Misleading of parliament explained
The misleading of parliament is the knowing presentation of false information to parliament, a very serious charge in Westminster system parliamentary assemblies.[1] [2] Government ministers who are found to have misled parliament will generally lose their ministerial portfolio. By convention, a minister found to have misled parliament is expected to resign or face being sacked. The Scottish Ministerial Code requires ministers to resign if they mislead the Scottish Parliament.[3] For witnesses giving testimony to an Australian parliamentary committee, giving misleading evidence can be considered a contempt of parliament.[4]
Notable instances
Australia
United Kingdom
In 1994 the UK parliament's Treasury & Civil Service Committee noted that "the knowledge that ministers and civil servants may evade questions and put the best gloss on the facts but will not lie or knowingly mislead the House of Commons is one of the most powerful tools MPs have in holding the executive to account".[5] The committee argued that any minister who was discovered to have knowingly lied to parliament should resign.[6] Intentionally misleading parliament could result in being held in contempt of parliament; however, it is unclear what penalties there would be. The UK parliament has not levied a fine since 1666.[7] As a result, Channel 4 found that "It's easier to get thrown out of the House of Commons for calling someone a liar than for lying itself."
- Profumo affair: John Profumo, Secretary of State for War. His affair with Christine Keeler, the reputed mistress of an alleged Soviet spy, followed by lying in the House of Commons when he was questioned about it, forced the resignation of Profumo and damaged the reputation of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan's government.
- Johnson affair: Boris Johnson, UK Prime Minister. on March 5, 2021, a court order showed that Prime Minister Boris Johnson "misled parliament over coronavirus contracts".[8] Subsequently, the leaders of six opposition parties represented in parliament accused him of "a consistent failure to be honest".[9]
In 2021, a petition to make knowingly lying to parliament a criminal offence obtained more than 100,000 signatures. The UK government announced that it does not plan to do so.[10]
Notes and References
- Web site: Lateline - 11/08/2003: Latham accuses Howard of misleading Parliament. Australian Broadcasting Corp. www.abc.net.au. 2016-11-04.
- Web site: 1994-05-11 . Inside Parliament: Minister's apology fails to satisfy MPs: Handling . The Independent .
- Book: Scottish Government. Scottish Ministerial Code: A code of conduct and guidance on procedures for Members of the Scottish Government and Junior Scottish Ministers. June 2008. 6. It is of paramount importance that Ministers give accurate and truthful information to the Parliament, correcting any inadvertent error at the earliest opportunity. Ministers who knowingly mislead the Parliament will be expected to offer their resignation to the First Minister.
- http://www.aph.gov.au/House/committee/documnts/Witadv.htm Appearing as a witness at a Parliamentary committee hearing
- Winetrobe . Barry K . 28 January 1997 . The Accountability Debate: Ministerial Responsibility . House of Commons Library . 22 April 2022.
- Tomkins . Adam . A right to mislead Parliament? . Legal Studies . March 1996 . 16 . 1 . 63–83 . 10.1111/j.1748-121X.1996.tb00400.x. 144602584 .
- Web site: Disciplinary and Penal Powers of the House. House of Commons Information Office. Parliament of the United Kingdom.
- News: Court order shows 'Boris Johnson misled Parliament over coronavirus contracts'. The Scotsman. 5 March 2021.
- News: Worrall . Patrick . FactCheck: what are the consequences for politicians who lie? . 5 September 2021 . Channel 4 News . 28 April 2021.
- News: Geraghty. Liam. 17 August 2021. Petition to make lying in parliament illegal could get MPs' debate. The Big Issue. 26 January 2022.
