Mudaliar Explained

Group:Mudaliar
Popplace:Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore
Languages:Tamil
Religions:Hindu

The title belongs to the communities like the Kondaikatti Vellalar, Thuluva Vellalar and Senguntha Kaikolar. [5] [6] [7] [8]

Etymology

The title is derived from the Tamil word muthal or "muthar" meaning first with the suffix yaar denoting people.[9] The title is used in the same sense as simply meaning headman.[10]

Thuluva Vellalar

Thuluva Vellalar (Thondaimandala Tuluva Vellalar),  also known as Agamudaya Mudaliars  and Arcot Mudaliars, is a caste found in northern Tamil Nadu, southern Andhra Pradesh. They were originally significant landowners. An early Tamil tradition states that a king known as Ādonda Chakravarthi, a feudatory of Karikala Chola brought a large number of agriculturists (now known as the Tuluva Vellalas) from the Tulu areas in order to reclaim forest lands for cultivation in Thondaimandalam during late 2nd century CE.[11] Tuluva Vellalars are progressive and prosperous[12] in the society. They are considerably advanced in the matter of education[13] and the community was eagerly involved in business, Government and Non- governmental institutions.

Senguntha Kaikola Mudaliar

Senguntha Kaikola Mudaliar is a caste commonly found in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and the neighboring country Sri Lanka. In Andhra Pradesh, they are called as Kaikala or Karikala Bhaktulu, who consider the Chola emperor Karikala Chola as their hero.[14] They were warriors by ancient heritage and traditional weavers, textile merchants by occupation. They were part of the Chola army as Kaikola regiment and were dominant during the rule of Imperial Cholas, holding commander and minister positions in the court.[15] Ottakoothar, 12th century court poet and rajaguru of Cholas under Vikrama Chola, Kulothunga Chola II, Raja Raja Chola II reign belong to this community.In the olden days in India, the Sengunthars were warriors and were given the title Mudaliar for their bravery.[16] In early thirteenth century, after the fall of Chola empire large number of Kaikolars migrated to Kongu Nadu from Tondaimandalam and started doing weaving and textile businesses as their full time profession as they sworn to be soldiers only for Chola emperors.[17] At present, most of the textile businesses in Tamil Nadu are owned by Senguntha Mudaliars.

Kondaikatti Vellalar

Kondaikatti Vellalar or Thondaimandala Mudaliar is a Tamil caste in south India. Historically, they were a caste of non-cultivating land-holders and some of them were administrators under various south Indian dynasties especially the Chola Empire. Their original homeland was Thondaimandalam and from there they spread to other areas in south India and northeastern parts of Sri Lanka. Since they historically used the Mudaliar title, they are sometimes referred to as Thondaimandala Mudaliar.

See also

Sources

Notes and References

  1. Book: Barnett, Marguerite Ross. The Politics of Cultural Nationalism in South India. 2015. Princeton University Press. 9781400867189. 236.
  2. Book: Silva, Chandra Richard De . Portuguese Encounters with Sri Lanka and the Maldives: Translated Texts from the Age of Discoveries . 2009 . Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. . 9780754601869 . 225 . en.
  3. Book: Vidyodaya Journal of Arts, Science, and Letters: Vidyodaya Vidyā Kalā Bhāsāśāstrīya Sangrahaya . 1970 . Vidyodaya Campus, University of Sri Lanka . 117 . en.
  4. Book: Younger, Paul . New Homelands: Hindu Communities in Mauritius, Guyana, Trinidad, South Africa, Fiji, and East Africa . 2010 . Oxford University Press, USA . 978-0-19-539164-0 . 135 . en.
  5. Book: Ramaswamy, Vijaya. Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. Rowman & Littlefield . 2017 . 978-1-53810-686-0. 229.
  6. Book: Pandian, Jacob. Caste, Nationalism and Ethnicity: An Interpretation of Tamil Cultural History and Social Order. Popular Prakashan. 1987. 978-0-86132-136-0. 109, 114.
  7. Web site: Mudaliar title usage.
  8. M, S, A. Vijaya, Kanthimathi, Ramesh. 2 August 2008. Genetic study of scheduled caste populations of Tamil Nadu. Journal of Genetics. 87. 2. 171–4. 10.1007/s12041-008-0026-2. 18776647. 32841661. Indian Academy of Sciences.
  9. Book: Barnett, Marguerite Ross. The Politics of Cultural Nationalism in South India. 2015. Princeton University Press. 9781400867189. 236. en.
  10. Book: Katz, Nathan. Who Are the Jews of India?. 2000. University of California Press . 978-0-52021-323-4. 47–48.
  11. Book: Krishnaswamy Ranaganathan Hanumanthan . Untouchability: A Historical Study Upto 1500 A.D. : with Special Reference to Tamil Nadu . Koodal Publishers . 101.
  12. Book: Tañcai Tamil̲p Palkalaik Kal̲akam, Tañcai Tamiḻp Palkalaik Kaḻakam . Glimpses of Tamil Civilization. Articles from the University Quarterly, Tamil Civilization . Tamil University . 1994 . 142 . Tuluva Vellala is a prosperous and progressive caste in Tamil Nadu and they migrated from Tulu Nadu to Tamil Nadu in ancient times..
  13. Book: Census Book of India 1961 . The Director of stationery and Printing, Madras. . 1961 . 9 North Arcot District . Madras . 31 . Tamil . 3.
  14. Web site: National Commission for Backward Classes . 2023-06-26 . www.ncbc.nic.in.
  15. Martial races of undivided India by Vidya Prakash Tyagi 2009 Page 278 https://www.google.com/books?id=vRwS6FmS2g0C
  16. Book: David, Kenneth . The New Wind: Changing Identities in South Asia (World Anthropology) . De Gruyter Mouton; Reprint 2011 edition (1 December 1977) . 1977 . 9027979596 . 188.
  17. Book: Ramaswamy, Vijaya . Migrations in Medieval and Early Colonial India . Routledge . 2017 . 9781351558259 . 172–174.

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