Margraviate of Antwerp explained

The Margraviate of Antwerp (or Mark of Antwerp) consisted since the eleventh century of the area around the cities of Antwerp and Breda.

Conventional Long Name:Margraviate of Antwerp
Common Name:Margraviate of Antwerp
Era:Middle Ages
Status:State of the Holy Roman Empire
Empire:Holy Roman Empire
Government Type:Margraviate
Year Start:969
Event End:Reunited with Brabant
Year End:1406
Event1:Merged into Lower Lorraine
Date Event1:1106
Event2:inherited by Brabant
Date Event2:1190
Event3:Peace of Ath
Date Event3:1357
P1:Lower Lotharingia
Flag P1:Lothringen-Nieder.PNG
S1:Duchy of Brabant
Flag S1:Banner of the Duchy of Brabant.svg
Capital:Antwerp
Leader1:Godfrey I (first)
Leader2:Godfrey III (last)
Year Leader1:969-1002
Year Leader2:1142-1190
Title Leader:Margrave of Antwerp

Origin

Under Otto II, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, several marches were created along the border with West Francia (this border coincided with the river Scheldt). Originally the mark was restricted to the borders of the Scheldt, in 994 Ansfried of Utrecht added Toxandria to the mark.

History

In the 11th century the mark of Antwerp was one of the fiefs of the duke of Lower Lorraine. Godfrey of Bouillon received the mark in 1076 from emperor Henry IV. After his death in the Crusader state of Jerusalem in 1100, Henry I of Limburg was appointed as margrave.

In 1106 the duchy of Lower Lorraine and the margraviate were united. After the Diet of Schwäbisch Hall by Emperor Henry VI, in 1190, the duchy was abolished and its titles were given to the duke of Brabant, who continued to use the title of "Margrave of the Holy Roman Empire".

In the 1357 Peace of Ath the margraviate went to Louis II, Count of Flanders and then his daughter Margaret. In 1405 its guardianship fell to her son Anthony, who reunited it with Brabant when he became duke the following year.

The margraviate was often listed separately as one of the Seventeen Provinces in the 16th century.

After the Eighty Years' War the margraviate was part of the Spanish Netherlands, where the title of margrave continued to exist as an honorary title for the representative of the governor.

Composition

The margraviate consisted (after the loss of Breda) of the cities of Antwerp, Herentals and Lier and the quarters of Arkel, Rijen, Geel, Zandhoven, Turnhout and Hoogstraten.

Margraves of Antwerp

Counts of Louvin

Dukes of Brabant

Counts of Flanders

Dukes of Brabant