. Chloë. Media Coverage of the Internet: An Acculturation Strategy for Press of Record?. Innovation Journalism. January 2010. 7. 1. 5. 13 June 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20160303192414/http://www.innovationjournalism.org/archive/INJO-7-1.pdf. 3 March 2016. dead.
  15. Book: Martin . Shannon . Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link . Hansen . Kathleen A. . Praeger Publishers . 1998 . 0275959600 . Westport, CT . 6, 27, 31.
  16. Book: Martin . Shannon E. . Newspapers of Record in a Digital Age: From Hot Type to Hot Link . Hansen . Kathleen A. . Praeger Publishers . 1998 . 0-275-95960-0 . Westport, CT . 7 . registration.
  17. News: Okrent. Daniel . 25 April 2004 . Paper of Record? No Way, No Reason, No Thanks . The Public Editor . . 18 April 2013.
  18. Web site: . Newspapers . 7 May 2022 . The Wall Street Journal is the financial newspaper of record . 28 November 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221128163003/https://guides.library.georgetown.edu/c.php?g=76038&p=488969 . dead .
  19. Book: Roush, Chris . Profits and Losses: Business Journalism and Its Role in Society . 2006 . Marion Street Press . 978-1933338057 . Chris Roush . registration.
  20. Book: Brooks, Richard . The Great Tax Robbery: How Britain Became a Tax Haven for Fat Cats and Big Business . 2014 . . 978-1780743714 . Richard Brooks (journalist).
  21. Vigón . Mercedes . . Journalism ethics is 'personal and non-transferable' . 12 July 2013 . 10 April 2019 . In spite of the readership crisis in the United States, The New York Times is a newspaper of record in many countries, as is Le Monde in France or La Nación in Argentina..
  22. Book: Beezley, William H. . Latin America 2020-2022 . September 2021 . . 978-1475856439 . 54th . 154 . The country's newspaper of record is La Nación..
  23. News: What We're Reading. 6 May 2014. The New York Times. 14 October 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20150218205653/http://dinersjournal.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/14/what-were-reading-290/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=0. live. 18 February 2015.
  24. Baber . Katherine . 18 May 2022 . "American First Aid": Jerome Robbins and Leonard Bernstein at the Salzburg Festival, 1959 . Journal of Austrian-American History . 6 . 1 . 76 . 10.5325/jaustamerhist.6.1.0074 . free . 2475-0913 . 25 October 2023.
  25. Book: Markovits . Andrei S. . Andrei Markovits . Reich . Simon . Simon Reich . 18 October 2018 . 1997 . Austria: Germany's Junior Partner . https://books.google.com/books?id=DSZzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA101 . The German Predicament: Memory and Power in the New Europe . Ithaca, NY . Cornell University Press . 102 . 10.7591/9781501732898 . 978-1-5017-3289-8 . 96042943 . 25 October 2023.
  26. Book: Beezley . William H. . Latin America 2020-2022 . September 2021 . . 978-1475856439 . 54th . 433 . The Nassau Guardian, founded in 1844, is the country's newspaper of record and one of the oldest continuously published newspapers in the Western Hemisphere..
  27. Book: Roy, Anupam Debashis . Not All Springs End Winter . January 2020 . Adarsha . 144 . B097ZL8NFW . Reports on the demands of the students that were published on the Daily Star, often considered Bangladesh's newspaper of record, .....
  28. Book: Sklair, Leslie . The Anthropocene in Global Media: Neutralizing the Risk . November 2020 . . 978-1000263763 . 126 . Bangladesh: The first and most articles (19) appear in The Daily Star, often considered the newspaper of record..
  29. Book: Toussaint, Éric . A Glance in the Rearview Mirror: Neoliberal Ideology from its Origins to its Present . July 2012 . . 9781608462841 . ... Bruno Colmant, head of the Brussels stock exchange and professor of economics, published an oped in Le Soir, the Frenchlanguage daily newspaper of record, stating that ... . Éric Toussaint.
  30. Book: Art, David . Inside the Radical Right: The Development of Anti-Immigrant Parties in Western Europe . May 2011 . . 978-0521720328 . 112 . For example, the Flemish newspaper of record, De Standaard, published an ... . registration.
  31. Book: Field, Thomas C., Jr. . 2014 . Preface . From Development to Dictatorship: Bolivia and the Alliance for Progress in the Kennedy Era . The United States in the World . Ithaca, NY . Cornell University Press . 10.7591/cornell/9780801452604.001.0001 . 978-0-8014-5260-4 . 2013038571 . Bolivia's newspaper of record, El Diario . xii.
  32. Robinson . Laura . July 2022 . Institutional trauma across the Americas: Covid-19 as slow crisis . International Journal of Cultural Studies . London . Sage Publishing . 25 . 3–4 . 462–478 . 10.1177/13678779211070019 . free . 1367-8779 . 42449276 . 9127627 . 37519845 . the leading national right-of-center newspaper of record, Estadão . 467.
  33. News: Fabricio. Roberto. Brazilian Officers Issue Manifesto. 10 October 2013. Sun-Sentinel. 16 April 1992. The statement, published on Tuesday by O Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil's newspaper of record, was datelined in Fortaleza, a mid-sized city in northeastern Brazil.. 18 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150218223740/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1992-04-16/news/9202030325_1_brazilian-officers-military-family-president-fernando-collor. dead.
  34. Book: Carter . Cynthia . The Routledge Companion to Media & Gender . Steiner . Linda . McLaughlin . Lisa . December 2013 . . 978-0415527699 . 435 . The daily Folha de São Paulo is Brazil's newspaper of record . Cynthia Carter . Linda Steiner . registration.
  35. Charron . Jean . Bastien . Frédérick . 2012-01-27 . Les parlementaires québécois et Le Devoir dans le monde des médias . Communication . fr . 29 . 2 . 10.4000/communication.2784 . 1189-3788. free .
  36. Encyclopedia: The Globe and Mail . Encyclopædia Britannica. 5 February 2024 .
  37. Buchanan . Carrie . March 2009 . Gasher . Mike . Sense of Place in the Daily Newspaper . Aether: The Journal of Media Geography . 4 . 62–84 [70] . [T]he Toronto-based Globe and Mail has had the kind of success in Canada that the New York Times had enjoyed in the U.S., as the leading 'newspaper of record' with a national readership..
  38. Jiwani . Yasmin . Yasmin Jiwani . 2009 . Helpless Maidens and Chivalrous Knights: Afghan Women in the Canadian Press . . 2 . 78 . 2 . 728–744 . 10.3138/utq.78.2.728 . 153558457 . This essay interrogates representations of Afghan women in the Globe and Mail, Canada's major English-language daily and newspaper of record..
  39. Book: Networked Disease: Emerging Infections in the Global City. 2011. John Wiley & Sons. 978-1444399110. Roger . Keil . S. Harris Ali . 14 October 2012.
  40. Book: Raicheva-Stover . Maria . Women in Politics and Media: Perspectives from Nations in Transition . Ibroscheva . Elza . 2014 . . 978-1501318986 . 137 . Germany's FAZ [Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung] and Chile's El Mercurio are each nation's newspaper of record. . registration.
  41. Web site: Así nació El Espectador .
  42. Web site: 134 years of defending freedom of expression . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240725043859/https://corporate.dw.com/en/134-years-of-defending-freedom-of-expression/a-57847120 . 2024-07-25 .
  43. Web site: Journalists in the Front Lines Of Colombia's Cocaine War . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20240513154645/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/14/world/journalists-in-the-front-lines-of-colombia-s-cocaine-war.html . 2024-05-13.
  44. Web site: Mort de Gabriel Garcia Marquez, légende de la littérature .
  45. News: Rathbone . John Paul . 3 June 2013 . The history and politics of Colombian media . 6 May 2022 . . Luis Carlos Sarmiento, who has a $14bn fortune, according to Forbes, in 2012 bought El Tiempo, Colombia’s largest-circulation daily and the newspaper of record..
  46. News: 9 March 2001 . Terror of the Black Hand (Part 1) . 6 May 2022 . . On January 19th in Bogota, the city section of El Tiempo, Colombia's newspaper of record, ran a report which sent shivers through most urban readers..
  47. Book: Bermel, Neil . Linguistic Authority, Language Ideology, and Metaphor: The Czech Orthography Wars . 2007 . . 978-3-11-019766-2 . Language, Power and Social Process . 17 . Berlin . 175 . 10.1515/9783110197662 . en . 290492567 . Lidové noviny is traditionally held to be the Czech Republic's paper of record..
  48. Encyclopedia: Berlingske. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2 October 2022. "... generally regarded as Denmark’s leading paper.".
  49. Web site: . What Noma did next: how the 'New Nordic' is reshaping the food world . Kieran . Morris . 20 February 2020 . 2 October 2022 . At the time, Camilla Plum, a Danish food writer and TV personality, was quoted in Denmark’s newspaper of record, Berlingske, lambasting the manifesto’s toothlessness..
  50. Book: Fleet . Kate . Middle Eastern and North African Societies in the Interwar Period . Boyar . Ebru . July 2018 . . 978-9004367142 . 152 . Their relations were destined to end abruptly shortly thereafter, but as long as they lasted the report on their marriage along with their photos were featured on the front page of al-Ahram, Egypt's newspaper of record..
  51. Perreault. Gregory. Islam is Everywhere": Coverage of Islam in the English Egyptian Press. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 2011. 14. 10 October 2013. This is significant because the state-run Al Ahram is considered the paper of record in Egypt.
  52. Book: Bein, Amit . Kemalist Turkey and the Middle East: International Relations in the Interwar Period . December 2017 . . 978-1107198005 . 173 . ... with long excerpts of it published in columns on the front page of al-Ahram, Egypt's newspaper of record..
  53. Book: Cook, Steven A. . Steven A. Cook . 2012 . A Tale of Two Egypts . The Struggle for Egypt: From Nasser to Tahrir Square . New York . Oxford University Press . 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199795260.001.0001 . 978-0-19-979526-0 . 2011016635 . al Masry al Youm quickly became Egypt's newspaper of record . 196.
  54. Book: Muir . Simo . Finland's Holocaust: Silences of History . Worther . Hana . 2013 . Springer . 978-1137302649 . 20 . [T]hey appeared in the monthly magazine of Finland's paper of record, the Helsingin Sanomat..
  55. Book: Ballarini, Loïc . Ballarini . Loïc . 2020 . The Local Press as a Medium to Create Diversion . The Independence of the News Media: Francophone Research on Media, Economics and Politics . Global Transformations in Media and Communication Research . Cham . Palgrave Macmillan . 10.1007/978-3-030-34054-4 . 2634-5986 . 978-3-030-34054-4 . 2634-5978 . The French newspapers of record that are reputed around the world for their supposed authority on France and French matters are national papers published in Paris: Le Monde (centre left) and Le Figaro (conservative right), as well as Libération (centre left), which has seen a significant decline in its readership numbers, and Mediapart (left, investigative journalism), which is the only pure play company considered to be a newspaper of record. . 133.
  56. "Le Monde, whose print edition comes out around lunchtime, was launched at the end of Nazi occupation of France in 1944 and took on the role of France's newspaper of record alongside the more conservative Le Figaro." - France's Le Monde newspaper editor quits after power struggle with staff, Reuters, 14 May 2014
  57. Web site: Bryant . Elizabeth . 2006-10-27 . A capital crisis may bring down leftist French paper / Liberation, founded in 1968, has seen circulation plummet . 2023-06-22 . . en-US.
  58. News: World of Le Monde looks set to expand. Thomas. Fuller. 25 August 2003. International Herald Tribune.
  59. News: France profile . 12 January 2014 . 24 January 2014 . BBC News. Le Monde - respected national daily, considered to be France's newspaper of record .
  60. News: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung German newspaper. Encyclopedia Britannica. 25 March 2018. en.
  61. Salle . Grégory . 20 September 2013 . La question carcérale en République fédérale d'Allemagne au reflet du Spiegel (1947-1979) . The prison question in the Federal Republic of Germany as reflected in Spiegel (1947–1979) . Miscellanies . Criminocorpus . fr . 10.4000/criminocorpus.2483 . free . 2108-6907 . 21 April 2024.
  62. Web site: Deutsch-Französische Materialien: Die Leitmedien. 22 October 2020. www.deuframat.de.
  63. Web site: Pohlmann. Sonja. 17 November 2007. Ein Leitmedium braucht eine Leitfigur. 22 October 2020. www.tagesspiegel.de. de.
  64. Web site: Abramsohn. Jennifer. 11 April 2003. Der Spiegel Mirrors Itself in English. 22 October 2020. DW. en-GB.
  65. News: Gloves off in German Media Scramble . . 13 March 2011 . 23 July 2015.
  66. Book: Johnson . Wendell G. . Barbe . Katharina . 2022 . Media and Popular Culture . Modern Germany . Understanding Modern Nations . Santa Barbara, CA . ABC-CLIO . 978-1-4408-6454-4 . 2021042057 . Die Welt, published in Berlin, is often considered the German newspaper of record..
  67. Book: Clogg, Richard . Greek to Me: A Memoir of Academic Life . February 2018 . . 978-1784539887 . 75 . She had been the courageous publisher of the conservative Kathimerini, the nearest thing that Greece had to a newspaper of record. . Richard Clogg.
  68. . 30 June 2011 . Greece's agony: What have we become? . Alexis Papahelas, editor of Kathimerini, Greece's newspaper of record, has coined the term “coalition of the unwilling” to describe the array of ultra-leftist and ultra-traditionalist forces bent on blocking reform.. 9 May 2022.
  69. Book: Rockwell . Rick J. . Janus . Noreene . 2003 . Guatemala's Struggle with Manipulation . Media Power in Central America . The History of Media and Communication . Champaign . University of Illinois Press . 0-252-02802-3 . 2002010964 . Prensa Libre, the traditional newspaper of record, represents business interests—increasingly, liberal business interests that might oppose the central government. . 102.
  70. Book: Pepper, Suzanne . Keeping Democracy at Bay: Hong Kong and the Challenge of Chinese Political Reform . June 2007 . . 978-0742508774 . 251 . The South China Morning Post remained staunchly pro—government and surpassed expectations by becoming the newspaper of record ... . Suzanne Pepper.
  71. Book: Lanchester, John. Family Romance: A Love Story. registration. 2008. Penguin. 140. 9780143112952. The clippings are from the South China Morning Post, the paper of record in Hong Kong.
  72. News: 2015-03-02 . Iceland: Paper published back to front in nod to history . en-GB . BBC News . 2023-09-01.
  73. Book: Bjarnason, Egill . How Iceland Changed the World: The Big History of a Small Island . 38 . 201 . 978-0-14-313588-3 . The interview appeared in Morgunblaðið, Iceland's newspaper of record .... Penguin.
  74. Book: The Political Economy of Hunger: Volume 1: Entitlement and Well-being. Drèze. Jean. Sen. Amartya. 21 February 1991. Clarendon Press. 9780191544460.
  75. Book: The Sun Never Sets: South Asian Migrants in an Age of U.S. Power. Bald. Vivek. Chatterji. Miabi. Reddy. Sujani. Vimalassery. Manu. 22 July 2013. NYU Press. 978-0814786437.
  76. Book: Greg Barton. Paul Weller. Ihsan Yilmaz. The Muslim World and Politics in Transition: Creative Contributions of the Gülen Movement. 9 March 2020. 18 December 2014. A&C Black. 978-1-4411-5873-4. 28–.
  77. Book: The Politics of Post-Suharto Indonesia. 9780876092477. 31 May 2015. Schwarz. Adam. Paris. Jonathan. 1999 . 25 . . .. Kompass, the Indonesian national newspaper of record..
  78. Web site: . Indonesia: Media Landscape . 8 December 2021 . They include the daily Kompas, the newspaper of record, with a circulation of more than half a million, and the weekly Tempo, which has built a solid reputation for investigative journalism.. 9 May 2022.
  79. Web site: Iran Media Guide. FRONTLINE - Tehran Bureau. 31 May 2015.
  80. Book: Journalism in Iran: From Mission to Profession . 978-0415583169 . 8 May 2022 . Shahidi. Hossein. May 2010 . 44 . In the years to come, of the three main pre-Revolution dailies, Ettela'at continued its traditional position as a 'newspaper of record'. . .
  81. Mercille . Julien . Julien Mercille . March 2014 . The role of the media in fiscal consolidation programmes: the case of Ireland . Cambridge Journal of Economics . Oxford University Press . 28 . 2 . 289 . 10.1093/cje/bet068 . 0309166X . 24694930 . The Irish Times is often referred to as 'Ireland's newspaper of record'.
  82. News: The Irish Times, book review . . 26 May 2014 . Dwan . David . Today, the Irish Times is one of Ireland's most authoritative journals – the newspaper of record for political and intellectual elites from Mayo to Monkstown. . April 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140527230042/http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/reviews.php?intProductID=828 . 27 May 2014 . dead .
  83. Web site: Israel — Hebrew- and English-Language Media Guide . . 16 September 2008 . 12 . Ha'aretz, the left-of-center daily of record, ... . 16 May 2022.
  84. News: Pushing right-wing American politics — in Israel . 21 August 2008 . 24 January 2014. . Gregory . Levey . In the past few months, Haaretz, Israel's paper of record, has run a series of articles expressing misgivings about outside influence. .
  85. News: Alan Dershowitz and the Politics of Desperation . 11 May 2010 . 24 January 2014. . Brant . Rosen . Recent polling, alongside articles in both the New York Times and the Israeli paper of record, Ha'aretz, indicate that the American Jewish community no longer feels represented by our so-called representatives - if we ever did. .
  86. News: The Thin Green Line . September 2002 . 24 January 2014. . Gershom . Gorenberg . In late January, the declaration ran as an ad in Ha'aretz, the national paper of record... .
  87. News: Backus . Emily . Edgecliffe-Johnson . Andrew . 20 August 2007 . Confindustria plans Il Sole float . Financial Times . 25 April 2024 . Il Sole 24 Ore is widely regarded in Italy as the business paper of record.
  88. News: Editing Out Criticism. Jeff. Israely. Macleod, Scott. Time. 1 June 2003 . dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130327122125/https://time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,455770,00.html. 27 March 2013.
  89. News: Diplomatic Affinity . Lloyd . Grove . . 6 February 1998 .
  90. Debenedetti Confesses! . Judith . Thurman . . 24 June 2010 .
  91. Web site: Denove . Emmanuelle . Michelet . Elisa . Savcisens . Germans . Fernández Fernández . Elena . 14 February 2024 . An Industrial West? A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Newspapers Discourses about Technology over One Hundred and Ten Years (1830-1940) . PDF . 3 . 10.5281/zenodo.10657719 . free . 27 April 2024.
  92. Book: Beezley . William H. . Latin America 2020-2022 . September 2021 . . 978-1475856439 . 54th . 266 . The Daily Gleaner, established in 1834, is one of the oldest continually published newspapers in the hemisphere and is still Jamaica's newspaper of record..
  93. Book: Surlin . Stuart H. . Mass Media and the Caribbean . Soderlund . Walter C. . 1990 . Taylor & Francis . 9782881244476 . 20.
  94. News: . Reporter's death puts spotlight on shifting media landscape . Philip . Brasor . 27 November 2021 . One frequent target is the Asahi Shimbun, which to many is the liberal newspaper of record in Japan.. 10 May 2022.
  95. Book: Johnson . David T. . The Next Frontier: National Development, Political Change, and the Death Penalty in Asia . Zimring . Franklin E. . February 2009 . . 978-0195337402 . Studies in Crime and Public Policy . 71 . Some months later, Japan's newspaper of record (the Asahi Shimbun) published a poem calling Hatoyama "the grim reaper" (shinigami). . Franklin Zimring.
  96. Book: Lukner . Kerstin . Trust and Mistrust in Contemporary Japanese Politics . Sakaki . Alexandra . December 2019 . . 978-0367892753 . 1st . ..Asahi Shimbun, Japan's second largest newspaper and the 'newspaper of record' ...
  97. Book: Culpepper, Pepper D. . Quiet Politics and Business Power: Corporate Control in Europe and Japan (Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics) . January 2011 . . 978-0521134132 . 128 . ...the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, the business or financial newspaper of record, had three million;... . Pepper D. Culpepper.
  98. Swenson . Tamara . Visgatis . Brad . 2008 . Changing Representations of Homelessness in Japanese Newspapers . PDF . Journal of Osaka Jogakuin 4year College . 5 . 19–44 . 1880-0084 . 1097652041 . 11 May 2024 . The Yomiuri Shimbun is considered by many to be Japan's newspaper of record.
  99. Web site: Historical Perspective. nationaudio.com. 14 March 2005. https://web.archive.org/web/20080917025344/http://www.nationaudio.com/kenyapolitics/info/nationmedia.html. 17 September 2008.
  100. News: Benesch. Susan. The Kenyan Elections: Peace Happened. 10 October 2013. The Huffington Post. 21 March 2013. Kenya's newspaper of record, the Daily Nation, published a banner headline "Never Again" over an editorial with a sharp, eloquent warning.
  101. Onyebadi . Uche . Oyedeji . Tayo . 2011 . Newspaper coverage of post political election violence in Africa: an assessment of the Kenyan example . Media, War & Conflict . 4 . 3 . 217 . 10.1177/1750635211420768 . 26000315 . 144537355 . 1750-6352.
  102. Hanssen . Jens . Safieddine . Hicham . 2016 . Lebanon's Al-Akhbar and Radical Press Culture: Toward an Intellectual History of the Contemporary Arab Left . Arab Studies Journal . Washington, D.C. . Arab Studies Institute . 24 . 1 . 192–227 . 2328-9627 . 44746852 . Al-Nahar became the Lebanese paper of record in the 1950s . 201.
  103. Book: Corfield, Justin . Historical Dictionary of Singapore . 2010 . . 978-0810871847 . 255 . Straits Times (and New Straits Times): ... it has emerged as a newspaper of record . registration.
  104. News: Raslan . Karim . 5 June 2017 . A writer's writer: the life and times of Malaysia's Rehman Rashid . live . This Week in Asia . South China Morning Post . 1563-9371 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170610143941/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/personalities/article/2096986/writers-writer-life-and-times-malaysias-rehman-rashid . 10 June 2017 . 24 May 2024 . subscription . The NST at the time was the doyen of Malaysia's English-language media, a paper of record which attracted the best writers..
  105. Book: Elsey . Brenda . Brenda Elsey . Nadel . Joshua H. . 2019 . The Boom and Bust of Mexican Women's Football . Futbolera: A History of Women and Sports in Latin America . Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long Endowment in Latin American and Latino Art and Culture . Austin . University of Texas Press . 10.7560/310427 . 978-1-4773-1859-1 . 2018037054 . Excelsior, Mexico's paper of record . 237.
  106. News: Geert Wilders on course to be next Dutch prime minister . Bruno . Waterfield . . 4 March 2010 . https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/netherlands/7369693/Wilders-on-course-to-be-next-Dutch-prime-minister.html . 12 January 2022 . subscription . live .
  107. Book: Cooper, Matt . Matt Cooper (Irish journalist) . 2015 . Playing the long game . The Maximalist: The Rise and Fall of Tony O'Reilly . Dublin . Gill & Macmillan . 978-07171-6723-4 . The New Zealand Herald was a paper with daily paid-for sales of over 250,000; it had an image of something of a 'paper-of-record'.
  108. Midttun . Atle . Coulter . Paddy . Gadzekpo . Audrey . Audrey Gadzekpo . Wang . Jin . December 2015 . Comparing Media Framings of Climate Change in Developed, Rapid Growth and Developing Countries: Findings from Norway, China and Ghana . Energy & Environment . Sage Publishing . 26 . 8 . 1271–1292 . 10.1260/0958-305X.26.8.1271 . 2048-4070 . 90006539 . Aftenposten, Norway's newspaper of record and the newspaper with the widest circulation, is privately-owned and has broad coverage of news, culture, public policyand business. . 1277.
  109. Book: Walsh, Declan . The Nine Lives of Pakistan: Dispatches from a Divided Nation . July 2021 . . 978-1408868492 . xxi . Cyril Almeida, a senior journalist with Dawn, Pakistan's newspaper of record, who, furious at the news of my expulsion. . Declan Walsh (journalist).
  110. News: 4 July 2018. The assault on Pakistan media ahead of vote. BBC. 3 December 2020 . Ahmed . Rashid . Ahmed Rashid . Dawn is the unofficial newspaper of record - indispensable for businessmen, diplomats and military officers alike - and known for its influential editorials that affect Pakistan's image worldwide..
  111. . 'The Edge of an Abyss.' How the World's Newspapers Are Responding as the U.S. Descends Into Chaos . Ciara . Nugent . Billy . Perrigo . In Pakistan, which has a longstanding, if strained, military alliance with the U.S., the country’s newspaper of record, Dawn, ran an editorial under the headline "Trump on the Warpath." . 2 June 2020 . 9 May 2022.
  112. Web site: Always busy, anxious but confident Tribute - MAG THE WEEKLY . magtheweekly.com . en.
  113. News: Behind every great person and his achievements, stands a woman . www.thenews.com.pk . . en.
  114. Book: Rockwell . Rick J. . Media Power in Central America . Janus . Noreene . 2003 . . 978-0252028021 . 59 . 10.5406/j.ctt2ttd20.
  115. Book: . The Corruption Notebooks: 25 Investigative Journalists Report on Abuses of Power in Their Home Country . 2004 . 978-1882583195 . 237 . Public Integrity Books . After the 1989 U.S. invasion of Panama, and the ouster of General Manuel Noriega, La Prensa became the country's newspaper of record . registration.
  116. . 21 . 9 . November 1995 . Four Journalists Win Columbia University's Cabot Prizes For Coverage of Latin America. For the past 15 years, Mr. Eisenmann has led Panama's internationally respected daily newspaper of record, La Prensa, as founding editor and publisher.. 9 May 2022 .
  117. Book: Folch, Christine . 2019 . Currency . Hydropolitics: The Itaipu Dam, Sovereignty, and the Engineering of Modern South America . Princeton Studies in Culture and Technology . 39 . Princeton, NJ . Princeton University Press . 10.2307/j.ctvdf0j6c . 9780691186597 . ABC Color, the Paraguayan paper of record . 81.
  118. Book: Johnston, Donald H. . Encyclopedia of International Media and Communications . 2 . 143 . 2003 . 978-0123876706 . . 9 May 2022 . Chapter: Freedom of the Press in Latin America . ...the newspaper of record in any country is compulsory reading for political, business, and cultural leaders and the most prestigious such papers in the region, organized into the Grupo de Diarios America, are La Nacion (Buenos Aires, Argentina), O Globo (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), El Tiempo (Bogota, Colombia), El Mercurio (Santiago, Chile), El Comercio (Ecuador), Reforma (Mexico), El Nuevo Dia Interactivo (Puerto Rico), El Comercio (Lima, Peru), El Pais (Montevideo, Uruguay), and El Nacional (Caracas, Venezuela).
  119. Book: Claudio, Lisandro E. . 2017 . Salvador P. Lopez and the Space of Liberty . Liberalism and the Postcolony: Thinking the State in 20th-Century Philippines . Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies . 19 . Singapore . NUS Press . 978-981-4722-52-0 . the anti-Marcos weekly Mr. & Ms. [...] would become the Philippine Daily Inquirer, the present day paper of record . 144.
  120. Web site: . Philippine Daily Inquirer . 7 May 2022 . The Philippine Daily Inquirer, popularly known as the Inquirer, is an English-language newspaper in the Philippines. Founded in 1985, it is often regarded as the Philippines' newspaper of record..
  121. Book: Örnebring, Henrik . Newsworkers: A Comparative European Perspective . November 2017 . . 978-1501338229 . 51 . The creation of what is arguably the national newspaper of record, Gazeta Wyborcza, stands as an example of .....
  122. Book: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland. 1 June 2013. Britannica Educational Publishing. 9781615309917. 131. en.
  123. Book: Szczerbiak, Aleks . Politicising the Communist Past: The Politics of Truth Revelation in Post-Communist Poland . 2020 . . 978-0367433581 . 1 Introduction . ...Rzeczpospolita daily newspaper, the main Polish newspaper of record....
  124. Book: Historical Dictionary of Portugal . 3rd . 189 . . 2010 . Douglas L. . Wheeler . Walter C. Jr. . Opello . The major Lisbon newspapers are Diário de Noticias (daily and newspaper of record) .... . 978-0810860889.
  125. Book: Eaman, Ross . The A to Z of Journalism . 2009 . . 978-0810871540 . 237 . The most prestigious newspaper for print journalists is the Diario de noticias, Portugal's "newspaper of record", followed by the more popular Jornal de noticias and the staunchly independent Publico. . registration.
  126. Book: Cavanagh . Allison . Letters to the Editor: Comparative and Historical Perspectives . Steel . John . November 2019 . . 978-3030264796 . 17 . Our case study of a Portuguese newspaper of record, Público, .....
  127. Book: Carter . Cynthia . The Routledge Companion to Media & Gender . Steiner . Linda . McLaughlin . Lisa . December 2013 . . 978-0415527699 . 435 . The daily Público is Portugal's newspaper of record, with typical news and section divides. . Cynthia Carter . Linda Steiner . registration.
  128. Book: Fishman, Robert M. . Democratic Practice: Origins of the Iberian Divide in Political Inclusion . April 2019 . . 978-0190912888 . 234 . .... with Portuguese journalists included José Manuel Fernandes, at the time director of Portugal's newspaper of record, Publico, Lisbon..
  129. Web site: Grigorev Commentary in Politika: Serbs Vote is Pragmatic . 1 February 2011 . The Bulletin Arcadia University . ... wrote a commentary in the Jan. 26 issue of Politika, the Serbian newspaper of record and the oldest daily in the Balkans.. https://web.archive.org/web/20160108031113/http://bulletin.arcadia.edu/2011/02/grigorev-commentary-in-politika-serbs-vote-is-pragmatic/. 8 January 2016.
  130. Book: Omaljev, Ana Russell . Discourses on Identity in 'First' and 'Other' Serbia: Social Construction of the Self and the Other in a Divided Serbia . March 2020 . 978-3838207117 . . In addition, the conservative quality daily newspaper Politika is consulted on various issues, as it is still considered the daily newspaper of record in Serbia. . 43–44.
  131. Web site: Danas . VOXeurop . 18 January 2017 . 2 January 2018.
  132. Book: Christopher, H. Sterling . Encyclopedia of Journalism . 2009 . . 978-0761929574 . 1 . 108 . A–C . Christopher H. Sterling . registration.
  133. Babcock . Joshua . Winter 2023 . (De)coupling Positional Whiteness and White Identities through "Good English" in Singapore . Signs and Society . Chicago . University of Chicago Press . 11 . 1 . 23–44 . 10.1086/722624 . free . 2326-4489 . the Straits Times [is] Singapore's state-run newspaper of record . 33.
  134. Book: Christopher, H. Sterling . Encyclopedia of Journalism . 2009 . . 978-0761929574 . 1 . 39 . A–C . Christopher H. Sterling . registration.
  135. Jones . Adam . From Rightist to 'Brightest'? The Strange Tale of South Africa's Citizen. . . 24 . 2 . 1998 . 325–45 . 10.1080/03057079808708579 . 2637530 . 1998JSAfS..24..325J . 8 May 2022 .
  136. Book: Youm . Kyu Ho . Korean Communication, Media, and Culture: An Annotated Bibliography . Kwak . Nojin . August 2018 . . 978-1498583329 . 1st . 71 . 3 . The prominent "big three" publications — Chosun Ilbo, Dong-A Ilbo, and Joongang Ilbo — are newspapers of record with a combined three million subscribers. . Kyu Ho Youm.
  137. Book: Sklair, Leslie . The Anthropocene in Global Media: Neutralizing the Risk . May 2022 . . 978-0367641993 . 175 . ABC, the third 'newspaper of record' in Spain ....
  138. Book: McCullough . Colin . Wilson . Nathan . Violence, Memory, and History: Western Perceptions of Kristallnacht . 15 September 2014 . Routledge . 978-1-134-75777-0 . 88 . en . As of July 1936, ABC in Madrid, a conservative newspaper of record and the largest Spanish daily, was seized by the Popular Front.
  139. Book: Magnussen . Anne . Spanish Comics: Historical and Cultural Perspectives . 2020 . Berghahn . 63 . 9781789209976 . ABC, the newspaper of record in Franco's Spain.
  140. Book: Sklair, Leslie . The Anthropocene in Global Media: Neutralizing the Risk . May 2022 . . 978-0367641993 . 174 . Coverage in El Mundo, the second 'newspaper of record' in Spain (mainly in 2016) begins with two well-researched ....
  141. Book: Sachsman . David B . Routledge Handbook of Environmental Journalism . Myer Valenti . JoAnn . June 2022 . . 978-1032336442 . For this chapter, we analyzed the environmental information published by the newspaper of record in Spain, El País..
  142. Book: Enjuto-Rangel . Cecilia . Transatlantic Studies: Latin America, Iberia, and Africa . Faber . Sebastiaan . García-Caro . Pedro . Newcomb . Robert Patrick . December 2019 . . 978-1789620252 . 127 . A few days later, a Spanish newspaper of record, El País, published an interview ....
  143. Web site: Ahari . Shannon K. Tanhayi . Research Guides: Scandinavian Studies: Newspapers . 2023-09-01 . . en.
  144. News: Immigrants outraged over Sweden's racial profiling. 10 October 2013. The Standard. 15 March 2013. Dagens Nyheter, Sweden's paper of record..
  145. Encyclopedia: Neue Zürcher Zeitung. Encyclopædia Britannica. 30 August 2012.
  146. Book: Schiller-Merkens . Simone . The Contested Moralities of Markets . Balsiger . Philip . October 2019 . . 978-1787691209 . In addition, we consulted all 302 newspaper articles in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung (the newspaper of record in the German-speaking part of Switzerland), and Le Temps (the newspaper of record in the German-speaking part of Switzerland), that covered....
  147. http://www.foeg.uzh.ch/jahrbuch/Broschur_Jahrbuch_foeg_englisch_2012.pdf The Quality of the Media
  148. Book: Katz, William A. . William Katz (librarian) . Magazines for Libraries For the General Reader and School, Junior College, College, University, and Public Libraries . Katz . Linda Sternberg . Bowker . 1997 . 9th . 185 . Bangkok Post is the English-language newspaper of record in Thailand....
  149. Lawler . John J. . Bae . Johngseok . April 1998 . Overt Employment Discrimination by Multinational Firms: Cultural and Economic Influences in a Developing Country . Industrial Relations . Blackwell Publishers . 37 . 2 . 137 . 10.1111/0019-8676.00079 . 154396371 . The Bangkok Post was used because it is a newspaper of record in Thailand and the most widely read of the English-language dailies. . Bibliothek der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.
  150. News: Ruiz. Todd . 16 March 2022 . Bangkok Post trashed for broadcasting Russian ambassador's 'propaganda' . Coconuts Bangkok . Coconuts Media . 19 February 2024 . The newspaper of record’s decision to uncritically broadcast a closed session with Russia’s ambassador to Thailand yesterday has been met with anger and disbelief..
  151. Hart . Bonnye . WAI UNBALANCED? A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE 2011 THAILAND GENERAL ELECTION IN THE BANGKOK POST NEWSPAPER . December 2013 . M.A. Major in Mass Communication . .
  152. . Laureate of nowhere . Laurence . Breiner . November 2006 . 10 May 2022 . ..that although the Guardian is the nation's [Trinidad and Tobago] newspaper of record.... 10.
  153. Book: Beezley, William H. . Latin America 2020-2022 . September 2021 . . 978-1475856439 . 54th . 394 . The [Trinidad and Togabo] Guardian, founded in 1917, is the country's newspaper of record..
  154. News: . Turkish activists decry attack on press freedom as journalists stand trial . 24 July 2017 . 10 May 2022 . Kareem . Shaheen . Gözde . Hatunoğlu . ...because Cumhuriyet, the country’s newspaper of record that is committed to secularism....
  155. News: The UK's 'other paper of record'. 19 January 2004. BBC News. 21 March 2009.
  156. Web site: . A Newspaper of Record . 2022 . 8 July 2022.
  157. Book: Corey Frost. The Broadview Guide to Writing: A Handbook for Students. Karen Weingarten. Doug Babington. Don LePan. Maureen Okun. 30 May 2017. Broadview Press. 978-1-55481-313-1. 6th. 27–. 7 May 2022.
  158. Encyclopedia: The New York Times. Encyclopædia Britannica. 8 May 2023 . "... long the newspaper of record in the United States and one of the world's great newspapers.".
  159. Book: Christopher, H. Sterling . Encyclopedia of Journalism . 2009 . . 978-0761929574 . 3 . 1020 . The New York Times is widely recognised as the country's newspaper of record. . Christopher H. Sterling . registration.
  160. Web site: On The Washington Post and the 'newspaper of record' epithet. . Ken . Doctor . 12 March 2015 . 8 May 2022.
  161. News: Bohlen . Celestine . 1996-12-23 . Vatican Newspaper of Record Best Read for What It Doesn't Record . en-US . The New York Times . https://web.archive.org/web/20201114053416/https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/23/business/vatican-newspaper-of-record-best-read-for-what-it-doesn-t-record.html . 14 November 2020 . 0362-4331.
  162. Web site: L'Osservatore Romano newspaper Britannica . https://web.archive.org/web/20220924183342/https://www.britannica.com/topic/LOsservatore-Romano . 24 September 2022 . britannica.com . en.
  163. Book: Christopher, H. Sterling . Encyclopedia of Journalism . 2009 . . 978-0761929574 . 3 . 1020 . Christopher H. Sterling . registration.
  164. Book: Eckson Mugari, Zvenyika . Press Silence in Postcolonial Zimbabwe: News Whiteouts, Journalism and Power . March 2020 . . 978-0367252250.
  165. Web site: . From Distant Glory Days to Utter Degradation, El Nacional Mirrored Venezuela . 19 December 2018 . 9 May 2022 . José González . Vargas .
  166. News: Editorial . Pan-Arab newspaper al-Hayat officially closes after decades of journalism. 14 May 2022. . en . 4 March 2020.
  167. Web site: 26 May 2020. Will the Pandemic Kill Arab Print Journalism?. 14 May 2022. . en . Aron . Lund.
  168. News: Philp. Catherine. 5 November 2017. Cambodia Daily survived tanks but not descent into outright dictatorship. The Times. 3 December 2020.
  169. News: . Cambodia Daily shuts with 'dictatorship' parting shot at prime minister Hun Sen . 4 September 2017 . 14 May 2022 . Reuters.
  170. Web site: . Courageous voice for truth silenced in Cambodia . Milton . Osborne . 11 May 2018 . 14 May 2022 . Milton Osborne.
  171. News: Parkhouse. Alan. 7 May 2018. New start or sad end for Cambodia's last free newspaper?. Asia Times. 3 December 2020.
  172. Book: Plakans . Andrejs . Historical Dictionary of Latvia . Purs . Aldis . . 2017 . 978-1538102206 . 3rd . 90 . Andrejs Plakans.

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