Monokine Explained

A monokine is a type of cytokine produced primarily by monocytes and macrophages.

Some monokines are:

• interleukin 1^[1]
• tumor necrosis factor-alpha
• alpha and beta interferon^[2]
• colony stimulating factors

Functions

Monokines released from macrophages can attract neutrophils, via the process chemotaxis.

The secretion of monokine, prompted by interferon gamma, has activity for the receptors found within immune cells, such as T-cells, hindering their ability to function as regulators of the body. Thus, promoting tumor progression in the cancer-state.^[3] In fact, its activity is important in other diseases, such as pulmonary tuberculosis, where researchers have identified monokine as a biomarker.^[4]

See also

• Lymphokine

Notes and References

1. Leung DY, Geha RS, Newburger JW . Two monokines, interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor, render cultured vascular endothelial cells susceptible to lysis by antibodies circulating during Kawasaki syndrome . The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 164 . 6 . 1958–72 . 1986. 3491174 . 10.1084/jem.164.6.1958 . 2188474.
2. Book: Julius M. Cruse. Robert Edwin Lewis. Illustrated dictionary of immunology. 24 April 2011. 20 April 2009. CRC Press. 978-0-8493-7987-1. 208–.
3. Bolomsky . Arnold . Schreder . Martin . Hübl . Wolfgang . Zojer . Niklas . Hilbe . Wolfgang . Ludwig . Heinz . November 2016 . Monokine induced by interferon gamma (MIG/CXCL9) is an independent prognostic factor in newly diagnosed myeloma . Leukemia & Lymphoma . en . 57 . 11 . 2516–2525 . 10.3109/10428194.2016.1151511 . 26999330 . 1042-8194.
4. Li . Yang . He . Dengqi . Che . Yinfu . Zhao . Xinchen . 2020-11-20 . Monokine induced by gamma interferon for detecting pulmonary tuberculosis: A diagnostic meta-analysis . Medicine . en . 99 . 47 . e23302 . 10.1097/MD.0000000000023302 . 33217864 . 7676613 . 0025-7974.