Melengestrol acetate explained

Melengestrol acetate (MLGA), sold under the brand names Heifermax and MGA among others, is a progestin medication which is used in animal reproduction.[1] [2] It is not approved for use in humans, and is instead used as an implantable contraceptive for captive animals in zoos and other refuges,[3] and is also used as a feed additive to promote growth in cattle, a purpose it is licensed for in the United States and Canada.[4]

Uses

Animal reproduction

MLGA is used in animal reproduction.

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

MLGA is a progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor.[5] It has been found to possess 73% of the affinity of progesterone for the progesterone receptor in rhesus monkey uterus.

Chemistry

See also: List of progestogens, Progestogen ester and List of progestogen esters.

MLGA, also known as 17α-acetoxy-16-methylene-6-dehydro-6-methylprogesterone or as 17α-acetoxy-16-methylene-6-methylpregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione, is a synthetic pregnane steroid and a derivative of progesterone. It is specifically a derivative of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone with a methyl group at the C6 position, a methylene group at the C16 position, a double bond between the C6 and C7 positions, and an acetate ester at the C17α position. As such, it is also a derivative of 16-methylene-17α-hydroxyprogesterone acetate. MLGA is the acetate ester of melengestrol, which in contrast, has never been marketed. Analogues of MLGA include other 17α-hydroxyprogesterone derivatives such as chlormadinone acetate, chlormethenmadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate, delmadinone acetate, hydroxyprogesterone caproate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, methenmadinone acetate, and osaterone acetate. The only structural difference between MLGA and megestrol acetate is the presence of the C16 methylene group in the former.

Society and culture

Generic names

Melengestrol acetate is the generic name of the drug and its and . Melengestrol is the and of the unesterified free alcohol form.

Brand names

MLGA is marketed under the brand names Heifermax and MGA among others.

Notes and References

  1. Book: Elks J . The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. 14 November 2014. Springer. 978-1-4757-2085-3. 764–.
  2. Web site: Melengestrol . Drugs.com . https://web.archive.org/web/20170730072128/https://www.drugs.com/international/melengestrol.html . 30 July 2017 .
  3. Book: https://books.google.com/books?id=a1vev5hf7o8C&pg=PA469 . Asa CS, Porton IJ . Chapter 34: Contraception as a Management Tool for Controlling Surplus Animals . Kleiman DG, Thompson KV, Baer CK . Wild Mammals in Captivity: Principles and Techniques for Zoo Management . 2nd . University of Chicago Press . Chicago, IL . 2010 . 469–482 . 9780226440118 . 17 March 2016.
  4. Book: Sharman M, van Ginkel L, MacNeil JD . Chapter 4: Current Analytical Methods Used for the Detection of Hormone Residues . Kay JF . Analyses for Hormonal Substances in Food-Producing Animals . https://books.google.com/books?id=9V-DbnzZiiMC&pg=PA139 . 27 May 2012 . 26 November 2009 . Royal Society of Chemistry . 978-0-85404-198-5 . 10.1039/9781849730723-00129 . 139.
  5. Illingworth DV, Elsner C, De Groot K, Flickinger GL, Mikhail G . A specific progesterone receptor of myometrial cytosol from the rhesus monkey . Journal of Steroid Biochemistry . 8 . 2 . 157–160 . February 1977 . 405534 . 10.1016/0022-4731(77)90040-1 .