Lysophosphatidylserine Explained

A lysophosphatidylserine is a lysophospholipid. Various lysophosphatidylserines trigger TLR 2.^[1] They can also modulate T cell function via suppression of Interleukin_2 (IL-2) production in CD4 T cells.^[2] They can also trigger mast cell degranulation.^[3] They interact with three G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), LPS1/GPR34, LPS2/P2Y10, and LPS3/GPR174.^[2]

A recent study showed that lysophosphatidylserines do not stimulate normal leukocytes.^[4] They also enhances glucose transport, lowering blood glucose levels while leaving secretion of insulin unaffected.^[5]

References

1. van der Kleij D, Latz E, Brouwers JF, Kruize YC, Schmitz M, Kurt-Jones EA . etal. A novel host-parasite lipid cross-talk. Schistosomal lyso-phosphatidylserine activates toll-like receptor 2 and affects immune polarization. . J Biol Chem . 2002 . 277 . 50 . 48122–9 . 12359728 . 10.1074/jbc.M206941200 . free. 1887/49917 . free .
2. Shinjo Y, Makide K, Satoh K, Fukami F, Inoue A, Kano K . etal. Lysophosphatidylserine suppresses IL-2 production in CD4 T cells through LPS3/GPR174. . Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 2017 . 494 . 1–2 . 332–338 . 29017923 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.028 .
3. Sugo T, Tachimoto H, Chikatsu T, Murakami Y, Kikukawa Y, Sato S . etal. Identification of a lysophosphatidylserine receptor on mast cells. . Biochem Biophys Res Commun . 2006 . 341 . 4 . 1078–87 . 16460680 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.01.069 .
4. Park KS, Lee HY, Kim MK, Shin EH, Bae YS . Lysophosphatidylserine stimulates leukemic cells but not normal leukocytes . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 333 . 2 . 353–8 . Jul 2005 . 15946646 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.109 .
5. Yea K, Kim J, Lim S, Kwon T, Park HS, Park KS, Suh PG, Ryu SH . Lysophosphatidylserine regulates blood glucose by enhancing glucose transport in myotubes and adipocytes . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 378 . 4 . 783–8 . Jan 2009 . 19063864 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.122 .