Myalgia Explained

Myalgia
Synonym:Muscle pain, muscle ache

Myalgia or muscle pain is a painful sensation evolving from muscle tissue. It is a symptom of many diseases. The most common cause of acute myalgia is the overuse of a muscle or group of muscles; another likely cause is viral infection, especially when there has been no injury.

Long-lasting myalgia can be caused by metabolic myopathy, some nutritional deficiencies, ME/CFS, fibromyalgia, and amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome.

Causes

The most common causes of myalgia are overuse, injury, and strain. Myalgia might also be caused by allergies, diseases, medications, or as a response to a vaccination. Dehydration at times results in muscle pain as well, especially for people involved in extensive physical activities such as workout.

Muscle pain is also a common symptom in a variety of diseases, including infectious diseases, such as influenza, muscle abscesses, Lyme disease, malaria, trichinosis or poliomyelitis;[1] autoimmune diseases, such as celiac disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome or polymyositis;[1] [2] gastrointestinal diseases, such as non-celiac gluten sensitivity (which can also occur without digestive symptoms) and inflammatory bowel disease (including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis).[3]

The most common causes are:[4] [5] [6]

Overuse

Overuse of a muscle is using it too much, too soon or too often.[7] One example is repetitive strain injury. See also:

Injury

The most common causes of myalgia by injury are: sprains and strains.

Autoimmune

Metabolic defect

Other

Withdrawal syndrome from certain drugs

Sudden cessation of high-dose corticosteroids, opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, caffeine, or alcohol can induce myalgia.

Treatment

When the cause of myalgia is unknown, it should be treated symptomatically. Common treatments include heat, rest, paracetamol, NSAIDs, massage, cryotherapy and muscle relaxants.[9]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Dolores musculares: MedlinePlus enciclopedia médica . 2022-10-28 . medlineplus.gov . es.
  2. Vitali . Claudio . Del Papa . Nicoletta . February 2015 . Pain in primary Sjögren's syndrome . Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology . 29 . 1 . 63–70 . 10.1016/j.berh.2015.05.002 . 1532-1770 . 26267000.
  3. Tovoli . Francesco . 2015 . Clinical and diagnostic aspects of gluten related disorders . World Journal of Clinical Cases . en . 3 . 3 . 275–284 . 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i3.275 . 25789300 . 4360499 . 2307-8960 . free .
  4. Web site: Muscle Pain - Causes . Mayo Clinic . April 23, 2024.
  5. Web site: Muscle aches . MedlinePlus . 10 April 2024.
  6. https://posm.org/understanding-myalgia-causes-treatments-and-prevention/
  7. https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003178.htm MedlinePlus
  8. Glueck. CharlesJ. Conrad. Brandon. Severe vitamin D deficiency, myopathy, and rhabdomyolysis. North American Journal of Medical Sciences. 5. 8. 2013. 494–495. 1947-2714. 10.4103/1947-2714.117325. 24083227. 3784929 . free .
  9. Web site: Approach to the patient with myalgia. Shmerling. Robert H. April 25, 2016. UpToDate. 2018-05-27. subscription .