Early Holocene sea level rise explained

The early Holocene sea level rise (EHSLR) was a significant jump in sea levelby about 600NaN0 during the early Holocene, between about 12,000 and 7,000 years ago, spanning the Eurasian Mesolithic.^[1] The rapid rise in sea level and associated climate change, notably the 8.2 ka cooling event (8,200 years ago),and the loss of coastal land favoured by early farmers, may have contributed to the spread of the Neolithic Revolution to Europe in its Neolithic period.^[2]

During deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum, between about 20,000 to 7,000 years ago (20 - 7 ka), the sea level rose by a total of about 1000NaN0, at times at extremely high rates, due to the rapid melting of the British-Irish Sea, Fennoscandian, Laurentide, Barents-Kara, Patagonian, Innuitian and parts of the Antarctic ice sheets. At the onset of deglaciation about 19,000 years ago, a brief, at most 500-year long, glacio-eustatic event may have contributed as much as 100NaN0 to sea level with an average rate of about 201NaN1/yr. During the rest of the early Holocene, the rate of sea level rise varied from a low of about NaN1NaN1/yr to as high as NaN1NaN1/yr during brief periods of accelerated sea level rise.^{[3] [4]}

Solid geological evidence, based largely upon analysis of deep cores of coral reefs, exists only for three major periods of accelerated sea level rise, called meltwater pulses, during the last deglaciation. The first, Meltwater pulse 1A, lasted between c. 14.6 - 14.3 ka and was a 13.50NaN0 rise over about 290 years centered at 14.2 ka.

The EHSLR spans Meltwater pulses 1B and 1C, between 12,000 and 7,000 years ago:

• Meltwater pulse 1B between c. 11.4 - 11.1 ka, a 7.50NaN0 rise over about 160 years centered at 11.1 ka, which includes the end of Younger Dryas interval of reduced sea level rise at about NaN1NaN1/yr;
• Meltwater pulse 1C between c. 8.2 - 7.6 ka, centered at 8.0 ka, a rise of 6.50NaN0 in less than 140 years.^{[5] [6]}

Such rapid rates of sea level rising during meltwater events clearly implicate major ice-loss events related to ice sheet collapse. The primary source may have been meltwater from the Antarctic ice sheet. Other studies suggest a Northern Hemisphere source for the meltwater in the Laurentide Ice Sheet.

There is a hypothesis that the EHSLR left some traces in the mythology like flood myths and oral history of Australian Aborigines.^[7]

References

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Notes and References

1. D.E. . Smith . S. . Harrison . C.R. . Firth . J.T. . Jordan . The early Holocene sea level rise . Quaternary Science Reviews . 30 . 15–16 . July 2011 . 1846–1860 . 10.1016/j.quascirev.2011.04.019 . 2011QSRv...30.1846S . The rise, of ca 60m, took place over most of the Earth as the volume of the oceans increased during deglaciation and is dated at 11,650–7000 cal. BP. The EHSLR was largely driven by meltwater release from decaying ice masses and the break up of coastal ice streams. [...] The impact of the EHSLR on climate is reviewed and it is maintained that the event was a factor in the 8200 BP cooling event, as well as in changes in ocean current patterns and their resultant effects. The EHSLR may also have enhanced volcanic activity, but no clear evidence of a causal link with submarine sliding on continental slopes and shelves can yet be demonstrated. The rise probably influenced rates and patterns of human migrations and cultural changes..
2. Chris S.M. . Turney . Heidi . Brown . Catastrophic early Holocene sea level rise, human migration and the Neolithic transition in Europe . Quaternary Science Reviews . 26 . 17–18 . September 2007 . 2036–2041. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.07.003 . 2007QSRv...26.2036T .
3. Cronin . T. M. . 2012 . Invited review: Rapid sea-level rise . Quaternary Science Reviews . 56 . 11–30. 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.08.021 .
4. Book: Blanchon . P. . 2011 . Meltwater Pulses . Hopley . D. . Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs: Structure, form and process . Springer-Verlag . Earth Science Series . 683–690 . 978-90-481-2638-5.
5. Book: Blanchon . P. . 2011 . Backstepping . Hopley . D. . Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs: Structure, form and process . Springer-Verlag . Earth Science Series . 77–84 . 978-90-481-2638-5.
6. Blanchon . P. . Shaw . J. . 1995 . Reef drowning during the last deglaciation: evidence for catastrophic sea-level rise and icesheet collapse . Geology . 23 . 4–8.
7. Web site: Ancient Aboriginal stories preserve history of a rise in sea level . Reid . Nick . Nunn . Patrick D. . 12 January 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210415082138/https://theconversation.com/ancient-aboriginal-stories-preserve-history-of-a-rise-in-sea-level-36010 . 15 April 2021 . live.