Marshal of the Sejm explained

Post:Marshal
Body:the Sejm of the Republic of Poland
Native Name:Marszałek Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
Insignia:20070124 sejm detale glownia laska marszalka.jpg
Insigniasize:160px
Insigniacaption:Pommel of the Marshal's staff
Department:Presidum of the Sejm
Alt:Marshal of the Sejm
Incumbent:Szymon Hołownia
Incumbentsince:13 November 2023
Style:His/Her Excellency/Mr./Ms Marshal
Appointer:The Sejm
Inaugural:Jan Sierakowski
Formation:31 October 1548
Succession:First
Deputy:Vice-Marshals
Website:Marshal of the Sejm

The Marshal of the Sejm (Polish: Marszałek Sejmu, pronounced as /pol/) is the speaker (chair) of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th century. In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Marszałek Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej).[1]

Related historical offices

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth also had an office of Sejmik Marshal.

In the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, from 1861, the chairman of the Provincial Sejm of Galicia with its seat at Lwów bore the title Marszałek krajowy (Province Marshal). The Kingdom of Poland, from 1916 to 1918, used the title Marszałek Rady Stanu (Marshal of the State Council).

In the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939), the deputies elected one of their number as Marshal of the Sejm for the duration of the Sejm's term. Until 1935 (when superseded by the Senate Marshal), the Marshal or Chairman of the Sejm substituted for the President of Poland in the latter's absence or disability (Acting President of the Republic of Poland). Nowadays, it is again the Marshal of the Sejm who becomes the Acting President.

Modern Marshals of the Sejm

Today the Marshal of the Sejm is the chairman of the Presidium of the Sejm (Prezydium Sejmu) and the Convention of Seniors (Konwent Seniorów). The Marshal oversees the work of the Sejm, supervises procedural sessions of the Sejm, and convenes and chairs the proceedings of the Convention of Seniors and the Presidium of the Sejm. He (or she) appoints the Chief of the Chambers (of the Sejm, and of the Senat), and since 1989 substitutes for the President of Poland in the event of that office's vacancy.[2]

Their deputy is the Deputy Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland. This would be an elected representative rather than a fixed individual.

Marshal of the Sejm vote

Election of the Marshal of the Sejm
Vote →13 November 2023
Required majority →231 out of 460
Szymon Hołownia (PL2050)
Elżbieta Witek (PiS)
Against all
Absentees

List

See main article: List of Sejm Marshals.

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Marszałek Sejmu. Jakie ma zadania, obowiązki i przywileje . pl . tvn24.pl . 13 November 2023 . 13 November 2023.
  2. Web site: Pozycja ustrojowa marszałka sejmu w świetle Konstytucji Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej z 1997 roku . pl . uwm.edu.pl . Bogna Przybyszewska-Szter . 13 November 2023.