Royal Title: | King |
Realm: | Cambodia |
Native Name: | Central Khmer: ព្រះមហាក្សត្រនៃកម្ពុជា |
Coatofarms: | Royal Standard of the King of Cambodia.svgborder |
Incumbent: | Norodom Sihamoni |
Incumbentsince: | 14 October 2004 |
His/Her: | His |
Date: | 68 CE; years ago |
Abolition: | 18 March 1970 – 24 September 1993 |
The monarchy of Cambodia refers to the constitutional monarchy of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The King of Cambodia (Central Khmer: ព្រះមហាក្សត្រកម្ពុជា) is the head of state and head of the ruling Royal House of Norodom. In the contemporary period, the king's power has been limited to that of a symbolic figurehead. The monarchy had been in existence since at least 68 AD except during its abolition from 1970 to 1993. Since 1993, the king of Cambodia has been an elected monarch, making Cambodia one of the few elective monarchies of the world. The king is elected for life by the Royal Council of the Throne, which consists of several senior political and religious figures. Candidates are chosen from among male descendants of King Ang Duong who are at least 30 years old, from the two royal houses of Cambodia (the House of Norodom and the House of Sisowath).
Cambodia's constitution, promulgated in 1993, stipulated the king's role as a mainly ceremonial one. It declared that the king "shall reign, but not govern"[1] as well as being the "symbol of national unity and continuity".[2] The king performs important functions of state as required by the constitution. This includes but is not limited to:
The king also fulfils other roles not explicitly mentioned in the constitution in his capacity as head of state, for example, presiding over events of national significance[17] including religious ceremonies and traditions integral to the Khmer nation,[18] supporting humanitarian and philanthropic causes,[19] and representing Cambodia abroad when undertaking official visits overseas.[20] Although there have been female rulers in the past, the 1993 constitution currently forbids women from succeeding to the throne.[21]
The Ministry of the Royal Palace, currently overseen by Minister Kong Sam Ol in conjunction with the Supreme Privy Advisory Council, formerly headed by the King's half-brother Prince Norodom Ranariddh and now headed by former Prime Minister Hun Sen assists and advises the king accordingly in carrying out his duties as monarch.[22] [23] [24]
Order | Monarch | Name in foreign texts | Reign | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Queen Soma | Liǔyè (traditional Khmer call: Neang Neak) | 68 – later 1st century | |
2 | Hùntián (traditional Khmer call: Preah Tong) | later 1st century | ||
3 | Hun Pan-huang | Hùnpánkuàng | later 2nd century – 198 | |
4 | Pan-Pan | Hùnpánpán | 198–201 | |
5 | Srei Meara | Fàn Shīmàn | 201–225 | |
6 | Unknown | Fàn Jīnshēng | 225 | |
7 | Unknown | Fàn Zhān | 225–244 | |
8 | Unknown | Fàn Chāng | 244 | |
9 | Unknown | Fàn Xún | 244–289 | |
Interregnum: 289 – 4th century | ||||
10 | Candana | Tiānzhú Zhāntán | 4th century – 410 | |
11 | Qiáochénrú | 410–434 | ||
12 | Srindravarman | Chílítuóbámó | 434–435 | |
13 | Unknown | Unknown | 435–438? | |
14 | Unknown | Unknown | 438?–484 | |
15 | Jayavarman Kaundinya | Shéyébámó | 484–514 | |
16 | Queen Kulaprabhavati | Unknown | 514–517 | |
17 | Liútuóbámó | 514–550 | ||
Funan–Chenla War: 550–627 | ||||
Unknown | 550–600 | |||
Mhenteractvarman | Unknown | 600–615 | ||
Nteractvarman | Unknown | 615–627 |
Order | Monarch | Personal name | Reign | |
---|---|---|---|---|
18 | Srutavarman | Srutavarman | 550–555 | |
19 | Sreshthavarman | Sreshthavarman | 555–560 | |
20 | Vīravarman | Viravarman | 560–575 | |
21 | Queen Kambuja-raja-lakshmi | Kambujarajalakshmi | 575–580 | |
22 | Bhavavarman I | Bhavavarman | 580–600 | |
23 | Mahendravarman | Chet Sen | 600–616 | |
24 | Isanavarman I | Isanavarman | 616–635 | |
25 | Bhavavarman II | Bhavavarman | 639–657 | |
26 | Jayavarman I | Jayavarman | 657–681 | |
27 | Queen Jayadevi | Jayadevi | 681–713 | |
28 | Nripatindravarman I | Nripatindravarman | 713–716 | |
Female successors of Upper Chenla (Land Chenla)[25] | ||||
29 | Queen Indrani | Indrani | c.716–760 | |
30 | Queen Nṛpatendradevī | Nrpatendradevi | c.760–780 | |
31 | Queen Jayendrabhā | Jayendrabha | c.780–802 | |
32 | Queen Jyeṣṭhāryā | Jyestharya | c.802–803 | |
Male successors of Lower Chenla (Water Chenla)[26] | ||||
29 | Pushkaraksha | c.716–730 | ||
30 | Shambhuvarman | c.730–760 | ||
31 | Rajendravarman | c.760–770 | ||
32 | Mahipativarman | Mahipativarman | c.770–780 | |
33 | Jayavarman II | Jayavarman | c.780–802 |
Order | Monarch | Personal name | Reign |
---|---|---|---|
33 | Jayavarman II | Jayavarman | 802–850 |
34 | Jayavarman III | Jayavarthon | 850–877 |
35 | Indravarman I | Indravarman | 877–889 |
36 | Yasovarman I | Yasovarthon | 889–910 |
37 | Harshavarman I | Harshavarman | 910–923 |
38 | Ishanavarman II | Isanavarman | 923–928 |
39 | Jayavarman IV | Jayavarman | 928–941 |
40 | Harshavarman II | Harshavarman | 941–944 |
41 | Rajendravarman II | Rajedravarman | 944–968 |
42 | Jayavarman V | Jayavarman | 968–1001 |
43 | Udayadityavarman I | Udayadityavarman | 1001–1002 |
44 | Jayavirahvarman | Jayavirahvarman | 1002–1006 |
45 | Suryavarman I | Suryavarman | 1006–1050 |
46 | Udayadityavarman II | Udayadityavarman | 1050–1066 |
47 | Harshavarman III | Harshavarman | 1066–1080 |
48 | Nripatindravarman II | Nripatindravarman | 1080–1113 |
49 | Jayavarman VI | Jayavarman | 1080–1107 |
50 | Dharanindravarman I | Dharanindravarman | 1107–1113 |
51 | Suryavarman II | Suryavarman | 1113–1150 |
52 | Dharanindravarman II | Dharanindravarman | 1150–1156 |
53 | Yasovarman II | Yasovarman | 1156–1165 |
54 | Tribhuvanadityavarman | Tribhuvanadityavarman | 1165–1177 |
Cham invasion by Jaya Indravarman: 1177–1181 | |||
55 | Jayavarman VII | Jayavarthon | 1181–1218 |
56 | Indravarman II | Indrakumara | 1218–1243 |
The first major Thai kingdom was created in Sukhothai, an area formerly ruled by Lavo in vassalage to Angkor: 1238 | |||
57 | Jayavarman VIII | Jayavarman | 1243–1295 |
58 | Indravarman III | Srei Indravama | 1295–1308 |
59 | Indrajayavarman | Srei Jayavama | 1308–1327 |
60 | Jayavarman IX | Jayavama Borommesvarah | 1327–1336 |
61 | Trasak Paem | Ponhea Chey | 1336–1340 |
62 | Nippean Bat | Ponhea Kreak | 1340–1346 |
63 | Sithean Reachea | Sidhanta Raja | 1346–1347 |
64 | Lompong Reachea | Trasak Peam | 1347–1352 |
Uthong dynasty of Ayutthaya invasion: 1352–1357 | |||
65 | Basat | Bakrasat | 1356–1359 |
66 | Soryavong | Soryavong | 1357–1363 |
67 | Borom Reachea I | Barom Reamea | 1363–1373 |
68 | Thomma Saok | Kaeo Fa | 1373–1393 |
Uthong dynasty of Ayutthaya invasion: 1393 (5 months) | |||
69 | In Reachea | Nakhonin | 1394–1421 |
70 | Ponhea Prek | Ponhea Prek | 1421 |
71 | Borom Reachea II | Ponhea Yat | 1421–1431 |
Ayutthaya invasion and fall of Angkor: 1431 |
width=15% | Name! | width=105px | Portrait! | width=15% | Personal Name! | Reign |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Borom Reachea II Central Khmer: បរមរាជាទី២ | Ponhea Yat Central Khmer: ពញាយ៉ាត | 1431–1463 | ||||
Noreay Reameathiptei Central Khmer: នរាយ រាមាធិបតី | Narayanaraja Central Khmer: នរាយណ៍រាជាទី១ទ | 1463–1469 | ||||
Reachea Reameathiptei Central Khmer: រាជា រាមាធិបតី | Sri Raja Central Khmer: ស្រីរាជា | 1469–1475 | ||||
Srei Soriyotei Central Khmer: ស្រីសុរិយោទ័យទី២ | Rajadhiraja | 1472–1475 | ||||
Thommo Reachea I Central Khmer: ធម្មោ រាជា ទី១ | Dhammarajadhiraja | 1476–1504 | ||||
Srei Sukonthor Central Khmer: ស្រីសុគន្ធធោ | Damkhat Sukonthor | 1504–1512 |
width=15% | Name! | width=105px | Portrait! | width=15% | Personal Name! | Reign |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Srei Chettha Central Khmer: ស្រីជេដ្ឋា | Sdach Korn Central Khmer: ស្ដេចកន | 1512–1521 | ||||
Civil war: Srei Chettha and Chan Reachea war: 1516–1525 | ||||||
Chan Reachea Central Khmer: ចន្ទរាជា | Ponhea Chan Central Khmer: ពញាចន្ទ | 1516–1566 | ||||
Barom Reachea I Central Khmer: បរមរាជាទី១ | Satha Mahindharaja | 1566–1576 | ||||
Satha I Central Khmer: សត្ថាទី១ | Barom Reachea IV Central Khmer: បរមរាជា | 1576–1584 | ||||
Chey Chettha I Central Khmer: ជ័យជេដ្ឋាទី១ | Chey Chettha Central Khmer: ជ័យជេដ្ឋា | 1584–1594 | ||||
Ayutthaya invasion and fall of Longvek: 1591–1594 |
width=15% | Name! | width=105px | Portrait! | width=15% | Personal Name! | Reign |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Preah Ram I Central Khmer: ព្រះរាម ទី១ | Reamea Cheung Prey Central Khmer: រាមាជើងព្រៃ | 1594–1596 | ||||
Preah Ram II Central Khmer: ព្រះរាម ទី២ | Keo Ban On | 1596–1597 | ||||
Paramaraja II (Barom Reachea II) Central Khmer: បរមរាជា ទី២ | Ponhea Ton Central Khmer: ពញាតន់ | 1597–1599 | ||||
Paramaraja III (Barom Reachea III) Central Khmer: បរមរាជា ទី៣ | Ponhea An Central Khmer: ពញាអន | 1599–1600 | ||||
Kaev Hua I Central Khmer: កែវហ៊្វាទី១ | Ponhea Nhom Central Khmer: ពញាញោម | 1600–1603 | ||||
Paramaraja IV (Barom Reachea IV) Central Khmer: បរមរាជា ទី៤ | Srei Soriyopor Central Khmer: ស្រីសុរិយោពណ៌ | 1603–1618 |
width=15% | Name! | width=105px | Portrait! | width=15% | Personal Name! | Reign | Relationship to predecessor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chey Chettha II Central Khmer: ជ័យជេដ្ឋាទី២ | 1618–1628 | Son | |||||
Dhammaraja II (Thommo Reachea II) Central Khmer: ស្រីធម្មរាជាទី២ | Ponhea To Central Khmer: ពញាតូ | 1628–1631 | Son | ||||
Ang Tong Reachea Central Khmer: អង្គទងរាជា | Ponhea Nou Central Khmer: ពញានូ | 1631–1640 | Brother | ||||
Padumaraja (Batom Reachea) Central Khmer: បទុមរាជា | Ang Non Central Khmer: អង្គនន់ | 1640–1642 | Cousin | ||||
Ramadhipati (Reameathiptei I) Central Khmer: រាមាធិបតីទី១ | Ponhea Chan Central Khmer: ពញាចន្ទ | 1642–1658 | Cousin | ||||
Paramaraja V (Barom Reachea V) Central Khmer: បុរមរាជា ទី៥ | Ang So Central Khmer: អង្គសូរ | 1658–1672 | Cousin | ||||
Chey Chettha III Central Khmer: ជ័យជេដ្ឋា ទី៣ | 1672–1673 | Nephew | |||||
Kaev Hua II Central Khmer: ព្រះកែវហ៊្វាទី២ | Ang Chee Central Khmer: អង្គជី | 1673–1674 | Cousin | ||||
Batom Reachea III Central Khmer: បទុមរាជាទី៣ | Ang Nan | 1674 | |||||
Chey Chettha IV Central Khmer: ជ័យជេដ្ឋា ទី៤ | Ang Sor | 1675–1695, 1696–1699, 1700–1702 and 1703–1706 | |||||
Queen Tey | Unknown | 1687 | Mother[27] | ||||
Outey I Central Khmer: ឧទ័យទី១ | Ang Yong Central Khmer: អង្គយ៉ង | 1695–1696 | Cousin once removed | ||||
Parama Ramadhipati (Barom Reameathiptei) Central Khmer: បរម រាមាធិបតី | Ang Em | 1699–1700 and 1710–1722 | |||||
Dhammaraja III (Thommo Reachea III) Central Khmer: សេដ្ឋា ទី២ | Ang Tham | 1702–1703, 1706–1709 and 1736–1747 | |||||
Satha II Central Khmer: សេដ្ឋា ទី២ | Ang Chey Central Khmer: អង្គជ័យ | 1722–1736 and 1749 | |||||
Dhammaraja IV (Thommo Reachea IV) Central Khmer: ស្រីធម្មរាជា | Ang Em Central Khmer: អង្គឯម | 1747 | |||||
Ramadhipati III (Reameathiptei III) Central Khmer: រាមាធិបតីទី៣ | Ang Tong Central Khmer: អង្គទង | 1748–1749, 1755–1758 | Brother-in-law | ||||
Chey Chettha V Central Khmer: ជ័យជេដ្ឋា ទី៥ | Ang Snguon Central Khmer: អង្គស្ងួន | 1749–1755 | Brother-in-law | ||||
Udayaraja II (Outey Reachea II) Central Khmer: ឧទ័យរាជា ទី២ | Ang Ton Central Khmer: អង្គតន់ | 1758–1775 | Cousin twice removed | ||||
Ream Reachea Central Khmer: ព្រះរាមរាជា | Ang Non II Central Khmer: អង្គនន់ទី ២ | 1775–1779 | Cousin once removed | ||||
Narayanaraja III (Neareay Reachea III) Central Khmer: នារាយណ៍រាជាទី ៣ ។ | Ang Eng Central Khmer: អង្គអេង | 1779–1782, 1794–1796 | Cousin twice removed | ||||
Regency, Ang Chan being a minor: 1796–1806 | |||||||
Udayaraja III (Outey Reachea III) Central Khmer: ឧទ័យរាជា ទី៣ | Ang Chan II Central Khmer: អង្គចន្ទ | 1806–1834 | Son | ||||
Queen Ang Mey Central Khmer: អង្គម៉ី | Ksat Trey | 1835–1840, 1844–1846 | Daughter | ||||
Hariraksa Rama Issaradhipati (Harireak Reamea Issarathiptei) Central Khmer: ហរិរក្សរាមាឥស្សរាធិបតី | Ang Duong Central Khmer: អង្គដួង | 1848–1860 | Uncle | ||||
Norodom Prohmbarirak Central Khmer: នរោត្ដម ព្រហ្មបរិរក្ស | Ang Voddey Central Khmer: អង្គវតី | 19 October 1860 – 11 August 1863 | Son |
width=15% | Name! | width=105px | Portrait! | House | Birth! | Death | Relationship to predecessor | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Norodom Prohmbarirak Central Khmer: នរោត្ដម ព្រហ្មបរិរក្ស 11 August 1863 – 24 April 1904 | Norodom | 3 February 1834 Angkor Borei | 24 April 1904 Phnom Penh Aged: | Son | |||||
Sisowath Chamchakrapong Central Khmer: ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ ចមចក្រពង្ស 27 April 1904 – 9 August 1927 | Sisowath | 7 September 1840 Mongkol Borey | 9 August 1927 Phnom Penh Aged: | Half-brother | |||||
Sisowath Monivong Central Khmer: ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ មុនីវង្ស 9 August 1927 – 23 April 1941 | Sisowath | 27 December 1875 Phnom Penh | 23 April 1941 Kampot Aged: | Son | |||||
Norodom Sihanouk[28] Central Khmer: នរោត្តម សីហនុ 24 April 1941 – 2 March 1955 | Norodom | 31 October 1922 Phnom Penh | 15 October 2012 Beijing Aged: | Maternal grandson | |||||
width=15% | Name! | width=105px | Portrait! | House | Birth! | Death | Relationship to predecessor | ||
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Norodom Suramarit Central Khmer: នរោត្តម សុរាម្រិត 3 March 1955 – 3 April 1960 | Norodom | 6 March 1896 Phnom Penh | 3 April 1960 Phnom Penh Aged: | Father | |||||
Sisowath Kossamak Central Khmer: ស៊ីសុវត្ថិ កុសុមៈ 20 June 1960 – 9 October 1970 | Sisowath Norodom | 9 April 1904 Phnom Penh | 27 April 1975 Beijing Aged: | Consort | |||||
width=15% | Name! | width=105px | Portrait! | House | Birth! | Death | Relationship to predecessor | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Norodom Sihanouk Central Khmer: នរោត្តម សីហនុ 24 September 1993 – 7 October 2004 | Norodom | 31 October 1922 Phnom Penh | 15 October 2012 Beijing Aged: | Son | |||||
Norodom Sihamoni Central Khmer: នរោត្តម សីហមុនី 14 October 2004 – present | Norodom | 14 May 1953 Phnom Penh | Living Age: | Son | |||||