Maytenus Explained

Maytenus ^[1] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia, and Australasia, the Indian Ocean and Africa. They grow in a very wide variety of climates, from tropical to subpolar. The traditional circumscription of Maytenus was paraphyletic, so many species have been transferred to Denhamia and Gymnosporia.^[2] ^[3]

Species

176 species are accepted.

Maytenus abbottii A.E.van Wyk
Maytenus acanthophylla
Maytenus acuminata (L.f.) Loes.
Maytenus agostinii
Maytenus alaternoides
Maytenus albata
Maytenus amazonica
Maytenus angolensis
Maytenus apiculata
Maytenus apurimacensis
Maytenus aquifolium (Mart.)
Maytenus ardisiifolia
Maytenus basidentata
Maytenus belizensis
Maytenus boaria Molina (type species)
Maytenus boarioides
Maytenus brasiliensis
Maytenus buxifolia (A.Rich.) Griseb. (West Indies)
Maytenus cajalbanica
Maytenus cassineformis
Maytenus cassinoides
Maytenus catingarum
Maytenus cestrifolia
Maytenus chapadensis
Maytenus chasei
Maytenus chiapensis
Maytenus chubutensis
Maytenus clarendonensis Britton
Maytenus cochlearifolia
Maytenus communis
Maytenus comocladiiformis
Maytenus conferta
Maytenus cordata
Maytenus corei
Maytenus coriacea
Maytenus crassipes Urb.
Maytenus curranii
Maytenus cuzcoina
Maytenus cymosa Krug & Urb. - Caribbean mayten
Maytenus dasyclados
Maytenus disticha
Maytenus distichophylla
Maytenus domingensis
Maytenus duqueana
Maytenus durifolia
Maytenus ebenifolia
Maytenus eggersii Loes.
Maytenus elaeodendroides
Maytenus elongata (Urb.) Britton - Puerto Rico mayten
Maytenus erythroxylon
Maytenus evonymoides
Maytenus ficiformis
Maytenus flagellata
Maytenus floribunda
Maytenus fugax
Maytenus glaucescens
Maytenus gonoclados Mart.
Maytenus gracilis
Maytenus grenadensis
Maytenus grisea
Maytenus guatemalensis
Maytenus guyanensis
Maytenus haitiensis
Maytenus harrisii Krug & Urb.
Maytenus horrida
Maytenus hotteana
Maytenus huberi
Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek
Maytenus imbricata
Maytenus inflata
Maytenus insculpta
Maytenus jamaicensis
Maytenus jamesonii Briq.
Maytenus jefeana Lundell^[3]
Maytenus jelskii
Maytenus kanukuensis
Maytenus karstenii
Maytenus laevigata (Vahl) Griseb. ex Eggers^[3] - White cinnamon
Maytenus laevis Reissek
Maytenus laurina
Maytenus laxiflora
Maytenus lineata
Maytenus listeri
Maytenus littoralis
Maytenus loeseneri
Maytenus longifolia
Maytenus longistipitata
Maytenus lucayana
Maytenus lucida
Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.
Maytenus magellanica (Lam.) Hook.f.
Maytenus manabiensis Loes.
Maytenus matudae Lundell
Maytenus mayana
Maytenus megalocarpa
Maytenus meguillensis
Maytenus meridensis
Maytenus microcarpa Fawc. & Rendle
Maytenus microphylla
Maytenus monodii
Maytenus monticola
Maytenus mornicola
Maytenus mucugensis
Maytenus myrsinoides
Maytenus neblinae
Maytenus nitida
Maytenus oblongata
Maytenus obtusifolia
Maytenus ocoensis
Maytenus oleoides Loes.
Maytenus oleosa A.E.van Wyk & R.H.Archer
Maytenus opaca
Maytenus orbicularis
Maytenus parvifolia
Maytenus patens
Maytenus pavonii
Maytenus peduncularis
Maytenus peruana
Maytenus phyllanthoides Benth. - Florida mayten, guttapercha mayten
Maytenus pittieriana
Maytenus planifolia
Maytenus ponceana Britton
Maytenus procumbens (L.f.) Loes.
Maytenus pruinosa
Maytenus prunifolia
Maytenus psammophila
Maytenus pseudoboaria
Maytenus purpusii
Maytenus pustulata
Maytenus quadrangulata (Schrad.) Loes.
Maytenus radlkoferiana
Maytenus recondita
Maytenus reflexa
Maytenus repanda
Maytenus retusa
Maytenus revoluta
Maytenus reynosioides Urb.
Maytenus rigida
Maytenus robustoides
Maytenus rupestris
Maytenus salicifolia
Maytenus samydiformis
Maytenus saxicola
Maytenus schippii
Maytenus schumanniana
Maytenus segoviarum
Maytenus serpentini
Maytenus sieberiana
Maytenus spinosa
Maytenus splendens
Maytenus sprucei
Maytenus stipitata Lundell
Maytenus subalata
Maytenus suboppositifolia
Maytenus tetragona
Maytenus theoides
Maytenus tikalensis
Maytenus trianae
Maytenus truncata
Maytenus tunarina
Maytenus umbellata
Maytenus undata (Thunb.) Blakelock
Maytenus urbaniana
Maytenus urbanii
Maytenus urquiolae
Maytenus versluysii
Maytenus verticillata
Maytenus vexata
Maytenus virens
Maytenus viscifolia
Maytenus vitis-idaea - Indian's salt
Maytenus wendtii
Maytenus williamsii A.Molina^[4]
Maytenus woodsonii

Undescribed species:

Maytenus sp. nov. A Miller (Yemen)

Formerly placed here

Denhamia bilocularis (F.Muell.) M.P.Simmons^[2] - Orangebark^[5] (as M. bilocularis)
Denhamia cunninghamii (Hook.) M.P.Simmons^[2] - Koonkara^[5] (as M. cunninghamii)
Denhamia disperma (F.Muell.) M.P.Simmons^[5] ^[2] (as M. disperma)
Denhamia fasciculiflora (Jessup) M.P.Simmons^[5] ^[2] (as M. fasciculiflora)
Denhamia muelleri (Benth.) Jessup^[5] ^[2] (as M. ferdinandi)
Denhamia silvestris (Lander & L.A.S.Johnson) M.P. Simmons^[2] (as M. silvestris) - Narrow-leaved orangebark, orange bark, orange bush^[5]
Gymnosporia addat Loes. (as M. addat)
Gymnosporia austroyunnanensis (S.J. Pei & Y.H. Li) M.P. Simmons (as M. austroyunnanensis)
Gymnosporia cassinoides (as M. canariensis or M. dryandri var. canariensis)
Gymnosporia dhofarensis (Sebsebe) Jordaan (as M. dhofarensis)
Gymnosporia diversifolia Maxim. (as M. diversifolia (Maxim.) Ding Hou)
Gymnosporia harenensis (Sebsebe) Jordaan (as M. harenensis)
Gymnosporia heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Loes. (as M. heterophylla (Eckl. & Zeyh.) N. Robson)
Gymnosporia nemorosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Szyszyl. (as M. nemorosa (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Marais)
Gymnosporia rothiana (Walp.) Wight & Arn. ex M.A.Lawson (as M. rothiana (Walp.) Lobr.-Callen)
Gymnosporia royleana Wall. ex M.A.Lawson (as M. royleana (Wall. ex M. A. Lawson) Cufod.)
Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes. (as M. senegalensis (Lam.) Exell)
Gymnosporia stylosa (as M. stylosa or M. curtisii (King) Ding Hou)
Gymnosporia thomsonii Kurz (as M. thomsonii (Kurz) V.S.Raju & Babu)^[4]

Cultivation and uses

Maytenus boaria and Maytenus magellanica are the most known species in Europe and the United States because these are the most cold-tolerant trees of this mostly tropical genus. The bark of Maytenus krukovii has a variety of documented medicinal properties; it is also sometimes admixed into decoctions of ayahuasca.

External links

Flora of Pakistan

Notes and References

Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
Delimitation of the Segregate Genera of Maytenus s.l. (Celastraceae) Based on Morphological and Molecular Characters. McKenna. Miles J.. Simmons. Mark P.. October 1, 2011. Systematic Botany. 36. 4. 922–932. 10.1600/036364411X604930. Bacon. Christine D.. Lombardi. Julio A..
Systematics of New World Maytenus (Celastraceae) and a New Delimitation of the Genus. Biral . Leonardo. Simmons. Mark P.. December 18, 2017. Systematic Botany. 42. 4. 680–693 . 0363-6445. 10.1600/036364417X696456. Smidt. Eric C.. Tembrock . Luke R.. Bolson . Mônica. Archer. Robert H. . Lombardi. Julio A.. 53121214 .
Web site: GRIN Species Records of Maytenus . Germplasm Resources Information Network . United States Department of Agriculture . 2010-08-31.
Web site: Maytenus . 2009-02-02. Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra.